Ibbenbürener Bergplatte
| Ibbenbürener Bergplatte
(Schafberg, Schafbergplatte, Schafbergmassiv)
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 View of the Ibbenbürener Bergplatte from the north |
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| Highest peak | nameless? Elevation with transmitter Blomenkamp ( 176.1 m above sea level ) | |
| location | at Ibbenbüren ; District of Steinfurt , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountain range | of the Osnabrück hill country | |
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 18 ' N , 7 ° 47' E | |
| Type | High plateau, Horst | |
| rock | Ibbenbürener sandstone | |
| particularities | Central part of the Ibbenbüren coal field | |
 View from Dörenther Berg (Teutoburg Forest) over Ibbenbüren to Schafberg with mining facilities and Ibbenbüren power station |
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The Ibbenbürener Bergplatte , often referred to as Schafberg , Schafbergplatte or Schafbergmassiv , is a maximum of 176.1 m above sea level. NHN high ridge of horst-like out upscale carbon in Tecklenburger Land ( Kreis Steinfurt ) north of Ibbenbueren in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), for Osnabrücker hills belongs.
Its eastern part, the Sheep Mountain in the narrow sense , includes the area bounded on the coal industry the term Ostfeld synonymous Ibbenbüren mine carries. The western part is called Dickenberg after the town of the same name. In mining he was given the term Westfeld . The name Schafberg is often used in connection with mining for the entire Ibbenbüren mountain range.
geography
location
The Ibbenbürener Bergplatte is bordered by the villages of Hopsten , Obersteinbeck , Steinbeck , Recke , Mettingen and Westerkappeln in the north, Lotte in the east, Laggenbeck , Ibbenbüren and Püsselbüren in the south and Uffeln in the west. In the southern area it is separated from the Teutoburg Forest by the Ibbenbürener Valley . The mountain plate has an extension of 14 km in west-northwest direction and a width of 5 km. The 2 km wide Bockradener Graben divides its carbon nest into the east and west fields. Parts of the ridge are in the TERRA.vita nature and geopark .
Natural allocation
The Ibbenbüren mountain plateau, which stretches from northwest to southeast, is naturally allocated as follows:
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(to 534 Osnabrück hill country )
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(to 534.3 Western Osnabrück hill country)
- 535.32 Schafbergplatte
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(to 534.3 Western Osnabrück hill country)
To the southwest it flattens to the Ibbenbüren valley (535.33) near Ibbenbüren. To the south-east of the slab, a narrow corridor that separates the Habichtswald (535.34) merges into the Westerkappelner Flachwellenland (535.30) around Westerkappeln and Lotte . The north-western part of the north-eastern roof finally forms the Mettinger Vorland (535.31) near Mettingen.
In the northwest, the Schafberg merges into the Hopstener Sandplatten (581.13) around Hopsten , where it is framed by the Mittelland Canal . The sand plates are part of the Settrup valley sand area (581.1), this belongs to the Plantlünner sand plain (main unit 581), which in turn belongs to the Dümmer- Geest lowland (58). The Geest lowland is part of the North German lowlands , while the Osnabrück hill country is part of the natural spatial greater region of the 2nd order of Lower Saxony mountain country .
Surveys
The highest natural elevation of the Ibbenbüren mountain plateau is in the Ibbenbüren district in the Osterledde farming community. Its summit ( ⊙ ; 176.1 m above sea level ) is located 2.3 km northeast of the St. Maria Magdalena Church in the Ibbenbürener district of Laggenbeck and about 90 m southwest of the Blomenkamp transmitter (approx. 174 m ). Your landscape leads to the northwest in the district Mettingen (with Höveringhausen); it falls to the north via northeast to east in the Westerkappeln district - with the farmers Handarpe (with Hollenbergs Hügel) and Hambüren (with Velpe). The highest point in absolute terms, however, is the dump northeast of Dickenberg, which exceeds the 190 m height line over a length of about 300 meters (to the northeast) and about 60 meters wide.
Numerous prominent elevations surround or stand out from the plateau surface of the Schafberg or Dickenberg. These are, for example, in the eastern field the Rochusknapp near the Ibbenbüren district of Alstedde , the Donnerberg between Ibbenbüren and its district Bockraden and in the western field the Kälberberg near the Reck district of Obersteinbeck.
