Yusuf al-Qaradawi

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Yusuf al-Qaradawi in January 2018

Yūsuf ʿAbdallāh al-Qaradāwī ( Arabic يوسف عبد الله القرضاوي, DMG Yūsuf ʿAbdallāh al-Qaraḍāwī ), also Jussuf al-Karadawi (born December 9, 1926 in Saft Turab, Egypt ), is an Islamic legal scholar , multifunctional , television preacher and author. He is considered a pioneer of the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood . Qaradawi has lived in Qatar since 1961 and received Qatari citizenship. Qaradawi's sermons, which usually go beyond the religious realm and have a political and social claim, reached a large audience through his regular broadcast aš-Šarīʿa wa-l-Ḥayāh (" Sharia and Life") on the Qatari television station Al Jazeera in the Arab-Islamic world . Numerous critics, including recognized Muslim intellectuals, accuse al-Qaradawi of abusing his media presence - through which he acts as a "global mufti", as it were - and of promoting Islamism and Islamic terrorism through his sermons .

Life path

Studies and political engagement in Egypt

Yusuf al-Qaradawi as a young man

Qaradawi received his Islamic education in Egypt at the Sunni Azhar University in Cairo. During his student days he was an active member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood , through which he came into contact with political Islam . He was strongly influenced by the writings and speeches of Hassan al-Banna , the founder of the Brotherhood, about whom he says that he had the most significant influence on his spiritual and spiritual life. Due to his involvement in university politics, he was arrested for the first time in 1949. In the years that followed, Qaradawi was arrested three more times for his membership in the Muslim Brotherhood and his publications, including a drama about the Muslim scholar Saʿīd ibn Jubair (executed 712) and the tyrannical governor al-Hajjaj ibn Yūsuf . In 1958, al-Qaradawi married at the age of 31. Due to the political persecution in Egypt, Qaradawi left Egypt in 1961 and went to Qatar , which he later took on as citizens.

Academic and public work in Qatar

In Qatar, al-Qaradāwī participated with the Wahhabi- influenced scholars from the so-called Salafist movement in establishing the Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies at the University of Qatar . From 1960 to 1973 he worked on his dissertation on "The poor tax ( Zakat ) and its influence on solving social problems". In 1969 he published two volumes on the law of zakat, in which he took the view that the poor tax in non-Muslim countries could be used to build mosques, schools and hospitals, for which he was criticized.

In 1977 he founded the Center for Sira and Sunna Research and the Sharia Faculty in Qatar , of which he became dean. Since 1996, al-Qaradāwī has had its own Sharia program on the Al Jazeera television channel “The Sharia and Life” ( aš-šarīʿa wal-ḥayāt ). As a result, his media presence increased significantly. On the Internet, Qaradawi is involved in content and financially in the Internet portal IslamOnline.net.

Internationalization of its activities

Yusuf al-Qaradawi in 2006

In 1997, Qaradawi and other Muslim scholars founded the European Council for Fatwa and Research (ECFR), which endeavors to apply Islamic norms to European conditions. Since then, as chairman of this body, he has strongly influenced its unanimously adopted fatwas.

2001 Qaradawi became head of the Union of Good ("Bund des Guten", Arabic ائتلاف الخير i'tilāf al-Chair ), a newly founded umbrella organization of fifty organizations to finance the Palestinian organization Hamas . After the death of the leader of the Muslim Brotherhood, Mamoun al-Hudaibi, Qaradawi was offered this position in January 2004, but the latter turned it down. In the same year al-Qaradāwī founded the International Union of Muslim Scholars in London. In November 2017, Egypt , Saudi Arabia , the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain put the "Union" on their terrorist list.

At the same time, international criticism of al-Qaradāwī also increased. In October 2004, he was in a petition of 2,500 Muslim intellectuals from 23 countries against Muslim hate preacher accused of the terrorism to cover up religious and to put Islam in a bad light. International outrage aroused al-Qaradāwī when he called for a Muslim “Day of Wrath” and a boycott of Danish imports during the 2006 cartoon dispute.

Since al-Qaradāwī was viewed as a supporter of Islamic terrorism, entry bans were imposed on him in some countries, as was the case in the USA in 1999. The Union of Good , which he heads , was listed in November 2008 in Executive Order 13224 of the US Treasury Department as an organization in support of terrorism. On the occasion of a repeated refusal of a visa for al-Qaradawi by the Irish authorities in early August 2011, the executive director of Ireland's largest Islamic organization, the Islamic Cultural Center of Ireland (ICCI), declared his solidarity with the scholar - his views were in full agreement with the Islamic one Doctrine that they are therefore by no means a violation of them.

