Ulrich Halbreiter

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Ulrich Halbreiter (born July 11, 1812 in Freising , † November 26, 1877 in Munich ) was a German history painter, silver worker, song collector and composer.

Life

After the father, a Freising beer host, had moved the family's residence to Munich, Ulrich Halbreiter and his brother Michael attended elementary school in Munich. The entry of the 14-year-old into the Munich Royal Academy of Art is documented on November 17, 1826 . Here he also trained in history painting with the history painter Johann Schlotthauer . In 1834 he accompanied his teacher on a study trip to Northern Italy. Under Heinrich Maria von Hess he then worked on the painting of the St. Boniface Basilica and under Peter von Cornelius on the painting of the Ludwigskirche in Munich. In 1840 he traveled with senior building officer Friedrich von Gärtner , the painters Joseph Kranzberger (1814–1844), Claudius Schraudolph the Elder. Ä. , Joseph Schwarzmann and 10 assistants, as well as the architects Friedrich Bürklein , Franz Xaver Beyschlag (1817–1866), Karl Friedrich Andreas Klumpp (1811–1885), Otto von Langenmantel and Eduard Riedel to Athens, where he worked on the wall paintings of 1842–1843 Palace for King Otto of Greece . At the end of 1843, Halbreiter traveled via Smyrna to Constantinople , Alexandria and Cairo and on horseback via Gaza, Jaffa and Ramlah to Jerusalem , where he drew the city panorama. By sea he continued the journey to Kaipha (Haifa) and with a camel ride over Nazareth, Kana (Kafr Kana), Akkon and Sidon to Beirut. There he joined a caravan to Damascus and returned to Beirut via Baalbeck. Among other things, portraits for English travelers were created here. Once again, Halbreiter reached the island of Cyprus by sea, on to Smyrna (Izmir) and finally to the Cycladic island of Syros . In early 1844 he traveled via Malta to Sicily (Syracuse, Catania, Messina) and from Palermo via Naples to Rome. In 1845 he returned to Munich. He married Anna Maria Sanktjohanser (born April 15, 1813 in Munich, † March 26, 1898 in Munich), daughter of the self-employed silver worker and house owner in Munich, Georg Sanktjohanser, and took over his father-in-law's workshop for jewelry and decorative objects after the death of his father-in-law, Pearl and gemstone settings in Munich, Dienerstraße 5. He joined his own company "Sanktjohanser's Erben" as an apprentice and passed the journeyman's examination as well as the master's examination in silver craft. Since 1854 he was also the teacher of his nephew Adolf Halbreiter . His son Bernhard Halbreiter became a sculptor.

Halbreiter was a member of the Munich Association for Christian Art .

Ulrich Halbreiter had a good singing voice and took part as a singer in corresponding performances. A selection of his collection of Bavarian folk songs and his own compositions was published in 1839 under the title “Bavarian Mountain Songs”; a short cycle of “Soldiers Fishing”, composed by Paul Zipperer, 1848.

In 1947 the Alpspitzstraße in the Munich district of Solln was renamed Halbreiterstraße .

tomb

Grave of Ulrich Halbreiter on the old southern cemetery in Munich location

The tomb of Ulrich half tab is located on the old southern cemetery in Munich (burial ground 8 - number 10 - Place 34/35) Location .

Exhibitions

  • Munich annual exhibition 1851 (list of works by local and foreign artists who are at this year's art exhibition organized by the KBAcademy of Fine Arts. Munich, Schurich, 1851): Painting, No. 99: The Assumption of Mary, large altarpiece; No. 100: Scenes from the Greek fight for freedom. Carton, as part of the frieze which was made in fresco in the new royal residence at Athens; No. 101: The adoration of the newborn world savior by the kings and shepherds. Watercolor sketch for an altarpiece; No. 102: The view from the balcony of the k.residenz in Athens; Lithographs. No. 387-392: Borum, Andr. and Carl Lebschée, in Munich: 6 sheets with 90 views of Palestine and Syria based on the sketches by Halbreiter.
  • Munich Annual Exhibition 1858: Copies (scaled down) based on altarpieces in England and for the Arco Valley Castle Chapel in Ried am Inn.

