Flying spaghetti monster

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Flying spaghetti monster as a rag doll
A logo (bumper sticker) of the flying spaghetti monster - an allusion to a widespread representation of the Eucharistic fish
The flying spaghetti monster (right) and the Darwin fish (left) as pins

The Flying Spaghetti Monster ( English Flying Spaghetti Monster , short: FSM ) is referred to in the religious parody Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster published in 2006 as a deity who is said to have created the universe with the phrase "Let there be light" . The author is the American Bobby Henderson , who, in the discussion about curricula for biology teaching in the US state of Kansas, sided with the theory of evolution and against the creationist pseudoscience of intelligent design .

Following the model of established religions, church structures and communities were built up in various countries in the following years and state recognition as a religious and ideological community was sought and in some cases achieved. In the German-speaking world, the name of this worldview is pastafarianism (a suitcase word from pasta and the Rastafarian movement), its members refer to themselves as Pastafari. The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster e. V. (KdFSMD) has been recognized in Germany since 2011 as a non-profit body that "exclusively and directly promotes church purposes". The KdFSMD sees itself as a ideological community on an equal footing with the religious communities and sees itself in the tradition of evolutionary humanism .

Name, idea and distribution

The name of the flying spaghetti monster comes from its resemblance to a large serving of spaghetti with meatballs and pope eyes. Instead of talking about the "hand of God" Pastafari of "His Nudeligen appendage" ( His Noodly appendage ).

The reason for the establishment of this religion was the public discussion about the teaching of intelligent design in biology classes in American schools. With reference to the argument of equality - also used by the advocates of intelligent design - and the previously unsuccessful refutation of the arguments of intelligent design ( Argumentum ad ignorantiam ), Henderson demanded in an open letter to the Kansas school board that his doctrine of faith must also be accepted how the creationist can be taught in class. This demand was understood as a parody and is intended to show that religious content has no place in science teaching, regardless of personal belief.

Since then, the FSM has been gaining sympathizers around the world . The action has developed into a socio-cultural phenomenon. Dozens of blogs helped spread the word. The enormous prize money that is offered for refuting the idea also caused a stir. Parodying an existing bet by creationist Kent Hovind , the blog Boing Boing writes :

"We are willing to pay any individual * $ 250,000 if they can produce empirical evidence which proves that Jesus is not the son of the Flying Spaghetti Monster."

"We are ready to pay $ 250,000 to anyone who can provide empirical evidence that Jesus is not the son of the Flying Spaghetti Monster."

- Boing Boing's $ 250,000 Intelligent Design challenge

The prize money has since increased to over a million dollars. The point here, however, is only to underline the principle of the impossibility of such proof: It is not a Pastafarian doctrine that Jesus is the son of the Flying Spaghetti Monster.

According to the First United Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster in Germany , there are more than thirty million Pastafari worldwide. However, this figure is not supported by surveys.

According to the Gospel, the former US President George W. Bush is counted among the "secret" Pastafari based on the statement:

"Education also means confronting people with different doctrines."

