St. Brigida (Legden)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
View from the west
View from the west of the main entrance

The Catholic parish church of St. Brigida is a listed church building on the church square in Legden , in the Borken district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ). It has been the parish church for St. Margareta (Asbeck) since 2008 .

history

The parish of St. Brigida in Legden in the diocese of Münster was probably separated from the parish of Heek during the reign of Bishop Hermann I in the first half of the 11th century . The Asbeck parish was spun off as early as the late 11th century . St. Brigida was under the archdeaconate of the abbess of Asbeck Abbey . In 1173 the church and the parish of Bishop Ludwig I von Wippra were incorporated into Asbeck Abbey. This incorporation ended with the dissolution of the monastery in 1805.

In the Middle Ages belonged to the parish of the village Legden and the peasantry Beikelort, Haulingort, Isingort and defense.

The parish belongs since 1 July 1976 for the deanery Ahaus in the district Borken Deanery of the Diocese of Münster and in 2008 with the parish of St. Margaret in Asbeck to the parish of St. Brigida-St. Margareta Legden merges.

First church

A previous single-nave building from around 1100 was excavated in 1976. Usually the church square was chosen near a noble court. In this case, the choice fell on the Meitenberg, which was near the Lord of Lecden . The first building was a single-nave hall building, the side walls of which were in line with the current central aisle arcades. The eastern end could not be proven with certainty, it was probably in the area of ​​today's choir. The roof was covered with slate, this is evidenced by a pronounced layer of chippings found during the excavations. The church was destroyed by fire.

Watchtower

In order to protect the church, according to an order of the Emperor Constantine, an umbrella bailiff was employed at every church, whose task it was to ensure security. A watchtower was built on the church square. It was a square stone building eight meters long and two meters thick. The tower was accessed through an entrance on the east side, which led into the strongly vaulted ground floor. Here were the stables for the horses and the place to stay for the dogs. A narrow staircase in the north wall made it possible to climb to the upper floors. The upper storeys could be supplied via a hatch in the middle of the vault that could be closed from above. The doors could be locked with crossbars. The watchtower was a landmark of the town until 1905.

Today's church

The late Romanesque step hall made of ashlar masonry with a just closed choir was built in the second third of the 13th century. The building was changed in 1905. The original defense tower was demolished and replaced by the Mainz cathedral master builder Ludwig Becker with a neo-Romanesque transept with a double tower facade , the design language of which adapted to the existing building.

Exterior construction

View from the south-east of the southern side entrance

On the exterior, the parts are clearly distinguishable from one another. The central nave is slightly raised above the pent roofs of the side aisles. The apses of the aisles have been retracted, the northern one was removed when a sacristy was added in 1969 by A. Wöhrmann, Münster . The building is richly decorated with pilaster strips , profiled cornices and arched friezes on the gables and eaves . The staggered group of three windows at the east end is covered by a blind arch. Much of this design resembles that of the building of St. John the Baptist (Billerbeck) .

The gable of the vestibule of the former main entrance in the south, also called paradise , has been renewed. The arcade on its east side was originally open , as in the paradise of St. Paulus Cathedral (Münster) . The portal carries a trefoil arch on slender, coupled columns whose capitals with gelängtem Rank - and foliage are ornamented.

On the north side, the building is accessible through a gabled, double-stepped round arch portal with set columns, round bulges and a circumferential ornament band.

inner space

Church interior
The choir windows. In the center is the 13th century Wurzel Jesse window

The cross pillars with half-column templates, in the interior of the two-bay hall in the bound system , are decorated with tendril and foliage capitals. The domical vault rests on the corner services of the main supports and on the parapet ribs of the intermediate supports. The staggered group of three windows is framed by columns and bulges. The narrow central window, like the eastern shield arch, is ogival. The central window of the choir is a work from around 1230. It is the oldest completely preserved glass window in Westphalia and one of the outstanding examples of late Romanesque glass painting. The window with a representation of the root of Jesse was Monument of the Month in Westphalia-Lippe in March 2016. The two flanking side windows are work by Victor von der Forst from 1867.

