St. Peter and Paul (Andermatt)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Andermatt in the canton of Uri was built between 1601 and 1602 and was rebuilt and expanded at the end of the 17th and mid-18th centuries. The church, designed in the Baroque style , is one of the most important churches in the canton of Uri.
history
The first church in Andermatt, St. Columban, was built around 1100 as a separate church of the Disentis Monastery at the foot of the Nätschen on the way to the Oberalp Pass . The church was the parish church for the entire Urserental . A pastor is first documented for 1203. Around 1400, as part of the relocation of the settlement area from Andermatt, due to frequent avalanches at the foot of the Gurschen, a new St. Peter village chapel followed.
The foundation stone for a new parish church was laid on September 12, 1601. The construction work according to plans by the builder Johannes Schmid from Hospental was completed in 1602. The consecration by the Chur bishop Johann Flugi followed in 1607. In the middle of 1700 the parish was canonically separated from the monastery of Disentis and in 1688 the pastoral care was entrusted to the Capuchin order .
In 1694 the builders Bartholomäus Schmid from Andermatt and Ignazius von Flüe from Unterwalden supervised the construction of an extensive extension. These included the new building and expansion of the choir , the construction of the transept and the sacristy and the enlargement of the nave .
The growing population required an extension of the nave from 1748 to 1750. The re-consecration by Bishop Johannes Baptist Anton von Federspiel was on July 1, 1759. A renovation was carried out in 1766 after a village fire. An extensive renovation followed from 1903 to 1905. This also included a neo-baroque redesign by the Andermatt architect Georges Meyer. Among other things, the baroque ceiling paintings were replaced by new creations. From 1990 to 1996, the architect Ruedi Kreienbühl from Andermatt oversaw the restoration of the facade and interior, largely restoring the original spatial impression of the 18th century.
Building description
The parish church stands on the northwestern edge of the town center in the middle of the cemetery. Striking the western, triaxial is gabled façade with a triangular pediment with all-round blind arch fries . The side fields are framed by corner pilasters with Ionic capitals , free-standing columns made of gray granite and a protruding cornice . In the lower area there are niches with wooden figures of the church patrons Peter and Paul . Above that there is a narrow, segmental arched window and a square blind arch arcade in Tuscan order . In the middle of the gable is the entrance portal, consisting of a triangular gable supported by Tuscan columns. Above it there is a blind arch with a keystone bearing the coat of arms of the Urseren Valley, the bear, a three-part window with a segmental arch and a round arch niche with a Madonna figure.
The long sides of the nave are also structured by Tuscan pilasters with capitals and blind arcades. The two western axes have two segment-arched windows arranged one above the other. The third axis is designed as a risalit with corner pilasters and a double arcade as well as two narrow windows arranged side by side.
The facade of the slender church tower in the northeast corner is structured in the lower part by white, smooth wall surfaces and gray square corner templates. The upper floors have square wall surfaces and arched sound windows. The top of the tower is a red helmet with four corner pyramids and a small octagonal lantern.
The nave has four bays and is covered by barrel vaults with stitch caps . Pilasters with stuccoed rocaille capitals and profiled cornice segments for the vault supports structure the walls. In the first yoke is the organ gallery , which is supported by two round wooden supports and has a baluster with attached latticework and curved rocailles. On the back wall of the gallery, an extension of the organ prospectus is painted to visually simulate a larger organ. The third yoke is shaped like a transept with flat side chapels. The fourth, shorter yoke forms a broad arch with diagonally placed wall pillars as the transition to the choir. This has two bays and is spanned by a barrel vault and in the polygonal end by a hemisphere with stitch caps.
Most of the stucco work was created around 1750. The rocailles with rococo ornaments include massive, curly cartouches and fine shell-work ornaments . In the nave, it also serves as a frame for the fresco medallions that were created in 1904. The middle ceiling paintings of the nave show the conversion of Paul , the Assumption of Mary , the glory of rays with the Holy Trinity surrounded by angel heads and Christ with the disciples at the Sea of Galilee . The central cartouche in the choir is framed by a fresco by Johann Danner from Lucerne depicting the birth of Christ .