Tenets

Central beliefs

The Impact of Decreasing Pirate Numbers on Global Warming

→ Main article: Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster

  • The world was created by the undetectable flying spaghetti monster. All references to an evolution were deliberately scattered by this same person in order to confuse people.
  • The gravity does not exist. The truth is, the FSM presses everything to the ground with its noodle-like appendages ("earth pressure").
  • Bobby Henderson is the prophet of this religion.
  • Pirates are revered as the original pastafari. The life maxim of the believers is "WWAPD?" ("What Would A Pirate Do?", English for "What would a pirate do?") In allusion to the Christian slogan WWJD ("What would Jesus do?", German: "What would Jesus do? ”). The Flying Spaghetti Monster requires the wearing of pirate insignia ( full pirate regalia ).
  • The only cause of global warming , hurricanes and all other natural disasters is the declining number of pirates since the beginning of the 19th century. This is considered empirically proven under Pastafari. In this context, the ambiguous, English expression was "Pirates are cool!" Known to cool , in this case both as worn as a cool understood. In 2008, Henderson interpreted the growing pirate activity on the Gulf of Aden as further empirical evidence for the correctness of the global warming dogma, since it was found that Somalia had the highest pirate density and at the same time the lowest CO 2 emissions worldwide.
  • After death, the believers in “Heaven” have access to a beer volcano and a stripper factory.
  • The followers end prayers with the word ramen (often also written RAmen ), the name for a type of noodle that is particularly widespread in Japan.
  • In the book The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster , among other things, analogous to the Ten Commandments of Christianity, the eight "I would really prefer you not ..." are described, which are preached by the spaghetti monster. The principles stated therein speak out against, among other things, discrimination , prejudice , religious dogmas , coercion and misogyny . The eighth “I would really prefer you not ...” describes a modified form of the Golden Rule , it calls for free love and the use of condoms .

The eight "I would really prefer you not ..."

The Flying Spaghetti Monster hands over eight to pirate captain Mosey: "I would really prefer you not ..."
  1. I would really prefer you not to act like a holy hypocrite when you describe my noodle goodness. If some people don't believe in me, that's okay. I am not so vain. Also, it's not about this, so don't deviate from the topic.
  2. I would really prefer you not to use my existence as a means to suppress, subjugate, punish, destroy, or you already know someone. I don't ask for or need any sacrifices. And purity is for drinking water, not for people.
  3. I'd really rather you not judge people for their looks or what clothes they wear or how they talk or whatever - just be nice, okay? Oh, and get that into your thick head: woman = person. Man = person. Clear? Clear. One is no better than the other as long as we don't talk about fashion. I'm sorry, but I left it up to the women and some guys who know the difference between dark turquoise and scarlet.
  4. I really would prefer you not do anything to embarrass yourself or your willing, adult, and sane partner. If that doesn't suit you, you can lick me - I think the formulation is: lick the A ****. If that doesn't suit you, the best thing to do is turn off the telly and take a walk for a change.
  5. I'd really prefer you not to listen to the uptight, misogynistic ideas of others on an empty stomach. Eat something, then mess with the idiots.
  6. I really would rather you not build multimillion dollar churches, mosques, temples, shrines for My Noodle Goodness. The money can now really be invested more sensibly. Pick something:
    • End poverty
    • To cure diseases
    • Live in peace, love with passion, and cut the cost of cable television.
      I may be a complex, omniscient carbohydrate being, but I like the simple things in life. I need to know, I am the creator.
  7. I really would prefer you not to go around telling people that I would speak to you. You are not THAT interesting. Take yourself back. And I already told you that you should love your fellow human beings, can't you see any clues?
  8. I really would prefer you not treat others the way you would like to be treated yourself, unless you're into stuff that, um, has a lot of leather, lube, and Las Vegas involved. If the other person likes it too, then do it, see also point 4, take photos, and, for Mike's sake, use CONDOMS! If I hadn't wanted it to feel good, I would have tinkered with spikes or something.

history

Pastafari of the Pirate Party of Germany at the protest against Scientology

In June 2005, Bobby Henderson wrote an open letter to the school board of Kansas , USA , in which he demanded that his faith - FSMism - as well as the fundamentalist Christian belief in creationism be taught in public schools. The number of visits to Henderson's website has gradually increased since then and peaked in August 2005 after it was linked on various blogs.

On his website, Henderson quotes George W. Bush , among others , who advocates teaching school children non-evolutionary beliefs like intelligent design . Therefore, Henderson feels that his concern to have pastafarianism taught was encouraged by Bush, who was President of the United States at the time.