Positioning during the "Arab Spring"

During the so-called Arab Spring , al-Qaradāwī took a number of vocal positions on political issues. So he called on 29 January 2011 in one of al-Jazeera broadcast television address to Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak on, to leave the country . On February 18, 2011, he appeared before the public for the first time in thirty years under strict security precautions in Cairo. He led the Friday prayer and addressed the Friday sermon on Taḥrīr Square to around one million listeners, who then demanded the resignation of all members of the overthrown government with the following slogan: “Ḥusnī ḫaraǧ mini l-qaṣr / leh aʿwānu (h) bi-yaḥkumū Maṣr “(Ḥusnī left the president) palace / why his followers rule over Egypt. Al-Qaradawi made repeated public statements in Egypt in the course of and after the 2011 revolution on domestic political and legal and constitutional issues. On the television channel "Al-Nahhar TV" in January 2012, he took the view that Sharia should be "gradually introduced in Egypt" and that "cutting off the hand should not be introduced as a punishment in the first five years (after the revolution)". In view of the acts of violence by the Libyan government against the demonstrators in the 2011 uprising in Libya through the use of the armed forces and the air force, al-Qaradawi officially issued a fatwa on the Al Jazeera television channel on February 21, 2011 in which he called officers and soldiers to the murder of Muammar al- Gaddafi called. He justified his fatwa with both the Koran and a hadith traced back to the Prophet Mohammed :

  • And if one kills a believer intentionally, hell is his reward for dwelling in it (forever). And God is (?) Angry with him and has (?) Cursed him, and he has (in the hereafter) a mighty punishment ready for him. English ( sura 4 , verse 93)
  • “The prophet said: The end of the world is not as heavy with God as the unlawful killing of a believer” ( Ibn Madscha : Kitāb ad-diyāt , 1).

In a speech in October 2012, he declared Russia the “greatest enemy of the Arab and Muslim world” because of its support for the Syrian regime under Bashar al-Assad in the fight against the insurgents. In June 2013, he called on Sunni Muslims to take an armed struggle against Assad's Alawite regime and its Shiite ally from Lebanon , Hezbollah .

Publications

Qaradawi is a prolific writer who, over the past 50 years, has published a large number of tracts, studies, and fatwas on a wide variety of issues in social, political, and religious life.

"The permitted and the forbidden in Islam"

His most influential work is "The Permitted and the Forbidden in Islam" ( al-Ḥalāl wal-ḥarām fi l-islām ), which first appeared in 1960 and has since been published in 30 editions and translated into numerous languages. Ahmad von Denffer translated the work into German in 1989.

The work is not specialized literature for religious scholars, but a kind of legal compendium for lay people. In Austria “The Permitted and the Forbidden in Islam” was used for years in Islamic religious instruction in schools on the basis of a letter of recommendation from the “Supreme Council” of the Islamic Faith Community in Austria on May 10, 1990. The book is still partly sold in Germany through mosque associations and Islamic bookshops. Through this book, Qaradawi is a leading figure in Germany for many - especially young - Orthodox Muslims and their organizations: “Reference is often made to his positions and his book What is Permitted and Forbidden in Islam when it comes to how Islam is in non-Muslims Societies can be understood and practiced ”.

More fonts

Published in translation from Arabic:

Positions on political, social and legal issues

The Islamic State and Democracy

Al-Qaradāwī considers it necessary to build an Islamic state . In his treatise on “The Jurisprudence of the State in Islam”, however, he protests against the notion that the Islamic state he calls for is a “religious state”; H. wear theocratic traits. Rather, the Islamic State is a "civil state" ( daula madanīya ). It is based on choice ( iḫtiyār ), the Baiʿa and the Shūrā . The ruler is responsible to the ummah . Every individual from the people has the right to give advice to the ruler and to dictate what is right and to forbid what is reprehensible , because Islam regards this as a collective duty of Muslims.

