Veneranda of Gaul
Veneranda of Gaul (also Venera ; * around 100 in Gaul , † around 144 in Rome ) was a virgin , messenger of faith and Christian martyr . In the Catalogus Sanctorum of the Bishop of Jesolo Pietro de 'Natali from the years 1369-1372 Veneranda is mentioned as a virgin in chapter 61, who was born in the 2nd century in Gaul (in today's France ) and in Rome during the persecution of Christians under Emperor Antoninus Pius ( 138–161) was martyred. According to the Martyrologium Romanum , she is venerated by the Catholic Church on November 14th. According to the Martyrologium Romanum , she suffered under Antoninus Pius in Gaul, her fatherland.
The cult of this saint is practiced in many places in Italy , such as: B. in Mortara in Lombardy , Sezze Romano in Latium , Ascoli Piceno , Fermignano , Pesaro and Santa Veneranda in Marche , Angellara and Moio della Civitella in Campania , Lecce in Apulia , Carfizzi , Crotone , Gerace and Pavigliana in Calabria , Acireale , Avola , grotto , Santa Venerina in Sicily and more.
The name
The name Veneranda is of Latin origin and means "worthy of worship". Little is known about Veneranda, among other things she is the only saint with that name, while there are three saints with the name Venerandus. Another interpretation of the name is a derivation of Venera , from which this venera , the day consecrated to Venus (Friday), which could indicate a Friday as a birthday.
hagiography
According to uncertain notes, Veneranda is said to have been the daughter of the Christians Agathon and Polena, grew up in the Roman province of Gaul and was brought up and taught with great care. As a virgin she devoted herself to caring for the poor and teaching and educating female catechumens . At the age of 39 she left her native Gaul and went to Rome, where she was captured and temporarily imprisoned by the prefect Asclepiades (or Asclepius) during the persecution of Christians under the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius . In different places, it was through various torture tortured and finally 144 beheaded .
Veneranda's body was buried in an arcosolium in the Catacombs of Domitilla in Rome . On the back wall there is a fresco from the 4th century. Veneranda is shown in an ornamental position , dressed in a wide dalmatic and with a veiled head. To her right are red flowers, symbolizing the paradise garden, into which she is introduced by Saint Petronilla in tunic and pallium . Petronilla points with her left hand to an open vessel with scrolls, one of which is spread open higher up. It is the symbol of the law of God that faithfully observed the deceased and thus earned the eternal reward.
Lore
Her death is shrouded in mystery. It is said that her body was first brought to Ascoli Piceno and then to Rome in the 14th century.
In the Grotto Open Air Community Consortium in Agrigento , Sicily , it is claimed that she preached from Gaul from place to place until she came to Grotte, where she was kidnapped at night and taken to Acireale, where she was martyred and beheaded.
In Acireale in the metropolitan city of Catania in Sicily, it is said that she was born there and killed there on July 26th, 143 and buried on November 14th by the Christian Antimos.
Venera of grotto
Tradition has it that Veneranda was born on Good Friday in the year 100 to devout and devoted parents Agathon and Ippolita. According to legend, the Veneranda trained in the scriptures left her home and devoted himself to evangelization with great zeal. From Gaul she is said to have moved from place to place until she came to Grotto.
Here she is said to have preached and lived in a cave. Attracted by the hospitality, faith and privation in which the local population lived, she is said to have expressed the wish to be allowed to stay in the grotto, in which several hundred families lived at that time. Her frequent bedside visits are said to have left a lingering scent of roses.
She is said to have been kidnapped one night and taken to Acireale, where she was dipped in boiling oil, from which she is said to have come out even more beautiful than before, but was later beheaded and buried in the Domitilla catacombs in Rome.
Venera is the patron saint of Grotto. She is depicted with a palm tree adorned with three crowns to indicate that she was a virgin, apostle and martyr.
Venera of Acireale
According to tradition, Venera was born on Good Friday in the year 100 in the Roman area of the thermal baths of Xifhonia (near Acireale) to wealthy, pious and devoted parents Agathon and Ippolita from Gaul. Venera is said to have grown up according to the principles of Christianity and in the current thermal baths of Santa Venera she is said to have practiced medical help.
When she was 20 her parents are said to have died and she is said to have donated all her possessions to the poor and to have started an intensive work of apostolate. For this passionate activity she would have been beheaded on July 26, 143 in Gallia cisalpina .