The idea was presented in numerous modifications parodying regionally represented Christian sects in the USA : the Cult of Oregano , the Reformed Church of Alfredo , Orthodox Monsterist Church of West Virginia , Mystical Order of the Flying Spaghetti Monster , the Moomin Church of His Spaghettiness from Jersey ( Channel Islands ) or the SPAM ( The Spaghetti & Pulsar Activating Meatballs , German: The spaghetti and pulsar activating meatballs ; the abbreviation is a play on words with spam ).

Germany

Information sign on Templiner pasta fair

In Germany, the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Berlin-Brandenburg was founded as a registered association in Templin  in 2006 . This later opened nationwide and became the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Germany e. V. Since 2008 the association has been a member of the support group of the evolutionary-humanistic Giordano Bruno Foundation . The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster e. V. (KdFSMD) has been recognized as a non-profit body since 2011, which "exclusively and directly promotes church purposes". The statutory goal of the KdFSMD is to spread an open and tolerant ethic in the sense of evolutionary humanism . Until 2018 Rüdiger Weida , aka Brother Spaghettus, was chairman of the KdFSMD, followed by Jan Splett as chairman of the association.

Since 2013 the association has been holding weddings (including same-sex), baptizing, consecrating buildings, cars, etc. and holding a pasta fair every Friday at 10 a.m. in Templin. This will be announced on the four access roads to Templin on signs. The fight for these signs, which are now hanging on masts in the city of Templin, made the association known nationwide. The Landesbetrieb Straßenwesen in Brandenburg initially approved the erection of the signs in 2014, but withdrew this approval following pressure from Sabine Kunst (SPD), the then Minister for Science, Research and Culture of the State of Brandenburg .

During the secular bus campaign in May 2019, the KdFSMD carried out a ritual consecration of the Leipzig University Aula Paulinum as part of a protest against the amalgamation of state and church , and held a public pasta fair at the final rally at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin.

In December 2019, the KdFSMD announced that it would set up an evolutionary path through the history of the earth on the occasion of Templin's 750th anniversary in 2020 in the Bürgergarten there. On the day of the handover on June 5, 2020, Mayor Detlef Tabbert said that the path offers "many interesting details on geology, biology and history" and that he supports the project, as "the theory of evolution has been scientifically proven". With the evolution path, the association wants to advertise its convictions and recognition as a ideological community. The Tagesspiegel quoted Weida as saying: “We are a worldview community that wants to bring evolutionary humanism to the people. But we are fighting to ensure that we are equated with the religious communities, which still have a great many unjustified privileges. ”According to Weida, these include, among other things, the exemption of the churches from tax and court costs, but also the special right to employ or employ people according to their worldview to refuse.

For several years the KdFSMD has been conducting various judicial proceedings at all levels up to the European Court of Human Rights in an effort to gain recognition as a ideological community . It sees itself as a ideological community on an equal footing with the religious communities and sees itself in the tradition of evolutionary humanism as represented by the Giordano Bruno Foundation .

In a legal dispute before the Frankfurt (Oder) regional court, the KdFSMD initially failed, but appealed to the Brandenburg Higher Regional Court. The appeal was dismissed on April 13, 2016. The association then lodged a complaint with the Federal Constitutional Court . The complaint was dismissed on October 11, 2018. In the next step, the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Germany lodged a complaint with the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg in April 2019, but it was rejected for formal reasons.

A constitutional complaint is currently pending for the recognition of the pirate headscarf as ideological headgear, for which the KdFSMD is supported by the Institute for Weltanschauungsrecht (ifw). This is intended to clarify three legal aspects:

  • State authority to decide which organization is a church or religious community;
  • Equal rights for ideological and religious communities;
  • Strength of religious or ideological duty.

In May 2020, Fabian Dörner was the first member of the Bamberg Council to be allowed to swear in a pastafarian swearing-in ceremony in Germany. As a pledge, he used the Pastafarian affirmation formula "I vowed noodle".

