Toni Kirchmayr
Toni Kirchmayr (Anton Kirchmeyr) (born June 4, 1887 in Schwaz , † July 29, 1965 in Innsbruck ) was an Austrian painter and restorer .
Life
Toni Kirchmayr was born the son of a master carpenter in Schwaz, where he also attended elementary school. He received his first artistic training from 1899 to 1902 from the painter and poet Alfons Siber in Hall in Tyrol , who also came from Schwaz . He then took lessons in ornamental and fresco painting from the fresco painter Rafael Thaler in Innsbruck until 1903 and completed another year in the private painting school Moritz Weinhold in Munich .
On October 28, 1905, he began studying at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich , first in the graphics class of Peter Halms , then until 1908 with Martin Feuerstein and Wilhelm Diez . Kirchmayr studied against his father's will and without financial support, which is why he had several secondary jobs. He was the headmaster of the Heymann painting school, carried out decorative and handicraft paintings for publishers and worked in the summer as an assistant to church painters and restorers, which enabled him to acquire knowledge of fresco painting. He had to interrupt his studies in 1908/1909 for military service. After completing his studies in 1910, he settled as a freelance artist in Innsbruck.
During the First World War he was sent to the front in Galicia in 1914 , where he was wounded and taken to the hospital in Lemberg . In 1915 he was wounded again and suffered a serious infection in the hospital in Eger . Then he was posted to the "light duty" as a war grave inspector and prisoner transport attendant.
Shortly after the end of the First World War, in January 1919, he founded the Toni Kirchmayr painting and drawing school in Innsbruck, which existed until his death and became the most important artistic training facility in Tyrol. During the Second World War he was drafted into the Reich Labor Service in Prague in 1943, the painting school was closed in 1944 and reopened in 1946. In 1950 his name was changed from Kirchmeyr to Kirchmayr by the state government based on an old document . In 1957 he was given the professional title of professor .
His son Anton Kirchmayr (* 1940) is also active as an artist today under the artist name Anton Christian .
Painting and drawing school
On January 3, 1919, Toni Kirchmayr opened the private drawing and painting school for women and men in his studio in Erlerstraße . At first he taught drawing and painting in all techniques on his own. As early as May 1919, students founded the Vereinigung der Kirchmeyr-Schüler ( Association of Kirchmeyr Students) , which, in addition to jointly cultivating art, had the aim of expanding and promoting the art school. In the school year 1919/20, new courses in performing arts, graphics and applied arts were offered. Kirchmayr was supported by teachers from the University of Innsbruck , the School of Applied Arts and freelance artists, including Richard Quandest , Rose Bayer and Artur Nikodem . In addition, courses were offered for children from 6 years of age. However, a planned department for sculpture under the direction of Virgil Rainer did not materialize. The expansion of the offer and the large number of students from 70 to 100 required the move to the vacant Stöckl building of the Chamber of Commerce in Meinhardstrasse. In 1920 there was a large exhibition of student works in the exhibition room in the Taxispalais , which was opened by Governor Josef Schraffl and which received a great response in the press. In the same year, the city of Innsbruck made the entire first floor of the Ferrari Palais available to the school.
At the suggestion of the Vice-Rector Ferdinand Andri , a branch of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna for fresco techniques was to be established in the school . Additional teachers were Max von Esterle , Ernst Nepo , Theodor Prachensky and Franz Santifaller . The plan failed due to internal management disputes, but had the consequence that the school was granted public rights in October 1923 , but also that the premises in the Ferrari Palais had to be given up again. As a replacement, Kirchmayr was given the hall on the second floor of the Old Town Hall , where lessons continued until the end of the school's existence. The art school was closed in 1944, but reopened shortly after the end of World War II. With Kirchmayr's death in 1965, the public rights granted to him became extinct. Since the city wanted to use the premises differently, attempts to continue the school failed.
The Kirchmayr School was an important training facility, which was completed by a large number of the well-known Tyrolean artists of the interwar and post-war period before attending an academy. The students include Francesco Demetz la Rives , Hans Ebensperger, Franz Xaver Hauser , Martin Häusle , Inge Höck , Konrad Honold , Oswald Kollreider , Elmar Kopp , Hilde Nöbl , Hermann Pedit , Josef Prantl , Ernst Schroffenegger , Gottlieb Schuller , Norbert Strolz and Andreas Weissenbach .
plant
Toni Kirchmayr created a versatile oeuvre that ranges from landscapes , interiors and still lifes in oil to ornamentation and decorative art to large-format wall and ceiling frescoes. The landscape painting shows modern, expressive colors with echoes of the artist group Die Scholle . Kirchmayr showed a special talent as a portraitist .
Modern tendencies are particularly evident in his first creative period between 1910 and approx. 1925. A high point of this period are the frescoes of the pilgrimage church in Locherboden, created in 1915/16 . At the time, these aroused anger for being too “modern”, as they were far removed from the baroque or Nazarene style that was often still predominant , but secessionist , original and inventive in structure. The example of Art Nouveau and the Pre-Raphaelites is particularly evident in the floral decor . In his later creative phases, Kirchmayr increasingly turned to restoration work and tended more and more in a traditional neo-baroque direction.
Works (selection)
- Pilgrimage church Maria Locherboden in Mötz (frescoes, 1914–1916)
- Chapel of the Cross at the Waldfriedhof Tummelplatz in Innsbruck (frescoes, 1917)
- St. Leonhard Church near Brixen (frescoes, 1920)
- War memorial Sand in Taufers (fresco, 1925)
- Weerberg War Memorial (frescoes, 1925)
- Auffach parish church in Wildschönau (ceiling frescoes, 1925)
- Parish church hl. Vitus in Fulpmes (high altar, 1928)
- Parish Church of Mary Candlemas in Bach (frescoes, 1929)
- Parish church in Wenns (choir vault, 1929)
- Kreuzbichl Chapel in Vomp (around 1930)
- Filial church Maria Schnee in Afling (ceiling frescoes, 1931)
- Parish church of St. Nicholas in Neumarkt am Wallersee (ceiling fresco, 1938)
- Zams Parish Church (ceiling frescoes, 1941)
- Parish Church Fügen (ceiling fresco, 1943)
- Schlössl in Inzing (painting, 1947)
- Parish Church Thierbach (ceiling fresco in the choir, 1953)
- Chaplaincy Church of St. Martin in Namlos (ceiling frescoes, 1956)
- At the Oberbildgut in Lana frescoes: Immaculata, three harvest scenes and sundial
literature
- Kirchmayr, Toni . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 3 : K-P . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1956, p. 49 .
- Gert Ammann (Ed.): Toni Kirchmayr 1887–1965. Paintings - drafts - drawings. Tyrolean State Museum, Innsbruck 1985
- Ellen Hastaba: Tyrolean artist 1927 . Wagner: Innsbruck 2002 (= Schlern writings 319)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 03026 Anton Kirchmeyr , register book 1884–1920 of the Academy of Fine Arts Munich
- ↑ Martin Laimer, Simon Peter Terzer: Baudenkmäler in Lana , ed. Marktgemeinde Lana, 2016 p. 234 (PDF)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kirchmayr, Toni |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian painter and restorer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 4, 1887 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | black |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 29, 1965 |
| Place of death | innsbruck |