Stephan of Austria
Stephan Franz Viktor , Archduke of Austria (born September 14, 1817 in Buda , † February 19, 1867 in Menton ), was a son of Archduke Joseph and his second wife, Princess Hermine von Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym . He was the twin brother of Hermine Amelie Marie of Austria . Stephan belonged to the Hungarian branch of the House of Habsburg-Lothringen and was a paternal grandson of Emperor Leopold II.
Life
He became the civil governor of Bohemia in December 1843 . After the death of his father in 1847 he was appointed Deputy Palatine of Hungary and in November of the same year he was given this dignity through the election of the Reichstag and the confirmation of the Emperor. As a result of the March events in 1848, his position against both the national party and the Austrian government became untenable, especially after he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Hungarian army against Jelačić by the Reichstag in September . He therefore renounced the Palatinate on September 24, 1848, retired to his possessions in Nassau , the county of Holzappel-Schaumburg , in 1850 and died of consumption in Menton on February 19, 1867, leaving no children behind. His tomb, like that of all Hungarian palatines, is in the Palatine Crypt in Budapest .
Stephan von Österreich was one of the most famous mineral collectors of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, whose interest in minerals awoke at the age of five. After his political training at the Imperial Court in Vienna, he undertook extensive tours of discovery through the empire and during this time used every opportunity to visit famous mineral museums and well-known mineral sites to expand his collection through his own finds or purchases. In 1845 the well-known mineralogist Wilhelm Ritter von Haidinger honored his efforts in mineralogy by naming an important silver mineral and ore after him as stephanite .
In 1857 he became a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . The mineralogical collection of Stephen of Austria contained around 20,000 samples when he died in 1867 and was estimated to be worth 300,000 marks, which was enormous for the time. After Stephen's death, the mineral collection was transferred to the Oldenburg house and was expanded until it was sold to the entrepreneur Carl Rumpff in 1888 . After his death in 1889, the collection was finally handed over to the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin .
ancestors
Gentleman
As a registrar he belonged to the constitution of the first chamber of the estates of the Duchy of Nassau from 1852–1866 . However, he never performed the mandate personally, but was always represented. Representatives in the chamber were:
- Ludwig Freiherr von Löw von und zu Steinfurth (1852)
- Friedrich Count von Bismark (1855-1857)
- Anton Philipp Freiherr von Breidbach-Bürresheim called vom Ried (1858–1863)
- Johann Nepomuk Teng (g) Edler von Lanzensieg (1863–1866)
literature
- Archduke Stephan of Oestreich . In: Illustrirte Zeitung . No. 31 . J. J. Weber, Leipzig January 27, 1844, p. 65-66 ( books.google.de ).
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Habsburg, Stephan . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 7th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1861, pp. 150–155 ( digitized version ).
- Hanns Schlitter: Stephan (Archduke of Austria) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, pp. 71-78.
- Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , Fifth Edition, 1893–1897
- K. Vörös: Stefan (Austria) . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 4. Munich 1981, pp. 190 f.
- Nassau parliamentarians. Part 1: Cornelia Rösner: The Landtag of the Duchy of Nassau 1818–1866 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau. 59 = Prehistory and history of parliamentarism in Hesse. 16). Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1997, ISBN 3-930221-00-4 , pp. 215-216.
- A German prince in a still life of exile . In: The Gazebo . Issue 31, 1864, pp. 484-487 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
- Archduke Stephan and the district chief . In: The Gazebo . Issue 15, 1867, pp. 240 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
- Archduke Stephan and the first lieutenant . In: The Gazebo . Issue 19, 1867 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
Web links
- Entry about Stephan of Austria in the Hungarian Biographical Lexicon (MEK) of the National Széchényi Library (Hungarian)
Individual evidence
- ^ Member entry of Franz Viktor Stephan at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 20, 2016.
- ^ Stephan of Habsburg-Lothringen. The Mineralogical Record
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Joseph Anton Johann of Austria |
Palatine of Hungary 1847–1848 |
The office was no longer exercised |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Stephan of Austria |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Stephan Franz Viktor |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archduke of Austria |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 14, 1817 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Buda , Austrian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 19, 1867 |
| Place of death | Menton , Alpes-Maritimes department , France |