Austria

In April 2014 the Austrian “Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster” applied for official recognition . However, the Austrian Office of Culture denied the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster the state recognition as a religious community on the grounds that there was no reference to religious teaching. As a result, from January 8, 2018, the application of the "Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster" (KdFSM) for recognition as a denominational community was negotiated before the Federal Administrative Court (BVwG). After a dispute over jurisdiction, the Constitutional Court declared the Federal Administrative Court to be responsible in November 2017.

On the first day of the trial, the judge declared that he intended to question up to 300 Pastafari as witnesses about their religious practice of "pastafarimus". The ORF's religious editors presume behind this is to “determine whether there is actually the number of at least 300 believers required for recognition in Austria.” However, after 4 years of negotiations on March 22, 2018, the BVwG turned it down. Explanation: For recognition as a religious community, in addition to a new application, proof of membership of at least 2 per thousand of the population - around 17,000 people - and that the community has been in existence for 20 years in Austria would have been necessary.

Europe

Since 2012 there have been efforts in Poland to have the “Polish Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster” ( Polski Kościół Latającego Potwora Spaghetti ) recognized under public law. In March 2013, the registration application was rejected by the Ministry of Public Administration and Digitization on the grounds that the church was not founded for the purpose of communal religious belief and proselytizing, but rather to criticize religion (in Poland, non-religious ideological communities are not on an equal footing with the churches). The application and its rejection met with strong press coverage.

China

In 2019, the Hainan Provincial Communist Party Committee asked Hainan Medical College to look out for members of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster among staff and students and to report them to the authorities.

New Zealand

In New Zealand , the Spaghetti Monster Church has agreed to carry out weddings of gay and lesbian couples, which has been possible by the state since 2013, but has so far been rejected by the Anglican and Catholic Churches. Since December 10, 2015, the Spaghetti Monster Church has officially been allowed to hold church weddings. Karen Martyn, the first person in New Zealand to legally marry couples on behalf of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, was appointed as "Ministeroni" (Popess).

The world's first legally recognized marriage according to the spaghetti monster rite - a heterosexual couple - was concluded on April 16, 2016 in New Zealand on a small ship near the coastal city of Christchurch .

Holidays and celebrations

On Blue Thursday, the beginning of the Passtah Festival, the pirate fish (also: Jollyfish) is honored
Pastafari with a large FSM doll in pirate costumes at a midsummer celebration in Fremont (Seattle) , Washington (June 22, 2013)

Pastafari celebrate the following holidays and festivals:

  • At Christmas time , the Pastafari celebrate the Holidays. Since Pastafari do not need to adhere to religious dogmas, there are no clearly defined days, times, processions or places for this festival. It is usually celebrated with the family and a sumptuous meal.
  • The Passtahfest corresponds to the Passover of the Jews and the Christian Easter . During this time, Pastafari eat large quantities of pasta, which is prepared by family members in pirate clothing. The jollyfish or pirate fish as the answer to the Christian Ichthys symbol, the Eucharistic fish, is honored by Pastafari especially on Blue Thursday. As a symbol of pastafarianism, however, it is also used worldwide regardless of public holidays.
  • Ramendan corresponds to Ramadan , the Islamic fasting season . Pastafari at that time only ate ramen , the instant noodle soup popular with students , to commemorate the time when they were still hungry students. Ramendan is probably the most uncommercial Pastafarian holiday as there are no Passtahfest specials. At the end of Lent, Pastafari give away the leftover supply of instant noodle soup to those in need.
  • On Halloween , the Pastafari commemorate the pirates when they sailed the seas in freedom. Pastafari usually dress up as pirates for Halloween and give away sweets to children. According to the Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, pirates used to be known for handing out candy to children. But pirates stopped doing this when they began to be tracked.
  • On September 19th, the Pastafari celebrate “ Speak Like a Pirate Day ”, when you dress up like a pirate and add an “Arrr” as a closing word to every sentence. Pastafari are called on to proselytizing campaigns on this day, as grog can induce even the most stubborn of people to adopt pastafarianism. Allegedly around 50% of the annual accessions to FSMism take place on this day. This day is celebrated in the popular MMORPGs World of Warcraft and Guild Wars .
  • Every Friday is a public holiday for the Pastafari . On this day, as a Pastafari, you should take it easy. Friday stands for the afterlife of the Pastafari - the beer volcano and the stripper manufactory.
  • The day known as Good Friday among Christians is a day of joy for Pastafari. According to pastafarian legends, “the first noodle was cooked that day”, which is why Pastafari call it Cooking Friday .
  • On January 6th, the Pastafari celebrate “The Three Cooks in a Hurry” (Fusilli, Spaghetti, Maccheroni) and mark their doors with their initials and the year. This holiday corresponds to the Christian three kings day .
  • On the same day as Ascension Day , the Pastafari celebrate “Monsters Himmelfall”, because on this day the flying spaghetti monster (allegedly) fell out of bed and thus triggered the Big Bang .
  • Furthermore include all commercially advertised holidays to the feast days of Pastafari .

