Volvo 850

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Volvo
Volvo 850 Sedan (1991–1996; USA)
Volvo 850 Sedan (1991–1996; USA)
850
Production period: 1991-1996
Class : upper middle class
Body versions : Limousine , station wagon
Engines: Otto engines :
2.0–2.5 liters
(93–184 kW)
Diesel engine :
2.5 liters (103 kW)
Length: 4661-4720 mm
Width: 1760 mm
Height: 1415-1445 mm
Wheelbase : 2664 mm
Empty weight : 1365-1727 kg
successor Volvo S70
Volvo V70

The Volvo 850 is an upper mid-range model from the Swedish car manufacturer Volvo . It was built from mid-1991 to the end of 1996 716,903 times (sedan and station wagon together) and is the predecessor of the Volvo S70 and the Volvo V70 .

history

In June 1991, Volvo introduced a new, front-wheel drive model called the 850. Volvo stated that the vehicle was equipped with four technical innovations in production cars: the first transversely installed five-cylinder engine, seat belts that automatically adjust to the size of the driver, the side impact protection system SIPS ( Side Impact Protection System ) and finally an improved torsion beam rear axle ( Delta link). The front wheels are suspended from MacPherson struts and wishbones and there is rack and pinion steering .

First the sedan came on the market. From the beginning of 1993 the 850 was also available as a station wagon . The 850 station wagon was the first to have the characteristic vertical rear lights that all large Volvo station wagons have to this day. In the 850 class , for example, Volvo's competitors offered the Mercedes-Benz E-class , the BMW 5 Series and the Audi 100 / Audi A6 .

  • Rear view ( AU )

  • Volvo 850 station wagon (1993–1996; USA)

  • Volvo 850 GLE station wagon (1994; DE)

From summer 1993 the five-cylinder in- line engines were also available with turbocharging , the 850 T-5 had 166 kW (226 hp). Around the same time, the 850 was carefully revised and equipped with new bumpers and modified headlights. The T5 was surpassed in performance by the T-5R with 177 kW (with overboost , a higher boost pressure only possible for a short time with the T-5R) in the summer of 1995 . In addition, the R came as the successor to the T-5R with 184 kW (250 PS). These models are the most powerful in the series.

With the 1995 model change, four airbags were offered for the first time. This included the models delivered from September 1994, with side airbags built into the front seat backrests. This made the Volvo 850 the first car with four airbags.

In 1996, the model range was also supplemented by a bi-fuel variant that could be driven on natural gas and petrol , an all-wheel drive variant called AWD and the TDI .

At the end of 1996 the 850 was renamed the Volvo S70 (sedan) and Volvo V70 (station wagon) as part of an extensive facelift .

Models

T-5R

The special series T-5R was introduced in the summer of 1994. Originally the vehicle should be called Volvo 850 plus 5 . The T-5 served as the basis. Using software, it was possible to increase the boost pressure by 0.1 bar for 30 seconds and thus have an additional 30 Nm of engine torque available, which increases the output by 11 kW (15 PS). This special series was only available in three colors: yellow (2500 pieces), black (2500 pieces) and green (2500 pieces), whereby the yellow and black were only produced in 1995 and the green only in 1996. Known the T-5R was mainly in the color "Mercury Yellow" (code 607). 175 yellow and 787 black vehicles were sold in Germany, 33 yellow and 41 black vehicles in Austria and 96 yellow and 98 black vehicles in Switzerland. All T-5Rs were delivered with five-spoke 17-inch "titanium" wheels and an interior in leather and Amaretta (a microfiber fleece in the manner of Alcantara ). All vehicles were also equipped with a modified front apron and a rear wing was optionally available. This was standard on the sedans, and available at an additional cost on the estate models.

R.

From the summer of 1995 to the end of 1996, a revised and not limited edition version called the 850 R was offered, which replaced the T-5R. A 16T turbocharger was installed instead of a 15G as in the T-5R and the interior was adapted.

AWD

A few months before the introduction of the successor, the Volvo V70, followed in 1996 by the Volvo 850 AWD, Volvo's first production vehicle with permanent all-wheel drive. The Volvo 850 AWD had the then new 2.5T engine with 142 kW (193 hp) like the V70 model. This engine had more torque at low revs and accelerated the station wagon, which weighed almost two tons thanks to the transfer case and the modified rear axle with differential, from zero to 100 km / h in 8.5 seconds. The top speed was 220 km / h. The Volvo 850 AWD had a newly developed drive train . At the same time, the body was raised by a few centimeters with the new chassis. Each wheel was individually electronically controlled, the rear wheels were driven by a transfer case at the front, an angular gearbox and a viscous coupling .

  • Volvo 850 T-5R station wagon

  • Volvo 850 T-5R sedan

  • Volvo 850 R.

Engines

The five-cylinder gasoline engines of the Volvo 850 emerged from a modular system of the six-cylinder gasoline engine.

The five-cylinder diesel engine of the Volvo 850 was purchased from VW. The 2.5 R5 TDI developed by Audi, which VW used in the Audi 100, Audi C4 A6 and in a similar form in various van models, was only slightly modified.

There were various transversely installed aluminum five-cylinder engines to choose from.

model Cylinders, valves Displacement power construction time variant
Petrol engines
2.0 R5, 10V 1984 cc 93 kW (126 hp) 08 / 1994-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
2.0 20V R5, 20V 1984 cc 105 kW (143 hp) 06 / 1991-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
2.0T R5, 20V, turbo 1984 cc 180kW (250 hp) 08 / 1993-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
2.5 R5, 10V 2435 cc 103 kW (140 PS) 06 / 1991-07 / 1994 Notchback, station wagon
2.5 10V R5, 10V 2435 cc 106 kW (144 PS) 08 / 1994-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
2.5 20V R5, 20V 2435 cc 125 kW (170 hp) 08 / 1991-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
2.5T
2.5T AWD 		R5, 20V, turbo 2435 cc 142 kW (193 hp) 04 / 1996-12 / 1996 Station wagon
T-5 R5, 20V, turbo 2319 cc 166 kW (226 hp) 08 / 1993-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
T-5R R5, 20V, turbo 2319 cc (Automatic 166 kW / 226 hp) 177 kW (241 hp) 08 / 1994-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
R. R5, 20V, turbo 2319 cc (Automatic 166 kW / 226 PS) 184 kW (250 PS) 08 / 1995-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon
Diesel engines
2.5 TDI * R5, 10V, turbo 2461 cc 103 kW (140 PS) 08 / 1995-12 / 1996 Notchback, station wagon

 * Engine from Audi ( A6 C4 )

Web links

Commons : Volvo 850  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1997/1997_850/97850_905.htm#9:7
  2. ↑ http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1996/1996_850/96850_906.htm#pg9.7
  3. ↑ a b c https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/38077
  4. ↑ focus.de from July 17, 2011, model history Volvo 850 , accessed on April 27, 2019.
  5. ↑ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/history/850sed.shtml
  6. ↑ a b https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/10669/1990-1999-a-historical-review
  7. ↑ http://www.vlvworld.com/indexframe.html?850/Production.htm
  8. ↑ http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/newsmedia/pressreleases/previous/1997/_layouts/CWP.Internet.VolvoCom/NewsItem.aspx?News.ItemId=21802&News.Language=en-gb
  9. ↑ https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/presskits/850Plus5PressInfo.pdf