Dreimühlen ruins
| Dreimühlen ruins | ||
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 View from the Geo-Path up to the Dreimühlen ruins |
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| Alternative name (s): | Dreimühlen house | |
| Creation time : | 13th Century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Land nobility and high nobility | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone, stone | |
| Place: | Üxheim - Ahütte | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 19 ′ 34.6 " N , 6 ° 46 ′ 10" E | |
| Height: | 380 m above sea level NHN | |
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The Dreimühlen ruin , also called Dreimühlen House, is the ruin of a small hilltop castle in the Eifel .
Geographical location
The castle is located at 380 m above sea level. NHN in the Kalkeifel , a natural sub-region of the Northern Eifel between the High Fens and the Vulkaneifel in Rhineland-Palatinate near the state border with North Rhine-Westphalia . It is located in the district of Üxheim ( Vulkaneifel district ) between the districts of Ahütte and Niederehe and the neighboring municipality of Nohn . The facility stands on a tuff hill on the left (west) of the Ahbach .
history
Little is known from written sources about the history of the castle . There have not yet been any additional excavations . Nothing is known about the appearance of the castle complex.
The family of the Lords of Dreimühlen first appeared in 1218 when an Oda v. Drimollen is mentioned in a document from Archbishop Engelbert of Cologne in connection with a donation to the Niederehe monastery . In 1282 the castle was sold to Gerhard IV von Blankenheim for a price of 60 Cologne marks , which was the equivalent of a good 14 kilograms of silver at the time . This indicates that the castle was not particularly important or large. From the purchaser the plant was in turn transferred back to the seller as a fief . In 1343 the Blankenheimers gave the Dreimühlen house as a fief to Bernhard V (Lippe) , who passed it on to his wife Richarda as a Wittum . In 1400 it went to Werner von Dreymüllen for the last time as a fief of those from Blankenheim until his death . 1431 overwrites Count Gerhard von Blankenheim the castle Dreimölen his wife Margaret, Countess of Mors as Wittum. In 1468 the castle came to Count Dietrich III through an inheritance from his wife Elisabeth von Schleiden . von Manderscheid , who had it ravaged in 1473 in the course of a feud so that the liege lord Gerhard von Jülich and Berg would not seize them. In the same year, he described his Dreimühlen house as “burned and spoiled”. The ruins were initially not rebuilt in the following centuries and changed hands several times. Due to the childless marriage of Dietrich IV von Manderscheid to Margareta von Sombreff-Kerpen, the property came under the rule of Kerpen . After Dietrich's death, Philipp von der Mark seized the rule of Kerpen and thus also the ruins. This was followed by a long-term inheritance litigation between the House of Mark and the Dukes of Arenberg , who were awarded the rule of Kerpen and thus the ruins by a judgment of the Imperial Court of Justice in 1674 .
Probably before 1740 they had a stone house built on the site of the ruin. In 1774, Duke Karl von Arenberg had the "Maison de Dreymiihlen", now used as an agricultural property and forester's house , inspected by an architect. He describes it as follows: “The two-story Dreymühlen house was built from stone about 30 years ago. However, everything is in bad shape and about to collapse. Because the walls have sunk in two places and are torn from top to bottom, repairs are pointless. ”In another report from 1780 to Duke Ludwig Engelbert , the condition is described as still ailing. However, at no time has it been repaired or a proposed new building has been erected.
After the Duchy of Arenberg and its possessions were transferred to the French state at the beginning of the 19th century due to the provisions of the Peace of Lunéville , the Dreymühlen house was auctioned off "for demolition" in 1807. This took place in the following years except for the remains of the wall that still exist today.
Current condition
The only small remains of the Dreimühlen house today consist essentially of a quarry stone wall that still towers a few meters . The facility is neither inhabited nor managed and is freely accessible at all times. Due to the poor state of preservation, a visit is only worthwhile in connection with the neighboring Dreimühlen waterfall , which was named after the ruin, or for real castle friends.
Marked hiking trails through the Ahbachtal in the immediate vicinity of the ruins include the Geo-Path Hillesheim and the Eifelkrimi -Wanderweg . Furthermore, the Kalkeifel Cycle Path and the Mineralquellen Route (with a connection to the Ahr Cycle Path in the north) run along here as sections of a supra-regional long - distance cycle path network using sections of the former railway line of the dismantled (upper) Ahr Valley Railway in the section between Ahrdorf and Niederehe / Lissendorf .
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Monument and nature protection
The ruin is designated as a cultural monument and is therefore a listed building . It is located in the Ahbachtal nature reserve with the Ahbach stream, valley floor and wooded valley slope with an area of over 56 hectares and the Dreimühlen waterfall natural monument .
legend
The legend of the witch at Dreimühlen Castle surrounds the ruins .
literature
- Michael Losse: Castles and palaces, noble residences and fortifications in the Vulkaneifel . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86568-399-1 , pp. 32-34.
Web links
- Entry on Dreimühlen ruins in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Entry on the Dreimühlen deserted castle in the database of cultural assets in the Trier region .
- Entry on Dreimühlen in the private database "Alle Burgen".
Individual evidence
- ^ Archives Generales du Royaume, Brussels: Cartes et planes, inventaire manuscrit No. 7 357: Departement de Kerpen, Maison de Dreymiihlen (architect Gallibert, 1774).
- ^ Herbert Wagner: Dreimühlen house . In: Landkreis Vulkaneifel (Hrsg.): Heimatjahrbuch des Landkreis Vulkaneifel . 1984, p. 106 ( online [accessed April 9, 2019] article with information on further literature).
- ↑ Geopark Vulkaneifel ( Memento from October 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The Eifel Crime Trail - In search of clues to the locations of the Eifel crime thrillers. Holiday region Hillesheim / Vulkaneifel e. V., accessed on August 10, 2015 .
- ↑ Kalkeifel cycle path. In: Themed routes. radwanderland.de, accessed on August 10, 2015 .
- ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Vulkaneifel district. Mainz 2020, p. 54 (PDF; 4.6 MB).
- ^ Ordinance on the nature reserve "Ahbachtal". (PDF) Trier district government, May 9, 1955, accessed on August 10, 2015 .
- ↑ Dreimühlen waterfall and marble wall. Ministry of the Environment, Agriculture, Food, Viticulture and Forests of Rhineland-Palatinate, accessed on April 9, 2019 (monument number 7233-060 on LANIS card).
- ↑ P. Mannheim: The witch at Dreimühlen Castle. In: Heimatjahrbuch 1958, Ahrweiler district , accessed on August 10, 2015 .