Possibility of viewing
When the visibility is good, you can see from the Ibbenbürener Bergplatte to Osnabrück in the east, Rheine in the west and to the Emsland nuclear power plant in Lingen in the north. The best view is from the Rudolfshalde , a coal dump belonging to the Ibbenbüren mine , which stands out from the mountain plateau. To the south the view is limited by the Teutoburg Forest .
geology
The formation of the Ibbenbüren mountain plateau dates back to the Carboniferous period 300 million years ago. At that time, the area around Ibbenbueren was on the northern edge of the Karbon Geosynklinale , a trough that stretched from the Ruhr area via Belgium and France to southern England. In a subtropical climate this trough became swampy. This was repeated a few times in the 40 million year carbon age. The vegetation consisted of large ferns and trees that can still be seen today on rock prints . Representatives of these trees were the seal tree and the giant horsetail . The pewing plant remains were flooded several times and covered with sand. The peat deposits have become coal seams today. The well-known Ibbenbüren sandstone was created from the sand and clay . After the Carboniferous Period, the area was covered with a 2000 m thick blanket of deposits. Due to the unfolding of the mountains of the Teutoburg Forest and the action of the Bramsch Pluton, the layers deposited in the carbon reached the surface of the earth through uplift and erosion of the overlying layers. The Bramscher pluton caused a strong heat effect on the coal in the mountains, so that it was subject to intensive coalification . In Ibbenbüren, instead of the flame and gas flame coal from the Ruhr district, only edible and lean coal and, at great depths, anthracite occur. The acting tectonic forces caused high tensions in the rock, which caused the eyrie to break into clods. The formation of the Bockraden trench, which divides the Horst into the eastern Schafberg and the western Dickenberg, is particularly striking. This trench is 2 km wide and 400 m high . It forms the border between the West Field and the East Field .
Strata of the Permian bite out in the edge zones . In the Zechstein layers of the Permian, ores that were thermally mobilized by the Bramscher pluton were stored in the Cretaceous period. These ores displaced the Zechstein limestone and filled the crevices that had formed. Both iron ores and sulfidic non-ferrous metal ores are available. The non-ferrous metal ores consist mainly of zinc and lead ores, but small amounts of silver can also be detected. These ore deposits are found above all above Ibbenbürens and Laggenbeck. Numerous ore mines mined the ore until 1921.
Layers of the Lower Cretaceous Period (more precisely: the Wealden period; about 146 to 140 million years before today) on the northern edge of the Ibbenbüren mountain plateau contain coal seams that can be found near Recke. Due to its small thickness, however , this Wealden coal was never mined.
Mining
Together with the Piesberg and the Hüggel near Osnabrück , the Ibbenbürener Bergplatte forms the Ibbenbürener hard coal district . The predominantly shallow layers to the north consist mainly of sandstone, clay slate and conglomerates , in which the coal seams are embedded. Due to the lack of overburden in the upper areas, they are highly water-bearing. Stratigraphically include the disrupted coal layers for Westphalian B-D . 1800 m of seam-bearing carbon are proven. This sequence of layers contains 105 seams, only a few of which are worth building.
Conflict over name and affiliation
In general literature, the Ibbenbürener Bergplatte is often referred to as the Schafberg. This is correct insofar as the eastern half has been assigned the field name of the Schafberg (Ibbenbüren) farmers' community. This designation, which is only valid for the eastern part, has established itself for the entire structure of the Ibbenbürener Bergplatte and is often mentioned in literature and maps.
Numerous scientists recommended many decades ago to use the name Ibbenbürener Bergplatte for the carbon nest as a whole. This has been practiced in the specialist literature for some time. Other suggestions for a name for the carbon fiber nest could not gain acceptance in the specialist literature.
The Ibbenbürener Bergplatte is also often incorrectly represented in the general literature as the foothills of the Wiehengebirge . This could even be heard on the website of the city of Ibbenbüren. The mountain plate is also not an extension of the Teutoburg Forest, which runs further south, but its own geological formation.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Sofie Meisel: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 83/84 Osnabrück / Bentheim. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1961. → Online map (PDF; 6.4 MB)
- ↑ a b c Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( information )
- ↑ Dr. Georg Römhild proves: Ibbenbüren is not on the Wiehengebirge ( Memento from September 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
literature
- Hubert Rickelmann , Hans Röhrs : The Ibbenbürener hard coal mining. From the beginning to the present . 2nd, revised edition. Schöningh, Paderborn, Munich, Vienna and Zurich 1987, 350 pages, ISBN 3-506-77224-4 .