The ruler, imam or caliph is, as al-Qaradāwī thinks, in Islam not the authorized representative of God, but the authorized representative of the ummah. It is she who selects him, and it is she who controls him, holds him accountable and removes him when necessary. Since Muslims are allowed to adopt ideas and methods from non-Muslims, as long as these do not contradict Sharia law , they are also allowed to adopt democracy and its mechanisms as far as they suit them. But Muslims should not accept the philosophy of democracy, the Forbidden allowed and the Permitted doing prohibited. Democracy in the Islamic sense means that the people have the right to depose their rulers if they encourage the commission of sins or deviate from the right path and become despotic so that they no longer listen to good advice and admonition.

Secularism and apostasy

The secularism rejects al-Qaradawi strictly. He says in one of his writings: “Secularism may be accepted in a Christian society, but it will never find general acceptance in an Islamic one. Christianity contains nothing like Sharia or any similar worldview to which its followers are bound. ... By the way, Westerners, especially Christians, have good reasons for choosing a secular system of rule over a religious one. Because their (historical) experiences with religious rulers, as they have experienced them, meant a rule by clerics, a despotic authority of the church, with the resulting commands for excommunication and services for remission of sins, i.e. letters of indulgence . In a Muslim society, recognition of secularism would mean something completely different. Since Islam is a connection between worship (Ibada) and legislation (Sharia), the recognition of the S. would mean the abandonment of the Sharia, i.e. a rejection of divine guidance and a rejection of Allah's instructions. It is a false claim that the Sharia does not fit the demands of modern life. If one were to accept that laws are made by humans, that would mean preferring human beings' limited knowledge and experience to divine guidance. ... Hence the call for secularism among Muslims is atheism and a rejection of Islam. If one were to recognize it as the basis of a rule instead of the Sharia, it would be an absolute apostasy from Islam. If the masses in the Muslim world keep silent about it, it is a great sin and a very clear act of disobedience. … (The Christian God) is a helpless God, as Will Durant put it. ”According to al-Qaradāwī, secular rulers who openly express their hostility to the Sharia of Islam must be combated. However, he recommends that Muslims rely on peaceful means and use the democratic mechanisms of change.

Al-Qaradāwī advocates the death penalty for " turning away from Islam after accepting it voluntarily and later expressing open rebellion in a way that threatens the cohesion of the Muslim community". However, since he rejects vigilante justice, his call for the death penalty for apostasy is ultimately absurd, because in Western countries and most Islamic states, legal proceedings for apostasy are not possible. He sees baptisms of former Muslims taking place in public and in front of cameras , such as Magdi Allam's , as a “provocative and hostile act against Muslims”.

Questions of gender and sexuality

  • Al-Qaradāwī considers the death penalty for extramarital intercourse to be appropriate "when at least four righteous people have witnessed actual intercourse and testify in court that they saw it."
  • He is of the opinion that a wife must not rebel against her husband. If all of the man's “good words” and “friendly arguments” fail to correct this behavior, he may “lightly” hit his wife with his hands, “while avoiding the face and other sensitive areas”. He takes this view in what is permitted and prohibited in Islam .
  • In what is permitted and prohibited in Islam , al-Qaradāwī advocates the death penalty for "fornication" ( zinā ).
  • He believes it is the duty of Muslim women to wear the headscarf and clothing that covers everything except face and hands. The husband must order his wife to do this and, if she finally does not comply and is childless, get a divorce.
  • He believes that the removal of the headscarf is permitted if it is done for the execution of a "martyr's operation" and not to show the female beauty. In this special case, the woman does not need a mahram (male relative) to accompany her or the travel permit of her husband or father, since the occupation makes jihad an individual duty ( fard ).
  • He advocates polygyny as opposed to polyandry , because plural marriage corresponds to male nature.
  • For interreligious marriages (only for Muslim men, not for Muslim women), he sets the following four conditions: first, the wife must be a practicing follower of a book religion , second, she must be morally impeccable (which, in Qaradāwī's view, excludes most women of these religions), thirdly, it must not be a Jew (i.e. a spy) unless she is anti-Israeli attitude, and fourthly, no marriage should be entered into if the man is not sufficiently strong in faith or if the Islamic upbringing of the children is endangered.
  • He justified the mutilation of female genitals according to Islamic law - according to various schools of law, it was compulsory ( Fard ), recommended ( Sunna ) or permitted ( Mubah ). He himself considers it permissible; however (with reference to a weak hadith ) "only a small part" should be cut. Qaradāwī attended an international conference held by al-Azhar University , which on November 23, 2006 published a resolution rejecting genital mutilation. At the end of June 2007, an Egyptian law from 1997, which forbade genital mutilation but allowed many exceptions, was replaced by an edict prohibiting it without exception. Qaradāwī also thereafter declared his personal support for those who consider genital mutilation “in the interests of their daughters” to be right. After a conversation with the human rights activist Rüdiger Nehberg and the Austrian Muslim representative Tarafa Baghajati in Doha in March 2009, Qaradāwī wrote for the first time a clear fatwa against female genital mutilation, in which he described it as the work of the devil.
  • Al-Qaradāwī considers homosexuality to be "sexual abnormality". The same punishment is suggested for this as for prostitution , which, according to him, would correspond to 100 lashes.

