Sammenheim

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Sammenheim
Community Dittenheim
Coordinates: 49 ° 3 ′ 9 ″  N , 10 ° 44 ′ 55 ″  E
Height : 453–471 m above sea level NN
Area : 7.77 km² (including Buckmühle)
Residents : 330  (2011)
Population density : 42 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1978
Postal code : 91723
Area code : 09833
map
Location of the community in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district
Sammenheim, aerial photo (2020)
Sammenheim, aerial photo (2020)
Historical view of the church, old schoolhouse and "ladder house" of the fire brigade (right in the picture) before or around 1900

Sammenheim is a district of the municipality of Dittenheim in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen .

Location and traffic

Sammenheim, in the background the Yellow Mountain

The place is in the West Central Franconia region to the west of the municipality in a hollow at the foot of the Yellow Mountain , an elevation of the Hahnenkamm . The district road WUG 26 leads through the village in a west-east direction , into which the district road WUG 28 joins when coming from the north .

Place name interpretation

According to the place name researcher Robert Schuh , the place name means "To the home of a sambo".

history

Memorial stone for the national victory in 1983 "Our village should be more beautiful"

Sammenheim probably goes back to Bavarian settlers in the early 9th century who, coming from the area east of Weißenburg / Gunzenhausen, settled in the fertile Hahnenkamm- Lias belt . Other researchers see Sammenheim as a planned settlement of the Franconian- Merovingian kingdom from the early 7th century. The earliest evidence dates back to 1127, when the Bamberg canon Volkmar gave his estate "Sambenheim" to the Bamberg Church, probably the Georgenchor of the Bamberg Cathedral . When in 1154/55 Bishop Konrad von Eichstätt had to make peace between the canons (secular clergy) and the Benedictine monks of the nearby Heidenheim monastery as part of a monastery reform, a certain Eberhard received a farm in Sammenheim from the monastery property as compensation for benefits in Döckingen . From the 12th century a local nobility appeared (1160: Engelbert von Sammenheim; 1222 Cunradus de Samenheim, canon of the St. Gumbert monastery in Ansbach ); he was probably sitting in a castle above the Buckmühle on the northern slope of the Hahnenkamm between the Gelben Bürg and the Spielberg, from which walls and ditches can still be seen. In 1249, the Eichstatt Bishop Heinrich donated the income from the patronage rights of the Church of Sammenheim to the Heidenheim monastery on the condition that the monastery provided a permanent vicar with the title of “pastor” for Sammenheim and provided for him according to his status. In 1250 the Wülzburg monastery also owned the village. In 1282 a farm in the village passed from the property of Konrad von Muhr to the Heidenheim monastery; in the 14th century this was given further ownership in Sammenheim. In 1400 13 farms (including the Meierhof) or Hofstellen / Huben, 1 fiefdom and the Widemhof belonged to the monastery, which also received the big tithe . They also had to pay taxes to the Vogtamt Sammenheim, which the Counts of Oettingen had formed from the inheritance of several noble families. Early peasant rights of kings freedom continued to have an effect in Sammenheim for centuries, namely in the rug court and in village marriage . The “Gemain ”'s own legal and economic affairs could thus be regulated autonomously, with the Oettingsche Vogtamt Sammenheim presiding.

In 1400 the Counts of Oettingen fought with the Burgraves of Nuremberg about Oetting's right of escort to Sammenheim. The burgraves (and thus the later margraves of Ansbach ) already had property in the village; In the first half of the 15th century , the Hohentrüdingen castle count's office received taxes from three farms and a field from “Sammenheym”. Around 1423, the Auhausen monastery protested that the Oettingsche county wanted to take over the rights to its property in Sammenheim. In 1458 and again in 1480 the parish church was consecrated to St. Emmeram . The presentation legal standing to the convent Heidenheim.

For 1528 it is reported that the vicar of the Heidenheim monastery in Sammenheim "preaches evangelically" according to the margravial mandate; the Reformation thus gained a foothold in Sammenheim early on.

In 1532, Sammenheim's possessions were as follows: 31 goods were owned by the Counts of Oetting, 4 goods belonged to the Auhausen monastery, 12 to the Heidenheim monastery, 4 to the Wassertrüdingen office , 4 to the margravial caste office in Heidenheim, 4 to those of Lentersheim in Neuenmuhr ; the bailiwick exercised the rule of Oettingen, the high Fraisch the margravial Oberamt Gunzenhausen. In the early 17th century, several goods from Sammenheim were transferred to the Teutonic Order of the Coming Ellingen and the Teutonic Order in Eschenbach the Nuremberg Coming. Also in the 17th century, exiles from Upper Austria settled in Sammenheim and ran the farms that had become partly desolate during the Thirty Years' War .

