St. Andreas Church (Bad Lauterberg)
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The Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Andrew , one after the patron saint of miners called hall church , is in the line of flight of the main street in the historic center of Bad Lauterberg . The church belongs to the parish of Harzer Land of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hanover .
Building history
A simple chapel was probably built as early as the 13th or 14th century . A new building was built in 1571 because the first wooden church had become too small and dilapidated . This is evidenced by a lintel with this date on an entrance on the north side, which was originally built as a lintel on the south side and was only placed at this point at the beginning of the 20th century. The nave of that time had the same dimensions as the present one. However, the interior looked different. The altar stood free in the choir . There was also only one gallery over 2/3 the length of the side on the south side. The pulpit was attached to the 1st pillar . A small organ stood on the rear gallery .
Marauders put on 12 September 1641 Lauterberg in fire . The church was also largely destroyed. In 1644 it was poorly rebuilt, but on January 23, 1667, a second large fire destroyed the place. The building, which has since been rebuilt, was badly damaged. It was initially repaired in a makeshift manner, and it was only five years later that it could be used again for church services . Due to the poor condition of the church, a renovation was planned since 1734 . The population of the community had increased sharply due to mining and the Königshütte, which was built from 1732 , so the church should be enlarged. However, it was not possible to acquire the adjacent property for the structural expansion. Therefore, only one renovation took place in 1736 , during which more space was created for the worship service by enlarging the gallery and installing another. The church was given dormer windows to ensure sufficient exposure . The old sacristy on the north side was demolished. For this purpose, a two-storey extension was built as a half-timbered house on the east side. In the course of the renovation work, the altar had to be moved further into the room.
In 1886 the poor condition of the building was lamented, so that at times even a new building was considered. However, the approval from the Royal Consistory of the Province of Hanover only provided for various redesigning measures while retaining the old building fabric . Alfred Sasse provided the designs . On June 26, 1912, the half-timbered sacristy was demolished and replaced by a masonry structure . The interior walls of the church were whitewashed until 1859. The wooden, flattened barrel vault , originally faintly colored, was painted bright blue and given gold stars. The current painting was done in 1912. The pews , the vestibules and the windows were made anew. The work was completed on May 10, 1913. The church building was damaged in World War II . The partially destroyed roof was renewed in 1957 and the interior painting was restored in 1962 . In 1964 the exterior was renovated. The last exterior renovation to secure the building fabric took place in 1990.
Exterior construction
The St. Andrew's Church fits into the northern row of the eaves houses on the main street. It is a simple rectangular building with four window axes with a high pitched roof and a choir broken on three sides in the east, to which the sacristy is attached. The south side facing the street is characterized by elaborately designed portals as an entrance area. As an independent architectural structure, the sacristy has its own facade . It is structured by windows and decorated with ornaments . The verge decorated with a frieze as Giebelgesims . The building edges with the consoles above are made of sandstone .
Bells
The church from 1571 had a ridge turret in the west of the gable roof, in which a small bell initially hung, to which a larger one was added in 1642. In 1714 they were cast into three bells. The smallest bell was hung in the roof turret, which also held the tower clock . The two larger bells hung in a free-standing belfry in front of the gable . In 1728 these bells were given a more favorable location in a bell tower on the local mountain . None of the original bells have survived today. A bell from 1726 that had escaped delivery in the two world wars was sold in 1951 because it had cracked. The municipality procured a ring from three cast steel bells weighing 795 kg, 442 kg and 290 kg for the bell tower and one weighing 183 kg for the roof tower , which, however, proved to be too heavy in the long run and therefore was replaced by a lighter bronze bell in 1968 was replaced.
The church has a roof tower on a square base, on which an octagonal Welsche dome with a lantern was placed. In 1880 the dilapidated roof tower was renewed in the same shape. The tower hood, which was originally covered with slate , received a copper roof waterproofing in 1986 .
There were several tower clocks , the first around 1600 in the roof turret, a second in 1829 and a third in 1912 in the roof tower. The now existing, electronically controlled clock was installed in 1984.
inner space
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The interior of the church presents itself as a hall with two galleries. A lot of wood was used in the interior work. 52 wooden pillars alone support the galleries and the ceiling . In the east, the galleries follow the floor plan of the choir room. The lower gallery is circumferential and forms a balcony for the mighty organ due to the widening in the west , the upper gallery is interrupted at this point.
Pulpit altar
The pulpit altar stands in the center of the interior . The pulpit was installed above the altar in 1736 for reasons of space. The sound cover was remade in 1736 using old parts. The altarpiece from the time after the fire of 1667 rises above the simple cafeteria , which replaced an older one in 1962. The sculpture in the middle is a crucifixion group with the crucifix on a skull . The evangelist Luke and the evangelist John are arranged to the side. Slightly smaller figures next to the pulpit represent Mark and Matthew .
Baptismal font
For baptism served to 1674, only an upside altar shell that has been brought out for the performance of baptism. In 1713 a baptismal angel was donated, which hung on a rope in front of the altar and was lowered during baptisms. In his right hand he held the baptismal bowl hanging on three chains. As early as the end of the 18th century, the construction was seen as a danger to visitors to the church. In 1801, a frame was made from a piece of wood for the baptismal bowl and the baptismal angel was banished to the attic . The octagonal baptismal font now set up in the choir area , the richly decorated shaft of which is made from one piece, was created in 1912 as a replacement for the baptismal frame from 1801. The baptismal font was thoroughly restored in 1992 and hung again in the choir above the basin.
organ
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The first organ was from 1625. When marauding troops set fire to the city on September 12, 1641, the church was also destroyed. A positive was initially borrowed for the rebuilt church , which was replaced in 1680 by a new organ from Martin Vater. This was replaced in 1859 by a work by the Herzberg organ builder Johann Andreas Engelhardt . The instrument had two manuals and a pedal . In 1912 the organ was converted in terms of sound and technology by the Emil Hammer Orgelbau company and set back about 1.5 meters on the gallery to make room for the choir.
In 1946 the Giesecke company made a sound improvement. In 1957 work was carried out again by the Hammer company. All of these works do not put the instrument in a satisfactory condition. In order to improve the technical and tonal condition of the organ, Paul Ott carried out a further repair and tonal redesign in 1974/75 . But there were still serious shortcomings, especially in the area of sound. Another repair was out of the question.
In 1983 the organ building workshop Rudolf Janke received the order to reuse parts of the Engelhardt organ to build a new building with 22 registers . Because of the extremely difficult acoustic conditions in the church, the instrument had to be moved back to its original location in order to ensure better sound radiation in the church. The case of the existing organ was completed and the manuals, the wind systems of the main mechanism and pedal, as well as parts of the pipework were reused. The entire action mechanism as well as the governing mechanism have been remade. The upper work received a new wind chest to accommodate the somewhat enlarged register inventory. The wind chest was made with two wedge bellows and oak wood channels. The prospectus was reused after processing.
The disposition is as follows:
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literature
- Karin Hösch: St. Andreas Church in Bad Lauterberg in the Harz Mountains. Passau 1995.
- Rüdiger Röhricht: The St. Andreas Church in Bad Lauterberg. In: The churches in the Evangelical Lutheran Church District Herzberg. Herzberg 2002.
- Hans-Ulrich Funk: The new Janke organ in the St. Andreas Church in Bad Lauterberg in the Harz region. Bad Lauterberg?.
- H. Bode: We greet all visitors with information about the history of our St. Andrew's Church. Bad Lauterberg?.
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 37 ′ 46.9 ″ N , 10 ° 28 ′ 0.2 ″ E