Wernshausen

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Wernshausen
City of Schmalkalden
Wernshausen coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 43 ′ 29 ″  N , 10 ° 21 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 272 m
Area : 26.29 km²
Residents : 2800  (2012)
Population density : 107 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 1, 2008
Postal code : 98574
Area code : 036848
map
Location of Wernshausen in Schmalkalden
Partial view (2012)
Partial view (2012)

Wernshausen is a district of the city of Schmalkalden in the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen in Thuringia . Until it was incorporated on December 1, 2008, the former municipality consisted of the places Wernshausen, Niederschmalkalden and Helmers .

history

From the first settlement to 1900

The location on the Werra with the two tributaries Schmalkalde and Rosa with their abundance of fish must have given the ancestors in the 6th century the reason to take possession of this area early on. For the first time Wernshausen was on February 17, 1184 in a in Verona by Pope Lucius III. issued document mentioned. The place initially belonged to the Bailiwick of Herrenbreitungen and, as a result of the division of the estate of the County of Henneberg -Schleusingen, came to the Frankenberg office in 1347 , which was called " Frauenbreitungen Office " since the Reformation .

In 1558, Eberhard Wolf, the owner of the nearby Todenwarth castle ruins, built a manor building, which today is the oldest building in the town as a leaseholder . With the increasing demand for wood in the 16th century, rafting developed into the main source of income for the local residents from around 1563 . Some of the rafts as far as Bremen . Wernshausen was a typical rafting village. When faster transport became possible with the construction of the Werra Railway in 1858, it gradually replaced water transport. As a result , approximately 630 Wernshaus emigrated to America in the following period.

Wernshausen was persecuted by witches in 1613 : Anna, Wagner's wife, and Emilie Schilgken got into witch trials and were burned.

In 1847 the choral society Liederkranz was founded with 30 members, which is the basis of the male choir that still exists today, which was awarded the Zelter plaque in 1997 together with 33 other choirs from Thuringia .

Abundance of wood and water gave rise to a timber trading business in the 19th century and, in 1872, the Wernshausen paper factory with weir system and water channel. Wernshausen, part of the Frauenbreitungen office in the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen , became a fire-fighting district in 1879 with 13 associated places for around 7500 residents in the area.

History from the 20th century

The football club was founded in 1919. In the 1930s, the town's paper production reached its heyday with crepe and tissue papers . The paper mill employed around 360 people at that time. In the 1950s, the rafting was completely stopped, but the rafting festival is still an integral part of the residents' annual schedule.

On July 20, 1944, around 11.30 a.m., Wernshausen was attacked by 10 heavy US bombers of the type B-24 "Liberator" with 28 tons of high-explosive bombs (112 pieces). There was also a "full hunter escort". The stated goal, the destruction of the freight yard, was not achieved. But bombs did fall in a residential area and a settlement, as well as in open terrain.

With the administrative reform of 1952 , Wernshausen came to the Schmalkalden district in the Suhl district .

Wernshausen expanded through incorporation on April 9, 1994 with Helmers and on June 30, 1994 with Niederschmalkalden . On December 1, 2008, Wernshausen Schmalkalden joined. The last mayor of the community and district mayor until his death on May 10, 2012 was Rainer Stoffel.

The worsted spinning mill was founded in Niederschmalkalden as early as 1834 . The later most important architect of the stately complex on the Zwick was Hofrat Karl Behlert , who also designed the Meininger Theater and the Breiter Rathaus, among other things . The prominent administration building - with a pillar entrance flanked by two stone sheep sculptures - and the high-floor brick building, the actual production facility, go back to it. In 1992 the production of the spinning plant was relocated to the Czech Republic . The ensemble was in the 2002 Memorial book entered the country. By resolution of the still independent municipality of Wernshausen, an application was made to demolish the existing buildings due to the decline of the worsted yarn operations. Despite protests from committed citizens about the monument, the demolition took place in early 2009. This was supported by the Free State of Thuringia with 1.4 million euros from urban development funds .

  • Former town hall

  • Protestant church

  • Wernshausen station

Population development

Development of the population (December 31) :

  • 1994: 3389
  • 1995: 3392
  • 1996: 3379
  • 1997: 3367
  • 1998: 3320
  • 1999: 3330
  • 2000: 3317
  • 2001: 3293
  • 2002: 3255
  • 2003: 3199
  • 2006: 3104
  • 2007: 3042
Data source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

Culture and sights

church

Evangelical Church Wernshausen

tourism

The rafting festival with rafting takes place on the Werra every year. The place is the western starting point of the Mommelstein cycle path , which leads via Schmalkalden to the Rennsteig .

The old Todenwarth sits enthroned on a sandstone spur near the Zwick .

In place of the old worsted spinning mill in Wernshausen , which was demolished in 2009, the street name of the old worsted spinning mill is a reminder .

A stele in the nearby district of Niederschmalkalden commemorates three unknown concentration camp prisoners who were murdered by SS men on a death march in the spring of 1945 .

Transport links

The municipality of Wernshausen had its own railway connection with the Eisenach – Meiningen Werrabahn since 1858. In 1874 the town of Schmalkalden von Wernshausen built its own connecting line through the Schmalkaldetal, which has been in operation for the entire length between Wernshausen and Zella-Mehlis since 1893 .

Wernshausen is therefore a hub. Regional trains of the Süd-Thüringen-Bahn now run every hour on both routes .

The nearby federal road 19 leads through the neighboring district of Niederschmalkalden. There a bridge will be built over the Schmalkaldetal to relieve the Zwick bottleneck . A new road connection for state road 1026 to Schmalkalden is also under construction until 2013.

Personalities

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008
  2. ↑ Manfred Lückert : The Werra. Landscape and life on the river. Between the Thuringian Forest and Hann. Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2006, ISBN 3-938997-26-5 , p. 160.
  3. ↑ Kai Lehmann : Innocent. Witch hunt south of the Thuringian Forest. Over 500 researched cases from the 16th and 17th centuries. Wehry-Verlag, Untermaßfeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-9813902-8-5 , p. 438 f .; Kai Lehmann: Exhibition "Luther and the Witches". Wernshausen area, Library Museum Schloss Wilhelmsburg Schmalkalden, 2012; Ronald Füssel: The persecution of witches in the Thuringian area (= publications of the working group for historical witchcraft and crime research in Northern Germany. Vol. 2). DOBU-Verlag, Hamburg 2003, ISBN 3-934632-03-3 , p. 236 and p. 247, (also: Marburg, Universität, Dissertation, 2000).
  4. ↑ Lothar Günther: Missions and Fates. In the air war over southwest Thuringia in 1944/45. Wehry-Verlag, Untermaßfeld 2014, ISBN 978-3-9815-3076-6 , p. 233.
  5. ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics (TLS), territorial changes.
  6. ↑ Wolfgang Hirsch: The hasty demolition of a monument. A historic worsted spinning mill is flattened. In: Thüringische Landeszeitung , February 5, 2009.

Web links

Commons : Wernshausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files