Arab-Israeli conflict

  • Al-Qaradāwī approves suicide bombings in the Palestinians' struggle against Israel as a legitimate martyr's death and does not see them as suicide, which is also strictly forbidden in Islam . In numerous interviews and television broadcasts, he has spread his view that suicide bombings in Israel are Islamically justified. Qaradāwī declares that women and children are not worthy of protection, as the entire Israeli society is militarized, just as little as their property: “It is established by Islamic law that the blood and property of the people of Dār al-Harb are not protected. Because they fight against the Muslims and are hostile to them, they have forfeited the protection of their blood and property ”.
  • He does not deny the Holocaust , but calls Adolf Hitler “a just punishment from Allah for the Jews” and prepares the Muslims for another Holocaust in the future: “God willing, next time this [sc. Punishment of God] by the hand of believers. ”He also describes the Jews as enemies of God. Regarding the question of the inclusion of Jews in the Conference for Islamic-Christian Dialogue in Doha in May 2004, Al-Qaradāwī said: "There is no dialogue between us, with the exception of sword and rifle."

Others

  • Al-Qaradāwī declares statues forbidden by Islam ( harām ), including ancient Egyptian statues, but with the exception of dolls and chocolate figures.
  • After Constantinople, Rome and the rest of Europe will follow. There are signs that Islam is returning to Europe as a conqueror and will triumph. I believe this time we will conquer Europe successfully, not with the sword but by spreading Islamic ideology.
  • In an essay on fatwas (1988), al-Qaradāwī refers to the need to fall back on all legal traditions equally and calls this seemingly undogmatic, Koran-faithful approach the “way of the middle” ( minhāǧ al-wasatīya) .

Terrorist List of Arab States (2017)

Since June 2017, Yusuf al-Qaradawi has been on the "terror list" of the governments of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain .

See also

literature

  • Bettina Gräf / Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen (eds.): The Global Mufti. The Phenomenon of Yusuf Al-Qaradawi . Hurst & Co., London 2008, ISBN 978-1-85065-939-6 . Various Expenditure.
  • Gudrun Krämer: “Drawing Boundaries: Yusuf al-Qaradawi on Apostasy” in: G. Krämer and S. Schmidtke (eds.): Speaking for Islam. Religious Authorities in Muslim Societies . Brill, Leiden, 2006. pp. 181-217.
  • Christine Schirrmacher: “There is no compulsion in religion” (Sura 2: 256): The apostasy from Islam in the judgment of contemporary Islamic theologians. Discourses on apostasy, religious freedom and human rights. Ergon, Würzburg, 2015. pp. 113–250.
  • Elhakam Sukhni: The 'Martyrs' Operation ' in Jihad: Origin and Inner-Islamic Discourse . Academic Publishing Association, Munich 2011 ISBN 3-86924-107-1