In the USA it has become common practice to refer to religious holidays neutrally as “holidays”, especially in advertising campaigns, in order not to exclude people of different faiths. Pastafari regards this as a commitment to their faith.

Headgear

Pastafari with three-cornered hat, rolling pin and gospel. Photo: Andreas Krüskemper (2019)

Traditional headgear of the Pastafari is the pirate hat. This follows from the clear requirement in the Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster:

Also, it shows a lack of respect to spread our faith without wearing the regalia of His choice - the pirate's creep. That cannot be emphasized enough, but unfortunately not explained in more detail because there is not enough space here. The precise explanation is: IT becomes angry if we don't.

Since 2011, as a result of an action by the Austrian atheist Niko Alm , the noodle sieve has also been worn, which is why the wearers are also referred to as Almists. Up to this point in time, “the noodle sieve was not assigned any special role in pasta dishes”. As an official headgear, it is particularly controversial among Pastafarians who have been involved for many years, even though it has spread widely around the world thanks to the popularity of the Alms political campaign.

Alm had had himself photographed with a noodle sieve as a headgear for his driver's license photo . He wanted to criticize a privilege granted to members of religious communities over non-members. The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster was known to him in this context, but the official Austrian branch he co-founded has only existed since 2012. In Austrian law there are no regulations for driving licenses with regard to religious headgear, unlike in the Federal Republic of Germany. Only the face must be fully recognizable ( Section 2 Paragraph 1 Z1 lit. h of the Driving License Act Implementation Ordinance). The driver's license was issued after a summons to the medical officer and was picked up by Alm three years after the application was made in 2011. With Rüdiger Weida, the former chairman of the KdFSMD e. V., who had himself photographed with a Jollyfish pirate scarf for the driver's license photo in Germany in 2011, the religious reference was clearly recognizable for the official on the driver's license office.

Rüdiger Weida, aka Brother Spaghettus, has also been fighting in court since 2013 for a photo with a pirate scarf as a religious headgear on his identity card. An ID card application with a corresponding passport photo was rejected by the issuing authority. By contrast, the lawsuit filed by Weida in December 2013 before the Potsdam Administrative Court was dismissed with a judgment of November 13, 2015. The Berlin-Brandenburg Higher Administrative Court did not allow the appeal process and also rejected the non-admission complaint in 2016. Weida then brought an action before the Federal Constitutional Court. In this case, too, the fundamental question is whether the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster is worthy of recognition as a ideological community and whether the pirate scarf is to be regarded as a religious headgear.

With regard to the entry of his religious name, Brother Spaghettus, in the identity card under the heading "Order or artist name", however, he had more success in 2019. As Daniela Wakonigg reports, however, "the name [...] was registered as an artist name and not as a religious name, because the registration of religious names is currently limited to the constitutionally protected religious communities."