Works

Wall painting:

  • Collaboration on the painting of the Ludwigskirche in Munich: Order donors , fresco in the cross vault of the transept, design by Peter Cornelius, cardboard by Joseph Kranzberger; Patriarchs and prophets , frescoes in the choir, design by Peter Cornelius, with the collaboration of Kranzberger, Lang and Lacher; Church fathers Hieronymus as cardinal with the lion , Ambrosius as bishop with the beehive , fresco on the ceiling of the side choir to the left of the high altar, based on a design and cardboard by Karl Heinrich Hermann .
  • 1842–1843: Scenes from the liberation struggles of Greece based on designs by Ludwig von Schwanthaler : Battle of Karbonissi (portrait of the son of Marko Bozzari), devastation of Morea under Ibrahim Pascha , defense of Missolunghi and collaboration on other groups of figures, red on black background for the dance hall; with Thomas Guggenberger , Joseph Scherer and Franz Wurm from Munich.
  • From 1845: circular painting with the view of Jerusalem and its surroundings drawn from the Mount of Olives; with August Löffler (landscape) as well as Ferdinand Piloty (figures) and Theodor Horschelt (horses and camels). First set up in a garden in Munich's Gabelsbergerstraße and shown for a fee, then exhibited in Vienna, Berlin and Cologne. Gift to Pope Pius IX. in Rome (Lateran); Whereabouts unknown. Reproduction: copper engraving by Ruf in Zurich; Lithograph (6 sheets, each with a larger view in the middle image and fourteen smaller, framing vedute) after drawings by Carl August Lebschée and Andreas Borum .

Oil painting:

  • Portraits of the ducal family and angel heads for an altar in the Mount of Olives Chapel in Jerusalem, commissioned by Duke Max in Bavaria.
  • View from the balcony of the k. Residence in Athens , issued in Munich in 1851.
  • Maria with the child , exhibited in Munich 1854.
  • Christ in his youth , exhibited in Munich in 1854.
  • The Sacrifice of Mary , exhibited in Munich in 1854 and 1858.
  • St. Joseph caressing the boy Jesus , exhibited in Munich in 1858.
  • The feast of Pentecost ; Reproduction as an engraving by Carl Friedrich Mayr .
  • The patron saints St. Peter and St. Paul for the Regensburg Cathedral restored by Friedrich von Gärtner.
  • View of Athens , panorama from the Acropolis: formerly Munich, Neue Pinakothek.
  • St. George : Munich, Frauenkirche (cathedral).
  • "Adoration of the Shepherds", altarpiece, 1846: Erpfting , St. Michael parish church; Reproduction as a copper engraving by Alexander Rordorf .
  • Assumption of Mary , altarpiece 1851: Erbendorf, Upper Franconia, parish church of the Assumption of Mary; issued: Munich 1851 and 1854.
  • Altarpiece, 1852: Hörgertshausen, Krs. Freising, Upper Bavaria, Catholic parish church St.Jakobus the Elder (side altar).
  • St. Anna , altarpiece (1858): Sankt Martin im Innkreis, Ried district, Upper Austria, Arco-Zinneberg Castle , St Florian Chapel.

Illustrations:

  • The sweat print of the head of Christ according to the Armenian legend, drawing for the festival calendar by Franz Graf von Pocci ; 1850 birthday present from the Munich artists to King Ludwig I.
  • Initial with ornaments; 3 title pages with compositions from the rural folklore, lithographs, in: Collection of exquisite mountain songs, dedicated to His Highness Duke Maximilian in Bavaria in deep reverence. Verlag Max Ravizza, Munich 1839; new edition: Paul Ernst Rattelmüller, Joseph Keller Verlag, 1983.