Furnishing

  • The angel with the crucified is probably late Gothic , it was probably heavily renewed.
  • The Pietà was donated in 1677 and restored in 1877.
  • The stone Pietà, standing on a coat of arms console in the south porch, is marked 1706.
  • The wooden figure of St. Nepomuk stands on a stone rococo console . It is marked 1748 and is probably a work by Johann Christoph Manskirsch .
  • The Stations of the Cross made of Baumberger sandstone by JB Hessel are marked 1878.
  • The epitaph of Johanna von Capelle is marked 1476. The stone relief represents St. Gregory's mass.
  • The epitaph of the couple Rötger (Rüdiger) Menke and Anna Ising is marked 1691 and 1703. It shows the donor couple kneeling in front of the crucified.
  • The carved door in the vestibule was made around 1800.
  • The reliquary of St. Brigida, in the form of a silver-chased figure, dates from the second half of the 14th century.

organ

The organ was built by the organ building company Romanus Seifert & Sohn (Kevelaer). The purely mechanical slider chest instrument has 29 registers on two manuals and a pedal.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
01. Drone 16 ′
02. Principal 08th'
03. Viola da gamba 0 08th'
04th Dumped 08th'
05. octave 04 ′
06th Reed flute 04 ′
07th Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
08th. Super octave 02 ′
09. third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
10. Mixture IV 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
11. Trumpet 08th'
Tremulant
II Swell C – g 3
12. Wooden flute 08th'
13. Dolce 08th'
14th Beat (from c 0 ) 0 08th'
15th Principal 04 ′
16. Transverse flute 04 ′
17th Gemshorn 02 ′
18th Fifth 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
19th Sesquialter (from c 0 ) 0 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Fittings IV 02 ′
21st Cor anglais 16 ′
22nd Cromorne 08th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
23. Contrabass 16 ′
24. Sub bass 16 ′
25th Octavbass 08th'
26th Dacked bass 08th'
27. Rauschpfeife IV 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
28. trombone 16 ′
29 Clairon 04 ′
  • Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P

Bells

No.
 		 Surname
 		 Casting year
 		 Caster
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Nominal
 		 Remarks
 
1 Brigida 1976 Alexius Petit , Gescher 1390 d 1 Transcriptions: weck brigida with a strong tone for the good and the sky crown , as well as the myn th first maal forgot umpteen alexius Petit .
The bell is rung along with the other three bells at high feasts and processions and serves as a death knell.
2 Maria 1525 probably Wolter Westerhues , Münster 1230 it 1 Transcription: Appellor Mara mea vox et demones arcet et tempestates quaslibet aereas. Nomen est Maria. Anno domini MCCCCCXXV (I am called Maria. My voice keeps away the demons and all storms of the air. My name is Maria. In the year of the Lord 1525).
3 Brigida 1525 probably Wolter Westerhues , Münster 1050 f 1 Transcription: Nunc brigida praeclara tui fuga noxia quaeque alice terrigenas ad tua templa cito, patrona nostra. Anno Domini MCCCCCXXV (Well Brigida, you famous, drive away everything harmful from yourselves and quickly call the inhabitants of the earth to your sanctuaries, due, our patron saint. In the year of the Lord 1525).
The bell also served as a fire bell. In earlier times the rope of this bell reached down to the lower floor so that anyone could ring the bell in case of danger.
4th Gabriel 1957 Feldmann & Marschel , Münster 970 as 1 Inscription: Gabriel vocor ave maria loquor (My name is Gabriel and I proclaim Ave Maria).
This bell had two predecessors that were melted down during the wars.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gertrud Sälker in 750 years Legden St. Brigida , published by the Catholic. Parish Office St. Brigida, 1985, pages 13 and 14
  2. ↑ Gertrud Sälker in 750 years Legden St. Brigida , published by the Catholic. St. Brigida Parish Office, 1985, page 14
  3. ↑ Monument of the Month March 2016: The Root Jesse Window in Legden ( Memento of the original from April 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lwl.org
  4. ↑ Reclams Art Guide, Volume III, Rheinlande und Westfalen, Baudenkmäler, 1975, ISBN 3-15-008401-6 , pp. 449 and 450. Photo and exhibition information: LWL (accessed October 1, 2014)
  5. ↑ More information about the organ

Web links

Commons : St. Brigida (Legden)  - Collection of images

Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′ 48.7 "  N , 7 ° 6 ′ 17.5"  E