Furnishing
The high altar dates from 1716 and is the work of the Valais sculptor Johann Ritz and his son Jodok. On the cafeteria of the altar is a neo-baroque tabernacle from 1912. The altar top consists of three winding pillars with capitals decorated with acanthus tendrils. On the outer columns there are angel figures, on the middle figures Saint Felix and Regula . The inner columns carry a segmented gable with the coat of arms of the Urseren valley. Above that, there are two further, similarly designed floors. The altar paintings were created by the Zug painter Johannes Brandenburg. The main picture depicts the coronation of Mary by the Holy Trinity. Above it is a smaller altar piece that shows the martyrdom of St. Ursula . In the extract there is a picture niche with a figure of the Immaculate . Round-arched passages, on which life-size figures of the church patrons Peter and Paul stand, flank the main altar.
The side altars are on the choir arch and were built in the middle of the 18th century. The altarpieces are made of stucco marble decorated with rocaille ornaments. Two columns on high plinths frame a central niche and carry a cornice with the Urschner family coat of arms. Above this there is a curved extension with a segmented gable, a halo and angels. On each of the canteens of the altars there is a baroque head reliquary with skull fragments. It is said to be relics of the Zurich city patrons Felix and Regula , which were brought to Andermatt after the Reformation . The right altar shows a baroque Madonna figure that comes from the Andermatt foreign hospital. The white and golden figures on the side are St. John and St. Veronica . In the left altar there is a statue of St. Joseph . The side figures are Saint Dominic and Saint Catherine of Siena .
In 1876 the altars were placed in the transept niches. The left altar shows a figure of Saint Anthony in the central niche, a work from 1699. To the side are Saints Anthony the Hermit and Magdalena . The right altar has a baroque figure of Francis of Assisi in the middle , framed by Saints Ignatius of Loyola (or Charles Borromeo ) and Francis Xavier (or Julius ).
The pulpit consists of an octagonal basket with curved cassette fields and at the corners statues of the church fathers Athanasius , Basilius , Gregory and Hieronymus . The coat of arms of the Regli family is on the cornice of the sound cover. Above it are the evangelist symbols and a trumpet angel with the prophetic word "Ossa arida audite verbum Domini" (you withered bones, hear the word of the Lord; Book of Ezekiel (Ezekiel) - Chapter 37 - verse 4) on the shield.
The choir arch crucifix is an expressive work by the Arther artist Johannes Zai from the year 1694. The font bears the year 1582. The stone chalice is decorated with tracery forms and the coat of arms of the Ursern valley.
organ
An organ was already there at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1694, the Zug organ builder Joseph Bossart installed a new organ with ten stops on a manual and pedal , which was moved to the west in 1750 as part of the extension of the nave. In 1756 a new organ was built or the existing organ was converted, presumably by Bossart's workshop. Ten years later, the organ case was replaced after a fire. In 1831 an overhaul and cleaning was carried out. In the 20th century, the organ was also expanded from 10 to 16 registers. In 1905 Kuhn from Männedorf built a new instrument with 18 stops on two manuals and a pedal. The case and prospectus from Bossart and some stops from the organ from Klingler were still used. A revision followed in 1936. In 1996 Mathis Orgelbau from Näfels installed a new instrument with 24 registers on 2 manuals and a pedal. The old, restored Bossart prospectus from 1696 has been preserved.
Bells
Six bells hang in the tower. The oldest, the old bell, is the second largest and was cast in 1767. The youngest, the Agatha bell, is the second smallest and dates from 1994, the remaining four were purchased at the beginning of the 20th century.
literature
- Jutta Betz, Gregor Peda: Churches and chapels of Andermatt. Editor of the Catholic Parish Office Andermatt. Peda Art Guide, No. 374. Peda Art Publishing House, Passau 1996, ISBN 3-89643-030-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.andermatt.ch/de/Kultur-Urserntal/pfarrkirche-sankt-peter-und-paul-andermatt
- ↑ a b c d Jutta Betz, Gregor Peda: Churches and chapels of Andermatt. Editor of the Catholic Parish Office Andermatt. Peda-Kunstführer, No. 374. Kunstverlag Peda, Passau 1996, ISBN 3-89643-030-0 , pp. 3-19.
- ^ Organ directory Switzerland and Liechtenstein Organ profile Catholic Church Peter and Paul Andermatt UR
Coordinates: 46 ° 38 '1.7 " N , 8 ° 35' 40.5" E ; CH1903: 688 514 / 165 380