Salzburg Museum

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Salzburg Museum
(formerly Carolino Augusteum)
Museum logo
Data
place Salzburg - old town
Art
architect Vincenzo Scamozzi (construction), Kaschl - Mühlfellner (adaptation)
opening 1834 (at location 2005)
Number of visitors (annually) 680,000 (2007)
operator
City and State of Salzburg (Salzburg Museum GmbH), Salzburg Museum Association
management
Website
Vinzenz Maria Süß on a painting from 1839 that can be seen today in the Salzburg Museum.

The Salzburg Museum in the Neue Residenz , formerly Carolino Augusteum  (SMCA), is a museum for the art and cultural history of the city and state of Salzburg .

The museum as an organization are now also panorama , fortress , Folklore , Domgrabungs - and Toy Museum and the Celtic Museum Hallein . The museum is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Historic Center of the City of Salzburg .

history

The beginnings of the museum - The Provincial Museum

Today's Salzburg Museum was founded in 1834 by Vinzenz Maria Süß as the municipal arsenal in Salzburg . In 1835, with the visit of the then district chief Albert Graf Montecuccoli, the exhibition of weapons, books, documents, coins and minerals was made accessible to the general public. With the support of the Mayor of Salzburg at the time, Alois Lergetporer , additional rooms in the former municipal grain store on Unteren Gries (today Franz-Josef-Kai 17) were acquired. The exhibited objects and also the financial income of the institute, which was known as the Municipal Museum from 1836 , consisted exclusively of donations from Salzburg citizens until 1844.

The Salzburg Museum Carolino-Augusteum in the 19th century

In 1849 the city of Salzburg took over the museum. From 1850 the museum was called the Salzburg Museum Carolino-Augusteum after the widow who lived in Salzburg after Emperor Franz I. Caroline Auguste took over the patronage, but was also called the Municipal Museum . In 1856 a history department was opened on the entire upper floor of the grain store, which was previously used by the municipal military maintenance administration, as well as an art and a nature department. The museum soon took over all of the rooms in the old town's grain store, but this did not resolve the shortage of space. In 1861, a new building between Sebastian's cemetery and Salzburg's main train station was considered for the growing museum. In 1868 the founder Vinzenz Maria Süss died.

After the stock market crash in 1873 , a drawing and modeling school was started here, which was offered to the Viennese architect Camillo Sitte in 1875 . 1876 ​​kk  Staats-Gewerbeschule , moved in 1900 to the building on Rudolfskai (then HTL, today University of Salzburg - social sciences).

Under director Jost Schiffmann (management 1870–1881) a romantically transfigured interior design that was popular with the public took place until 1921. In 1895 the natural history department was temporarily relocated to Mirabell Palace, thereby reducing the shortage of space. The Mirabell Palace was discussed several times as the location for the entire museum.

The museum in the 20th century

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Salzburg's membership in Austria, the museum had hopes of moving to the Hohensalzburg Fortress . The First World War dashed these hopes. In 1921 the museum had to vacate the house at Griesgasse 21 in order to alleviate the housing shortage. The archive and library were moved to depots so that at least the permanent collection could be exhibited. During this time of need, Julius Leisching was the first museum specialist to take over management in 1922 and founded the museum association that was still in existence. In 1923 Leisching left the natural history collections to the Haus der Natur Salzburg . In 1924 the exhibition of the folklore collection supervised by Karl Adrian was opened in the monthly palace in the Hellbrunn palace gardens. Nevertheless, the Carolino-Augusteum still had far too little space. During the time of National Socialism, the museum was to be housed first in a NS magnificent building on Griesgasse and later in the then expropriated St. Peter Abbey . The museum suffered severe damage during the first American bombing raid on Salzburg on October 16, 1944. The museum building was largely destroyed in the third attack. A large part of the collections remained undamaged thanks to the bomb-proof storage in 16 salvage locations (in the Hallein salt mine as well as in castles and parsonages outside the city). Many art treasures that could not be transported were lost, but the Sattler panorama , the Marientympanon from the Romanesque cathedral and other objects could be recovered from the bomb rubble. The loss of cultural assets continued after the end of the war, among other things through theft. A large part of the gold coin collection disappeared without a trace during the American guard in the Hallein salt mine.

After the war, the offices of the museum were located in the Old Borromeo on Dreifaltigkeitsgasse, in 1952 an exhibition was opened on the top floor of the fortress, and the bird house next to Mirabell Palace was adapted for exhibitions (“Museum Pavilion”). After years of debate about a new location, a smaller new building at the old location was opened as a temporary measure by the museum director at the time, Kurt Willvonseder . New locations and expansion options were discussed for years as a result (Hohensalzburg Fortress, the old area reduced by the city cinema on Franz-Josef-Kai, Priest's House, Mirabell Palace, Toskanatrakt, trade school on Rudolfskai, Bürgerspital). Hans Hollein's competition project for a new building in Mönchsberg also failed . This project was then intended for a Guggenheim Museum, but could not be realized because of the disagreement among Salzburg's politics.