Archival material

literature

  • Morning paper for educated readers / art paper. Cotta, Stuttgart and Tübingen, 1840, No. 94 (Ludwigskirche Munich); P. 143 (Regensburg Cathedral); P. 448.
  • General newspaper. Augsburg, Supplement, No. 319, November 14, 1840 (pictures for the palace in Athens).
  • Friedrich Faber (Ed.): Conservations-Lexikon für bildende Kunst. Volume 6, Leipzig 1853, p. 327.
  • General newspaper. Augsburg, supplement, August 1, 1849; No. 315, November 11, 1854; No. 251, September 7, 1864; No. 183, July 2, 1875.
  • Robert Lecke (Hrsg.): Munich papers for art, beautiful literature and entertainment. No. 35–39, Munich 1846 (travel report).
  • New Munich newspaper. Supplement, September 20, 1851 (annual exhibition, Munich 1851).
  • General newspaper. Augsburg, December 19, 1877, Supplement No. 353: Nekrolog
  • Friedrich Adolf Strauss, Otto Strauss: The countries and places of the Holy Scriptures. With hundreds of pictures based on drawings by Halbreiter, Bernaz a. a., three cards, and a cover picture by Alexander Strähuber . Leipzig: Brockhaus 1861.
  • Georg Caspar Nagler (Ed.): New general artist lexicon or news of the life and works of painters, sculptors, builders, copper engravers, form cutters, lithographers, draftsmen, medalists, ivory workers, etc. Volume 5, 1837.
  • Hyacinth Holland :  half rider, Ulrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 403 f.
  • Half rider, Ulrich. In: Friedrich von Boetticher: painter works of the 19th century. Contribution to art history. Volume 1/1, sheets 1–30: Aagaard – Heideck. Ms. v. Boetticher's Verlag, Dresden 1891, p. 450 ( archive.org ).
  • Half rider, Ulrich . In: Ulrich Thieme , Fred. C. Willis (Ed.): General lexicon of visual artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 15 : Gresse – Hanselmann . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1922, p. 498 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • A. Mayer-Pfannholz: Ulrich Halbreiter. An artist's life from the 19th century. In: 15th collective sheet of the historical association Freising. Freising 1927.
  • Bruckmann's Lexicon of Munich Art. Munich painter in the 19th century. Volume 2, Munich 1981–1983.
  • Karl Bosl (Ed.): Bavarian Biography. 1983.
  • Hermann Uhde-Bernays : Munich painting in the 19th century. 2nd part: 1850-1900. Munich 1927. Newly published by Eberhard Ruhmer . Bruckmann Munich 1983, p. 70.
  • Karl M. Klier: Ulrich Halbreiter and his mountain songs 1839. In: Singers & musicians. Journal of Musical Folk Culture. 32/3, 1989, pp. 201-204.
  • Edina Meyer-Maril: Jerusalem in large format. The 'Holy City' in 19th century German monumental painting. In: Assaph. Studies in Art History. 2, 1996, pp. 205-232.
  • Brigitte Salmen: Johann Michael Wittmer (1802-1880). Studies of life and work. Passau 2005.
  • Half rider, Ulrich . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 68, de Gruyter, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-598-23035-6 .
  • Siegfried Weiß : Art career aspiration. Painter, graphic artist, sculptor. Former students of the Munich Maximiliansgymnasium from 1849 to 1918. Allitera Verlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-86906-475-8 , p. 52.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Register book 1809–1841: 01211 Ulrich Halbreiter .
  2. ↑ Ludwig Schorn (ed.): Morning paper for educated readers. Volume 34, Edition 4, Cotta'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1840, p. 440: Supplement Kunstblatt. No. 102, December 22, 1840.
  3. ^ Association for Christian Art in Munich (ed.): Festgabe in memory of the 50th year. Anniversary. Lentner'sche Hofbuchhandlung, Munich 1910, p. 107.
personal data
SURNAME Half rider, Ulrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and silver worker
DATE OF BIRTH July 11, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Freising
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 1877
Place of death Munich