Coat of arms of Spain

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Coat of arms of Spain
Escudo de España (mazonado) .svg
Details
Introduced October 19, 1981
Shield shape and division Spanish shield, square with grafted-in tip , oval heart shield
Heraldic shield 1. Castile , 2. León , 3. Aragón , 4. Navarre , and Granada ; Heart Bourbon Anjou
Crown of rank Royal crown of Spain
Sign holder Pillars of Heracles with banner
Motto (motto) Plus ultra
Previous
versions 		See section historical forms
Kingdom of Spain around 1600 (Siebmacher 1605)

The coat of arms of Spain ( Spanish Escudo de España ) has been valid as the national coat of arms since 1981.

description

The blazon of the coat of arms of Spain is regulated by Law 33/1981 of October 5th, 1981; The Royal Decree of December 8th of the same year contains an illustration of the coat of arms. Another decree of September 3, 1982 regulates the exact coloring.

  • The coat of arms of the Spanish national coat of arms shows the traditional components of the kingdom. It is identical to the coat of arms of the King of Spain.
  • The royal crown of Spain ( corona real ) symbolizes the Spanish monarchy.
  • The pillars of Herakles frame the coat of arms in the function of a shield holder and symbolize both the geographical location of Spain on the Strait of Gibraltar and its overseas orientation. They were added to the coat of arms by Emperor Charles V , who was King of Spain as Charles I.
    • The columns are connected by a red banner with the Latin motto Plus Ultra (“beyond” or “always further”) - Charles' motto, under whose rule Spain became a world empire.
    • The pillars are crowned heraldically on the right by the so-called "imperial crown" ( corona imperial ) of the Spanish Empire and on the left by the royal crown of Spain.
Flag of Spain.svg

The Spanish coat of arms can also be found on the flag of Spain , while it is absent on the civil and commercial flag .

Importance of the components

Spanish Royal Crown.svg Crowning Royal crown
Pillars of Hercules.png columns Pillars of Heracles with the banner "Plus Ultra"
According to one theory, the symbol for the peso ( $ ) developed from a stylized representation of these two pillars with the banner. Later it was u. a. transferred to the US dollar.

The coat of arms fields represent the medieval kingdoms from which the Spanish monarchy emerged:

Armas de Castilla, svg 1st field (heraldic) at the top right a golden castle on a red background, the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Castile
Armas de León, svg 2nd field Coat of arms of the Kingdom of León , a purple lion on a silver background
Crown of Aragon COA.svg 3rd field Four red posts on a gold background for the Aragon Crown
Armas de Navarra, svg 4th field Golden chains on a red background for Navarre
Armas de Granada, svg top A green leafed pomegranate on silver for the former Kingdom of Granada
Armas de Borbón-Anjou, svg Heart shield In the heart shield you can see three golden irises on a blue background, the family coat of arms of the Bourbons , who represent the kings of Spain.

Historical forms

During the time of the Catholic Kings , the St. John's eagle formed the shield holder, which was included in the coat of arms as Queen Isabella's personal heraldic animal . Karl I./V. replaced it with the double-headed imperial eagle of the Holy Roman Empire . With his accession to the throne, the chain of the Burgundian house order from the Golden Fleece was included in the coat of arms, of which Karl was master of the order. To this day, the shield of the coat of arms of the kings of Spain is hung with this chain.

  • Late 15th century: Catholic kings

  • Coat of arms of the
    Catholic Kings
    1475–1492

  • Coat of arms of the
    Catholic Kings
    1492–1506

  • 16th century: Charles I.

  • Coat of arms of Charles I
    (Emperor Charles V)
    1531–1556

  • Coat of arms of Charles I

    1516–1518

  • Coat of arms of Charles I

    1519–1520

  • Coat of arms of Charles I

    1521–1530

  • Small coat of arms

    1516–1556

  • Small coat of arms

    1516–1556

  • 16th century: Philip II.

  • Coat of arms of Philip II
    (Philip I of Portugal)

    1581–1598

  • Coat of arms of Philip II
    (King of England and Ireland)
    1556–1558

  • Coat of arms of Philip II.


    1559–1580

  • Small coat of arms


    1556–1580




  • 1580-1598

  • Small coat of arms
    (Portugal)

    1580–1598

  • Middle 20th century: Franquism

  • National coat of arms of Spain from the Franco era
    1939–1945



  • 1945-1977

  • National coat of arms of Spain, transition
    phase 1977–1981

During the Franco regime, various, mostly historicizing changes were made to the shape of the Spanish national coat of arms, which lasted until 1981; Most noticeable was a black eagle, which resembled the St. John's eagle and stood for Casticismo , which was associated with the Catholic Monarchs in the ideology of Franquism .

See also

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Hesmer: Flags and coats of arms of the world. History and symbolism of the flags and coats of arms of all states. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh 1992, ISBN 3-570-01082-1 .

Web links

Commons : Coat of Arms of Spain  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ley 33/1981, de 5 de octubre, del Escudo de España (official text of the blazon).
  2. ↑ Real Decreto 2964/1981, de 18 de diciembre, por el que se hace público el modelo oficial del Escudo de España (official text).
  3. ↑ Real Decreto 2267/1982, de 3 de septiembre, por el que se especifican técnicamente los colores del Escudo de España (official text).