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The IGGÖ President and the Muslim Brotherhood - addendum.org. February 4, 2019, accessed February 14, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Qaradawi | Forward and don't forget. November 11, 2018, accessed on February 14, 2019 (German).
  3. ↑ a b Arab News : Stop Terror Sheikhs, Muslim Academics Demand , October 30, 2004, accessed June 1, 2013
  4. ↑ Can Zakah Be Given to Construct Mosques and Islamic Centers? ( Memento of April 13, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Fatwa IslamOnline, June 14, 2002.
  5. ^ The Office for the Protection of the Constitution of Baden-Württemberg on Qaradawi and the Muslim Brotherhood ( Memento of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ).
  6. ↑ Shammai Fishman: Fiqh al-Aqalliyyat: A Legal Theory for Muslim Minorities (PDF; 141 kB). Research Monographs on the Muslim World Series No 1, Paper No 2, October 2006.
  7. ^ Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood: Out With the Old Guard, in With the New? , Stratfor , January 12, 2004.
  8. ^ Website of the "International Union of Muslim Scholars" , International Union for Muslim Scholars (IUMS), also known as the International Association of Muslim Scholars (IAMS)
  9. ↑ Cf. Ralph Ghadban : “Arab Clans - The Underestimated Danger”, Econ Verlag 2018, p. 141
  10. ↑ Assaf Uni: Danish Muslim unrepentant for sparking cartoon riots ( Memento from February 22, 2006 in the Internet Archive ). In: Haaretz , February 14, 2006.
  11. ^ The Qaradawi Fatwas , Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2004.
  12. ^ Treasury Designates the Union of Good , November 12, 2008
  13. ↑ "His views are representative of Islamic teachings and are not assumed to be a violation of the same", in: 'Fatwa' sheikh with links to Irish Muslims is refused visa , Irish Independent, Aug. 8, 2011
  14. ↑ Top cleric: Mubarak, go away!
  15. ↑ http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/02/18/138176.html
  16. ^ "Sunni Scholar Yousuf Al-Qaradhawi: Islamic Law Should Be Implemented Gradually in Egypt; There Should Be No Chopping Off of Hands in the First Five Years “ , TV interview, video clip # 3287, MEMRI TV, Jan. 26, 2012
  17. ↑ [1]
  18. ↑ See Sheik Qaradhawi: Russia Is the Number One Enemy of Arabs and Muslims ( Memento of October 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), Youtube
  19. ↑ NOW: Top Muslim cleric urges Sunnis to join Syria war , June 1, 2013, accessed June 1, 2013
  20. ↑ What is permitted and prohibited in Islam . SKD-Bavaria Verlag, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-926575-12-3 ( English online edition ).
  21. ↑ The letter is reproduced on pages 1 and 2 in the online PDF version of the work that can be downloaded under "Fonts" above
  22. ↑ See Sharia in Germany - how Muslim fanatics unmolested call for violence ( Memento from April 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). In: Kontraste (ARD), broadcast on May 13, 2004 rbb-online.de (video on Youtube Kontraste - Sharia in Germany - Violence against women - Interview with Serap Cileli ). As a "reference book" the font is z. B. expressly recommended on the list of books at the Bamberg Mosque.
  23. ↑ Quotation from: ZMO event on Yusuf al-Qaradawi and Islam-Online ( Memento from October 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), ufuq.de (Dialog-Forum), February 25, 2009.
  24. ^ Digitalized version of the 3rd edition, Dār aš-Šurūq , Cairo, 2001
  25. ↑ Digital version of the 3rd edition, Dār aš-Šurūq , Cairo, 2008.
  26. ↑ al-Qaraḍāwī: Min Fiqh ad-Daula fī l-Islām . 2001, pp. 58, 62.
  27. ↑ al-Qaraḍāwī: Min Fiqh ad-Daula fī l-Islām . 2001, p. 58.
  28. ↑ al-Qaraḍāwī: Min Fiqh ad-Daula fī l-Islām . 2001, p. 59.
  29. ↑ al-Qaraḍāwī: Min Fiqh ad-Daula fī l-Islām . 2001, p. 138.
  30. ↑ al-Qaraḍāwī: Min Fiqh ad-Daula fī l-Islām . 2001, p. 139.
  31. ↑ Own translation from English according to source . A little more detailed ( memento from June 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). In Arabic: 'Al-Hulul al Mustawradah wa Kayfa Jaat `alaa Ummatina' or Engl." How the imported solutions disastrously affected our Ummah. " P. 113f. A translation by Thomas von der Osten-Sacken , source unknown, is even clearer : “There is no doubt that secularism contradicts Islam in every respect. There are two different ways ... choosing one means rejecting the other. Therefore, whoever chooses Islam must reject secularism. ”In [[jungle world]], August 1, 2013, p. 12
