Totma

city Totma Тотьма flag coat of arms Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Vologda Rajon Totma mayor Nikolai Lyssanov First mention 1137 City since 1780 surface 8  km² population 9785 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1223 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 130  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 81739 Post Code 161300 License Plate 35 OKATO 19 246 501 Website www.totma.vologda.ru Geographical location Coordinates 59 ° 59 ′  N , 42 ° 46 ′  E Coordinates: 59 ° 59 ′ 0 ″  N , 42 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Vologda Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Totma ( Russian Тотьма ) is a city in northwestern Russia . It is located in the Vologda Oblast and has 9,785 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located about 220 km northwest of the oblast capital Vologda on the Suchona , the left headwaters of the Northern Dvina . The closest town is Soligalitsch 103 km south of Totma.

Totma is the administrative center of the Rajons of the same name .

history

Totma with Suchona

Former sumorin monastery near Totma

Totma was first mentioned in a Novgorod document in 1137 . At that time the village was a few kilometers downstream and was subordinate to the Novgorod prince. The place name, however, is of Finno-Ugric origin, which, together with corresponding archaeological finds, indicates the original settlement of the present-day urban area by the Merja and related tribes.

After salt deposits were developed on the Suchona in the 15th or 16th century , Totma was rebuilt at its current location as Possad . Despite raids by Tartars , Totma gained economic importance due to the salt production and the location on a trade route, which continued to develop over the next centuries: In the 17th century, over 300 tons of salt were mined here every year. The economic prosperity of Totma allowed the construction of new churches and the Sumorin monastery in the 16th century, which has been partially preserved until today.

Totma reached the height of its heyday by the 18th century through the development of various crafts. In 1780 it received city rights and nine years later its own city coat of arms. It was also the well-known merchants of Totma who financed a number of northern sea expeditions under the Russian flag in the late 18th century (including the voyage of the seafarer Ivan Kuskow , also from Totma, who founded the Russian fortress of Fort Ross in California ).

From the end of the 18th century, Totma lost its former importance, as the old trade routes on which it was located were no longer used so heavily. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the city served as a place of exile , including for well-known revolutionaries such as Lunacharsky and Molotov .

In 1937 Totma and the associated district were incorporated into the Vologda Oblast.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	4,947
1926	5,464
1939	6,917
1959	7,929
1970	8,465
1979	9,336
1989	10,622
2002	10,531
2010	9,785

Note: census data

economy

Totma has relatively little industry: there are forestry companies and smaller manufacturers from the light industry and food sector. A natural gas pipeline runs near Totma. The former salt production is hardly of any importance today.

sons and daughters of the town

• Ivan Kuskow (1765–1823), navigator
• Antoni Wiwulski (1877–1919), architect and sculptor

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

Commons : Totma  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Full history of the city (Russian)
• Totma on mojgorod.ru (Russian)