The cathedral excavation museum was opened in 1974, the toy museum in 1978 and the newly designed fortress museum on the Hohensalzburg fortress in 2000. In 2002 the museum presented the oeuvre of the artist murdered by the Nazi regime in the special exhibition Helene von Taussig - The Saved Pictures , curated by Nikolaus Schaffer, who also wrote the catalog.

The Salzburg Museum in the New Residence

Inner courtyard of the converted New Residence, since 2007 the main building of the Salzburg Museum.

The preliminary work for the relocation of the SMCA was carried out by Governor Hans Katschthaler . After many years of standstill in museum politics, Governor Franz Schausberger was able to present a concept for the reorganization of Salzburg's museum landscape in 1997, drawn up by Klaus Albrecht Schröder . The Salzburg state government decided to dedicate the new Residenz building (later called Neue Residenz ) to the previous SMCA. However, the architectural competition announced in 1999 failed. It was not until 2002 that the Salzburg architects Kaschl / Mühlfellner, as the winner of a negotiation process, received the order to redesign the building from the time of Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau. The construction work began under Governor Franz Schausberger in autumn 2003 and lasted until summer 2005.

At the end of September 2005, the SMCA closed the main building on Museum Square. Significant parts of the collection were stored, "eke out a shadowy existence in depots and are most of the time withdrawn from the public." From January 27, 2006 to January 7, 2007, the exhibition Viva! MOZART shown for the 250th birthday of the Genius loci . Since May 1, 2007 the facility has been called the Salzburg Museum .

Today the most important museum of the city and state of Salzburg in terms of history, culture and art has more than 3000 square meters of exhibition space available in the New Residence, whereby a new concept has been implemented. The primary goal is to present art objects aesthetically and to tell them as an exciting story. The complex lighting technology is also breaking new ground. For the first time in the world, LED headlights were used in museums. The house is cooled in summer with a modern air-conditioning system using the cool water of the historic monastery arm of the Alm Canal, which was built in 1143.

"We want to prove that a modern museum of cultural history can be informative and entertaining at the same time when aesthetic design, modern presentation and valuable art objects form a symbiosis", stated director Erich Marx at the opening on June 1, 2007. In 2007 the Salzburg Museum was able to book 680,000.

Rooms on the second floor are dedicated to the permanent exhibition Mythos Salzburg , rooms on the first floor are dedicated to the Salzburg exhibition . Large special exhibitions are regularly shown in the art gallery in the basement.

organization

Today the Salzburg Museem are operated by Salzburg Museum GmbH, owned by the City and State of Salzburg , and supported by the Salzburg Museum Association with its more than 9,000 members.

Associated museums and collections, other offers

The Salzburg Museum also has other museums:

The Salzburg Museum has also been running the Hallein Celtic Museum since 2012 - the Hallein City Museum and the Hallein Silent Night Museum are also located there

The museum also looks after the Salzburg carillon .

Other offers:

Workshop: flint and hand ax
  • According to its own statements, the Salzburg Museum is the first museum in the world to have mainly equipped its exhibitions with LED lighting in 2006 and, in addition to other economic reasons, can thus show exhibits that could not be exhibited due to UV radiation under normal lighting.
  • The museum has a wide range of educational offerings that range from prehistory (e.g. flint and hand ax - Life in the Stone Age) to modern times (e.g. profession: Prince Archbishop ). City walks with a special theme (e.g. squire, servant and noble lady - How children lived in the Middle Ages ) are also available for young people.

Directors

Awards

literature

Historical:

  • Joseph Bergmann: The Carolino-Augusteum Municipal Museum in Salzburg. In: Mittheilungen der KK Central Commission for Research and Conservation of Architectural Monuments , Volume 7, 1862, pp. 329-335 ( digitized, Google, full view ).

Web links

Commons : Salzburg Museum  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

proof

  1. ↑ a b Salzburg Museum: Annual Review and Preview. That was 2007: Numbers, data, opinions ( memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.salzburgmuseum.at archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Media info, salzburgmuseum.at
  2. ↑ a b Salzburg Museum GmbH , salzburgmuseum.at
  3. ↑ a b Salzburg Museum Association
  4. ↑ Salzburg Trade School . In: Salzburger Nachrichten: Salzburgwiki .
  5. ↑ Nikolaus Schaffer: Helene von Taussig (1879–1942). The saved images. Catalog of the special exhibition at the Salzburg Museum Carolino Augusteum, Salzburg 2002
  6. ↑ Robert Kriechbaumer: Controversial and defining. Cultural and scientific buildings in the city of Salzburg 1986–2011. Vienna, Cologne, Weimar 2012. p. 186
  7. ↑ Hildegard Kretschmer: Salzburg . Reclams city guides architecture and art (=  Universal Library . No. 19358 ). Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 2016, ISBN 978-3-15-019358-7 , pp. 187 .
  8. ↑ Media talk on November 30, 2006: World premiere for LED headlights in Salzburg - innovative lighting technology in the new Salzburg Museum ( Memento from October 25, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  9. ^ Salzburg Museum offers for young people
  10. ^ Museum directors since 1834 . Retrieved November 22, 2018.
  11. ^ Salzburg Museum is Europe's Museum of the Year , Kleine Zeitung , May 10, 2009

Coordinates: 47 ° 47 ′ 55 "  N , 13 ° 2 ′ 52"  E