After the evangelical line Oettingen-Oettingen died out, the Catholic line Oettingen-Spielberg bought their office in Sammenheim in 1731, where an office building and an office servant's apartment existed for the now 36 Oettingschen estates in Sammenheim; a sale to the margraves planned in 1774 failed due to the amount of Oetting's claims. The right of patronage was now granted to the Catholic Oettingernians, but the consistorial jurisdiction , the visitation and the installation remained with the Ansbachers. So Sammenheim remained a Protestant parish village.

At the end of the Old Kingdom , the approximately eighty subjects of Sammenheim were assigned to ten different margravial and German order offices; two half-yards and one house were free property; the community owned, among other things, the forge, the poor house, the shepherd's house and the bath house.

1806 came as a result of Reichsdeputationshauptschluss circuit Sammenheim with the former Principality of Ansbach, which at the crown 1791/92 Prussia had fallen (the Oettinger Count agreed majestic legally with Prussia by the Treaty of 1796), to the Kingdom of Bavaria and formed there in 1808, including the Buck Mill its own tax district in the district court of Heidenheim . The municipal edicts of 1810 and 1818 made the tax district a rural municipality (rural municipality). It was not until the regional reform in Bavaria in 1972 that the independence of the municipality of Sammenheim, which was incorporated into the municipality of Dittenheim in the new Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district, ended.

In 1832 Sammenheim consisted of 82 houses, a parish church, a parsonage, a schoolhouse (a school in Sammenheim can be traced back to 1570), two breweries, a tavern and two mills. In 1864 there were 85 houses, in 1961 81 residential buildings.

On May 1, 1978, the previously independent community was incorporated into the community of Dittenheim together with its Buckmühle district.

In 1983 Sammenheim was the national winner in the national competition "Our village has a future - our village should become more beautiful".

Population numbers

  • 1818: 413 inhabitants
  • 1824: 458 inhabitants, 84 properties
  • 1864: 458 “souls”, 85 houses, 113 families
  • 1950: 498 inhabitants, 85 properties
  • 1961: 375 inhabitants, 81 residential buildings
  • 1966: 375 inhabitants
  • 1970: 363 inhabitants
  • 1979: 369 inhabitants
  • 1987: 318 inhabitants
  • 2011: 330 inhabitants

Others

  • In 1827, the sick, preaching and prophesying Sammenheim peasant girl Maria Margaretha M. cast a spell over thousands as the “miracle girl of Sammenheim”.
  • A statistic of the German schools in Middle Franconia from 1859 names income for the teacher von Sammenheim from his teaching activities, his work as a church servant, as an organist and as a parish clerk; He had his apartment in the attic of the school house built by the community in 1787/88. In addition to the floor and the cellar, he had a stable "for three cattle", a barn and a small courtyard with a well. The organ in the nearby church was well preserved and had 12 stops.
  • An advertisement from 1868 shows that the Sammenheim steam threshing cooperative owned a steam threshing machine from the Blumenthalschen Maschinenfabrik Darmstadt .
  • Only a few old trees of the Meissner long-stemmed fig pear are known in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district, including in Sammenheim.

Architectural monuments

Sammenheim, church and former schoolhouse, now the parish hall, works by Johann David Steingruber

The architectural monuments in Sammenheim include:

  • the Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Emmeram , a margrave church of the nave church type , built using older parts from 1756 to 1762 according to plans by the Ansbach court architect Johann David Steingruber ; In the tower of the church hang four bells with the chimes a 1 , c 1 , d 2 , f 2 .
  • the rectory from 1815, two-storey with a half-hipped roof ,
  • the former schoolhouse from 1788, two-story with a hipped roof
  • Various farmhouses, (former) stables and stalls from the 18th and 19th centuries (house numbers 1, 15, 19, 43, 70, 80, 83, 87, 94 and 96)

