Unterberg – Jochart

Unterberg – Jochart
Northern roofing of the group with the Unterberg, from the Reisalpe
Highest peak	Unterberg ( 1342  m above sea level )
location	Mostviertel and Industrieviertel , Lower Austria
part of	Gutenstein Alps , Lower Austrian Limestone Alps
Classification according to	Trimmel  1867
Coordinates	47 ° 56 '  N , 15 ° 49'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '  N , 15 ° 49'  E
rock	Dolomite ( main dolomite ), u. a.
Age of the rock	by 220 million years ( Norium )

The Unterberg – Jochart train is a mountain group in the Gutenstein Alps , a northern pre-Alpine group in Lower Austria .

geography

Main ridge of the group around the Jochart, and the Talung area , from the south of the Obersberg

Location and landscape

The Unterberg – Jochart group is located around 30 kilometers southeast of Sankt Pölten and 35 kilometers northwest of Wiener Neustadt , between Gölsental , Schwarzatal and Piestingtal , and extends in an east-west direction about 20 km, in a north-south direction a good 15 km.

It forms the last high-montane train of the main Alpine ridge that ends towards Vienna and extends in the middle of the Gutenstein Alps. Central in the group is the 1342  m above sea level. A. high Unterberg , southwest in the main ridge the Jochart with 1266  m above sea level. A. Except for the highest, limestone peaks, the group is a gentle, wooded landscape of low mountain range .

The main ridge also forms the district boundary between Lilienfeld and Wr. Neustadt-Land , and thus the border between the Mostviertel and the industrial district .

Boundary and neighboring mountain groups

According to the Austrian mountain group structure according to Trimmel , the group has the number 1867 and belongs as a subgroup to the Gutenstein Alps  (1860, AVE  23), a subgroup of the Lower Austrian Limestone Alps  (1800).

It is bounded by Trimmel (clockwise from the northwest, border lines in italics, high and low points with kote):

• in the north the Gölsen from Rainfeld to Hainfeld to the Alpine foothills - area between Tulln and Wiener Pforte  (1917)
• in the northeast of Ramsaubach via Ramsau - Kieneckgraben (to Kote 576) - path to Bettelmannkreuz  ( 728  m above sea level ) - Ramsental - Mirabach down to Karnerwirt (north of Muggendorf and Myrafälle) to the Kieneck-Hocheck group  (1868)
• in the east briefly Mirabach further to Pernitz (confluence with the Piesting 423  m above sea level ) to the Hohe Mandling – Waxeneck group  (1869)
• in the southeast shortly Piesting up to Gutenstein to the group of the Dürren Wand  (1862)
• in the south Steinapiesting - Nesselgraben - Haselrast  ( 728  m above sea level ) - Klausbach - Rohr im Gebirge - Zellbach to Nöster ( area , mouth of the long side channel at 644  m above sea level ) to the Handlesberg – Haberkogel group  (1865)
• in the west long side channel - Kalte Kuchl  ( 728  m above sea level ) - Halbachtal via Kleinzell to the confluence with the Gölsen ( 381  m above sea level ) to the Reisalpe – Hegerberg group  (1866)

Outline and summit

• The main ridge of the group, which limits the municipality of Rohr im Gebirge and thus the uppermost Leitha area to the northwest, leads from the Kalten Kuchl over the Jochart  ( 1266  m above sea level ), the Hammerleck pass  ( 987  m above sea level ) and the Sonnstein  ( 1124  m above sea level ), the Kleinzeller Fels  ( 1061  m above sea level ), and the Griesler Gscheid pass (approx.  885  m above sea level ) to the Unterberg  ( 1342  m above sea level ). It connects the Göller-Gippel train to the Kieneck-Hocheck train and the Vienna Woods .
• The southern parallel ridge is with the Unterberg by the 1178  m above sea level. A. high pass Maria Einsiedl connected to the Unterberg refuge and separated by Rainbach and Myrabach . It goes from Rohrer Sonnstein  ( 1124  m above sea level ) along the Gutenstein – Muggendorf municipal boundary without any significant peaks to Pernitz, with the Trafelberg (Traflberg,  1146  m above sea level ) on the Myra. In the Handlesberg – Haberkogel group, the connection to the Schneeberg runs from Haselrast via Rohrer Sattel and Klostertaler Gscheid
• The northern group is mainly a gentle ridge that forms the municipality boundary between Kleinzell and Ramsau, and is divided into several different valleys. Over the deeply cutting Dürrholzer Kreuz saddle (L132  Ramsauer Straße , approx.  720  m above sea level ), the Kruckensattel  ( 1124  m above sea level ) and the Höhenberg  ( 1027  m above sea level ) it leads to the Hainfelder Kirchenberg  ( 926  m above sea level ). To the west it branches off into the Gemeindealpe  ( 1005  m above sea level ).