  32. ↑ Al-Qaraḍāwī: aṣ-Ṣaḥwa al-islāmīya min al-murāhaqa ilā r-rušd . 2002, p. 326.
  33. ↑ a b c Jusuf al-Qaradawi: What is permitted and prohibited in Islam. Munich 1989, p. 276 f.
  34. ↑ See Schirrmacher: "There is no compulsion in religion" . 2015, p. 165.
  35. ↑ Qaradawi flays Pope's 'hostile act' ( Memento of 15 April 2008 at the Internet Archive ), Gulf Times, April 12 of 2008.
  36. ↑ a b Jusuf al-Qaradawi: What is permitted and prohibited in Islam. Munich 1989, p. 175 f.
  37. ^ Divorcing a Wife Who Refuses to Wear Hijab ( Memento from August 31, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) islamOnline, December 11, 2003
  38. ↑ IslamOnline Fatwa Bank, Qaradawi on Nov 6, 2006 ( Memento of February 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  39. ↑ Qaradāwī on Al Jazeera TV (Qatar), December 30, 2001, translated into English by MEMRI Inquiry and Analysis Series No. 82 : Islamic Clerics Explain the Rationale
  40. ^ Qaradāwī on Qatar TV, March 12, 2006, Memri No. 1074, March 12, 2006 Sheik Yousuf Al-Qaradhawi's Conditions for Muslim Men Who Want to Marry Christian and Jewish Women in the West
  41. ↑ Circumcision: Juristic, Medical & Social Perspectives ( Memento of September 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Qaradāwī, islamOnline December 13, 2004
  42. ↑ What anti-FGM fatwas cannot achieve A plea for the sexual independence of women by Mary Kreutzer, Frauensolidarität 2/07, pp. 30–31
  43. ^ Egypt bans female circumcision after death of 12-year-old girl Ian Black, The Guardian, June 30, 2007
  44. ↑ Fatwa on female genital mutilation ( memento of February 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) on islamonline.net of July 1, 2002
  45. ↑ PDF at www.stopfgm.net ( Memento from September 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  46. ↑ Jusuf al-Qaradawi: What is permitted and prohibited in Islam. Munich 1989, pp. 146f, 160.
  47. ↑ according to the daily Al-Watan, Qatar, quoted on Qaradāwī's website on October 25, 2004, "Martyrdom Operations Are the Greatest Form of Jihad", English translation: Memri Special Report - No. 35
  48. ↑ Qaradāwī on Al Jazeera TV (Qatar), English translation: Sheikh Al-Qaradhawi in Favor of Suicide Operations Memri No. 45, April 25, 2004
  49. ↑ Qaradāwī on Iqra TV March 12, 2006, Sheik Yousuf Al-Qaradhawi Justifies the Killing of Israeli Women and Children in Suicide Operations Memri No. 1093, March 12, 2006
  50. ↑ London Arabic-language daily Asharq al-Awsat Interview with Qaradāwī, July 19, 2003, English translation: Memri Special Dispatch Series - No. 542
  51. ↑ Al Jazeera, January 21, 2009, cit. in the Wiener Zeitung: "Lively influx for fundamentalists" , May 7, 2009 (accessed on November 21, 2013)
  52. ↑ cf. Karl Pfeifer : Qaradawi wants to complete Hitler's deed.
  53. ↑ Islamic Views on Erecting Statues ( Memento of December 26, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) islamOnline, April 3, 2006
  54. ↑ on Al Jazeera December 2002; similarly in 1995 in Toledo (Ohio) at a conference of the Muslim Arab Youth Association (MAYA): What remains, then, is to conquer Rome. The second part of the omen. “The city of Hiraq [once emperor of Constantinople] will be conquered first”, so what remains is to conquer Rome. This means that Islam will come back to Europe for the third time, after it was expelled from it twice… Conquest through Da'wa [proselytizing], that is what we hope for. We will conquer Europe, we will conquer America! Not through sword, but through Da'wa.
  55. ^ Bettina Gräf: In Search of a Global Islamic Authority . In: Isim Review 15, Leiden 2005, p. 47.
  56. ↑ english.alarabiya.net: Arab powers list 59 individuals as Qatar-linked terrorism supporters (June 9, 2017) - accessed September 25, 2017
  57. ↑ See Götz Nordbruch : Review of: Gräf, Bettina; Skovgaard-Petersen, Jakob (Ed.): The Global Mufti. The Phenomenon of Yusuf Al-Qaradawi. London 2008 . In: H-Soz-u-Kult , March 3, 2010.
personal data
SURNAME Qaradawi, Yusuf al-
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Karadawy; Qaradawy; يوسف القرضاوي
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Islamic scholar, preacher and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH December 9, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Juice Turab , Egypt