Soil monuments

Personalities

  • Jakob Friedrich Georgi , son of Oetting's bailiff Jakob Simon Georgi (i), field preacher under Margrave Wilhelm Friedrich von Brandenburg-Ansbach and author, * on January 4, 1697 in Sammenheim; † October 3, 1762 as Ansbachischer Rat in Ansbach

societies

  • Sammenheim volunteer fire brigade , founded in 1891
  • Shooting club "Gelber Berg" Sammenheim, founded in 1951
  • Country / housewives Sammenheim, founded in 1821
  • Military and reservist comradeship Sammenheim
  • Fruit and horticultural association Sammenheim
  • Evangelical rural youth in Sammenheim, founded in 1966
  • Trumpet Choir Sammenheim
  • Sammenheim cultural association
  • ARGE Nuss Sammenheim
  • Flat share - Sammenheim
  • Friends AmsiArena
  • Juners Association

literature

  • The miracle girl in Sammenheim. A contribution to empirical psychology. Beck, Nördlingen 1827
  • Notes from the parish of Sammenheim, Landg. Heidenheim. In: Bavarian Annals. 2 (1834), p. 1035 ff.
  • Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Francs . Row I, Issue 8: Gunzenhausen-Weißenburg . Edited by Hanns Hubert Hofmann. Munich 1960, especially pp. 157, 239.
  • Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Sammenheim . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 5 : S-U . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1802, DNB  790364328 , OCLC 833753112 , Sp. 33 ( digitized version ).
  • Robert Schuh: Gunzenhausen. Former district of Gunzenhausen . Series of Historical Place Name Book of Bavaria. Middle Franconia, Vol. 5: Gunzenhausen. Munich: Commission for bayer. Landesgeschichte 1979, No. 230, pp. 243–247.
  • Gottfried Stieber: Sammenheim . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 691-694 ( digitized version ).
  • Martin Winter: Sammenheim. In: Gunzenhausen district. Publishing house for authorities and economy RA Hoeppner, Munich / Assling 1966, p. 237 f.
  • Martin Winter: On the early history of Sammenheim. In: Alt-Gunzenhausen 48 (1993), pp. 91-125.

Web links

Commons : Sammenheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schuh, p. 245
  2. ↑ Schuh, p. 246
  3. ↑ Winter, Early History, pp. 103ff.
  4. ↑ Schuh, p. 243; Winter, Early History, p. 116
  5. ↑ 1250 years of Heidenheim. Heidenheim 2002, pp. 92, 103; Winter, Early History, pp. 116f.
  6. ↑ a b Landkreis Gunzenhausen, p. 237
  7. ↑ Martin Winter: The Sammenheimer and Gunzenhausen. In: Alt-Gunzenhausen 36 (1976), p. 31
  8. ↑ Winter, Early History, p. 112
  9. ↑ a b Schuh, p. 244
  10. ↑ Winter, Early History, p. 124
  11. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 67
  12. ↑ Schuh, p. 244; Winter, Early History, p. 110
  13. ↑ Werner Kugler: How did Sammenheim become Protestant? In: 250 years of St. Emmeram Sammenheim 1761-2011 , p. 10
  14. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 66
  15. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 49; Schuh, p. 245
  16. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 48
  17. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 157
  18. ↑ a b c d Historical Atlas, p. 239
  19. ^ Contributions to Bavarian Church History 32 (1925), p. 32
  20. ^ Repertory of the topographical atlas volume Dinkelsbühl. 1932, p. 25
  21. ↑ a b Vetter, Hand- and Address Book Middle Franconia, 3rd edition. 1864
  22. ↑ a b Official city directory for Bavaria 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census. Munich 1964, column 787
  23. ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 731 .
  24. ↑ Memorial stone in the village
  25. ↑ Schuh, p. 243
  26. ^ Genealogy network
  27. ↑ Altmühl-Bote on nordbayern.de
  28. ↑ Freie Presse No. 11 of February 6, 1828 and Der Bayerische Volksfreund No. 100 of August 21, 1827
  29. ^ Vetter, Statistics of the German Schools in Middle Franconia, 1859
  30. ↑ Agricultural Wochenblatt für Mittelfranken 2 (1868), No. 6, p. 21 f.
  31. ↑ Website of the Obstarche in Spielberg ( Memento of the original from August 9, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.obstarche.de
  32. ↑ Bayer. State Office for Monument Preservation: Architectural Monuments, Dittenheim, Sammenheim district, as of February 25, 2012 , p. 2f .; also ( PDF )
  33. ^ Biographical and bibliographical information from a lexicon from 1804