Hydrography and geology

The surrounding rivers also form the large catchment areas, the north is the Gölsen area of the Traisen , the south is the Schwarza area of the Leitha , southeast of the Unterberg the water goes to the Piesting der Fischa . Rainbach and Klausbach to the south follow the stratigraphy, but then break from Rohr like the whole of Schwarza southwards through the limestone Alps. The Halbach and Ramsaubach side valleys represent the stratifications of the northern flank particularly well.

The group belongs almost entirely to the Northern Limestone Alps of the Northern Alps (Eastern Alpine Permomesozoic , Triassic - Lower Cretaceous ). It is characterized by the Unterberg ceiling as a partial ceiling of the Ötscher ceiling , which stretches from Lassing over the Ötscher to the Vienna Woods, and the Reisalpen ceiling to the north that is pushed over by it . The central ridge of the group is consistently banky main dolomite (here Oberkarn - Obernor , 230–210 mya), the Nordschrofen of the Unterberg is also younger plate limestone (Norium to Rhätium , 200 mya). The slope to the south consists of the older series Gutensteiner Kalk - Wettersteinkalk - Wettersteindolomit ( anise to Ladin - Cordevol , 250–230 mya), which at Haselrast and Krumbach with a vein of Lunzer sandstone leads back to main dolomite (against Gschaiderwirt a clod in mirrored sequence back to the Plattenkalk). The north-western valley locations belong to the Opponitz blanket ( Lunzer blanket  I) and Frankenfelser blanket , and from the Gemeindealpe onwards show limestone , marl-like to sandstone bands from Opponitz -, Lunz - ( Gütenbach - and Schneidbach valley) to the Reifling formation ( Salzerbad - and Oberried valley), then Gosau in the Heugraben and Jura (" Aptychenschichten ") in the Suchtal , and then again Gutenstein with dark banks , and run out at Hainfeld in the Ybbsitzer cliff zone and the first flysch .

There are a number of caves, especially on the ridge that stretches westward from the Jochart, on and south of the Unterberg, at the southern foot of the Großenberg, on the middle Halbach, on the north flank of the Hirschkogel and the south-west flank of the Gemeindealpe as well as around Salzerbad.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The central role of the Unterberg, there called the “Gschaider” mountain range , within the easternmost northern Alps - but without naming the groups or the Gutenstein Alps as such - is already given by MV Lipold: The coal area in the northeastern Alps. Report on the localized recordings of the I. Section of the Imperial Geological Institute in the summers of 1863 and 1864. Volume I in: Jahrbuch der Kais. Kings Geologische Reichsanstalt , Volume 15, 1865, pp. 18 ff (full article, pp. 1–150) pdf , geologie.ac.at; ( Google eBook, full view ):
   "The most and most widely branched mountain range is the one whose junction is" on the Gschaid ", southeast of Kleinzell and northwest of Guttenstein."
2. ↑ Lukas Plan: Verbal description of the delimitation of the subgroups of the Austrian cave directory . Status: Jan 08 2008. Ed .: Association of Austrian Speleologists. ( hoehle.org [PDF; accessed on May 15, 2018]).
3. ↑ ^{a b} F.K. Bauer, R. Oberhauser: The geological structure of Austria. Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7091-3745-1 , p. 258, column 2 f and Tectonic map sketch of the eastern section of the Kalkalpen , p. 252 f.