On November 14th, in the Cathedral of Acireale, the transfer of the relics (1642) of the saints from Ascoli Piceno is celebrated with a church ceremony . The cult of the patron saint of Acireale was introduced on January 20, 1651. The relics are kept in a reliquary bust in a special niche of the magnificent Santa Venera Chapel on the right side of the transept of the current cathedral throughout the year.
The cult
Ercolano
Veneranda can be found in some of the episodes related to the Basilica of Santa Maria in Pugliano in Ercolano . In the second half of the 17th century, at the time of Pope Alexander VII , a relic of the martyr Veneranda was given to the Commissioner of the Discalced Carmelites in Rome (as was customary in previous centuries) .
This relic was then given to the Carmelite of the Torre del Greco monastery , Father Simone. Since he was very devoted to the Chapel of the Holy Spirit, the last in the left aisle of the Basilica Santa Maria in Pugliano, he gave the relic mentioned as proof of his devotion. The faithful of Ercolano received this gift with faith, joy, with public festivals and built an altar dedicated to the saint in the Chapel of the Holy Spirit. A strong devotion began in the place.
A strong devotion began in the place. The faithful of Ercolano received this gift with joy and feast and erected an altar dedicated to the saint in the Chapel of the Holy Spirit. There is a 17th century painting of the saint above the altar.
The saint is depicted standing with the dove of the Holy Spirit on her head. In her right hand she holds the crucifix and in her left a pilgrim's staff and a palm tree, symbol of martyrdom.
The relic in the middle of a half-copper bust covered with silver was removed by the French along with the silver during the battle of June 14th, 1799. Only the copper bust remained in the basilica.
Mortara
Veranda's remains came to Mortara on May 4, 1651. The ecclesiastical authorities placed them in an urn in the Church of San Carlo Borromeo .
In 1925 it was decided to replace the urn that contained the remains of the Veneranda. An exploration of the bones was carried out, or rather, everything that was left was put together with a wax head and arms and hands made of wood and kept in a glass case in a simulacrum .
She got a gentle face with closed eyes and was brought back to "her" church, where she found her place under the high altar .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Santa Veneranda Martire. In: Santiebeati.it. Retrieved March 16, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ The Roman martyrology . John Murphy, Baltimore 1912, p. 351 (English, archive.org ).
- ^ Martyrologium romanum, Gregorii XIII, Urbani VIII et Clementis X: auctoritate recognitum nec non a Benedicto XIV auctum & castigatum . 1773, p. 432 (Latin, google.it ).
- ^ Enzo D'Agostino: Da Locri a Gerace: storia di una diocesi della Calabria bizantina dalle origini al 1480 . Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli 2004, p. 52 (Italian, google.it ).
- ↑ The liturgical feast day of Venerandus, who was martyred in Troyes in France in the 3rd century during the persecution of Christians under the Roman emperor Aurelian , is celebrated on November 14th. On May 25, there is celebrated someone from Brescia of the same name who was martyred with his brother Maximus. A martyr killed in Clermont in 423 is celebrated on January 18th and December 25th.
- ^ Venerando. In: Santiebeati.it. Retrieved March 17, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ a b c Veneranda of Gaul. In: heiligenlexikon.de. Retrieved March 19, 2019 .
- ↑ Santa Veneranda. In: Zeno.org. Retrieved March 19, 2019 .
- ^ Mariano Armellini: Le chiese di Roma dal secolo IV al XIX. In: Notes storiche e topografiche delle chiese suburbane di Roma . tape 3 . Tipografia Vaticana, Rome 1891, p. 915-916 (Italian).
- ↑ Umberto M. Fasola: The Domitilla catacomb and the basilica of the martyrs Nereus and Achilles . Pontificia Commissione di Archeologia Sacra, Città del Vaticano 1989, p. 40-41 ( google.it ).
- ↑ La Storia di Santa Veneranda. Retrieved April 5, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ a b c d e Chiesa Madre - Parrocchia Santa Venera. In: Grotte.inf. Retrieved March 20, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ a b c Santa Venera. In: Comune.acireale.ct.it. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ Santa Venera, 360 ° della traslazione delle reliquie. In: Vdj.it. Retrieved April 3, 2019 (Italian).
- ^ Basilica Santa Maria in Pugliano. In: Smapugliano.it. Retrieved April 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Santa Veneranda, una devozione che resiste nel tempo. Retrieved April 5, 2019 .
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Veneranda of Gaul |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Venera |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Virgin, messenger of faith and Christian martyr |
| DATE OF BIRTH | at 100 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Gaul |
| DATE OF DEATH | at 144 |
| Place of death | Rome |