Pastafari with a colander ( Milan , June 2, 2012)

In 2013, Belgian Alain Graulus applied for an identity card with a photo showing him with a turquoise plastic pasta colander as a headgear. In Belgium , wearing headgear on identification documents is only permitted if the applicant can give religious or medical reasons. Graulus invokes such religious protection with reference to his affiliation with pastafarianism. The residents' authority of the provincial capital Hasselt has refused to issue the document. Graulus, on the other hand, intervened with the anti-discrimination authority.

The Czech politician Lukas Novy had a temporary identity card issued in Brno , in the photo of which he wore the pasta strainer. Following the intervention of the Czech Ministry of the Interior, the identity card was declared invalid because the belief in the flying spaghetti monster is not recognized as a religion.

There are also notable incidents outside of Europe: on January 2, 2014 in Chautauqua County (New York) Christopher Schaeffer swore his oath of office as a member of the Pomfret Town Council with a sieve on his head.

art

The picture Touched by His Noodly Appendage (“ Touched by his noodle appendage”, left) parodies Michelangelo's fresco The Creation of Adam (right).

  • Touched by His Noodly Appendage HD.jpg
  • Creación de Adám.jpg

literature

  • Bobby Henderson: The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. (Original title: The Gospel of The Flying Spaghetti Monster translated by Jörn Ingwersen). Goldmann Manhattan , Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-442-54628-2 (paperback edition: Goldmann Taschenbuch 5462, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-442-54262-8 ).
  • Daniela Wakonigg / Winfried Rath: The Flying Spaghetti Monster. Religion or parody of religion? Alibri , Aschaffenburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-86569-272-6 .
  • Michael Blume : The return of the unicorns. A pragmatic analysis of a new religious belief movement. In: Marie-Luise Raters (Ed.): Why Religion ?: Pragmatic and pragmatic considerations on the function of religion in life . Verlag Karl Alber, Freiburg / Munich 2015, p. 53ff. ISBN 978-3495486818 .
  • Carole M. Cusack: Invented Religions: Imagination, Fiction and Faith . Taylor & Francis, 2010. ISBN 978-0754667803 .

Web links

Commons : Flying Spaghetti Monster  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Pastafarianism  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Daniela Wakonigg / Winfried Rath: Das Fliegende Spaghettimonster. Religion or parody of religion? Alibri , Aschaffenburg 2017
  2. ^ Florian Gasser : Parody of religion: noodle sieve instead of crucifix. ZEIT, May 2, 2014, accessed April 16, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Spaghetti monsters created the world and life - didn't they? . In: Die Welt from August 15, 2005
  4. ↑ In the beginning there was the dough . In: taz from September 1, 2005
  5. ↑ My God, a noodle monster! . In: Der Spiegel from August 23, 2005
  6. ↑ a b Brother Spaghettus: We are non-profit! In: fsm-uckermark.blogspot.com. Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Germany, April 19, 2011, accessed on July 15, 2020 .
  7. ↑ a b Notice of exemption from the Angermünde tax office dated October 31, 2019 for the years 2015 to 2017.
  8. ↑ a b ifw: constitutional complaint: Recognition of pirate headscarf as ideological headgear. September 20, 2019, accessed April 16, 2020 .
  9. ^ German translation of the letter
  10. ↑ Kent Hovind's $ 250,000 Offer
  11. ↑ Boing Boing's $ 250,000 Intelligent Design challenge. ( Memento of December 29, 2005 in the Internet Archive ), August 19, 2005
  12. ^ Brother Spaghettus: The word for Friday - PastAchse Berlin - Rome. We, dear brothers and sisters, are not alone. In: pastafari.eu. Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster e. V., May 23, 2013, accessed November 10, 2019 .
  13. ^ Bobby Henderson: The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, 2nd edition, Goldmann Verlag, Munich, 2008, p. 13.
  14. ↑ The phenomenon of earth pressure is expressly not Intelligent Falling . Just like Unintelligent Design , Intelligent Falling is a religious parody completely independent of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. Intelligent Falling is not mentioned in any of the eight "I'd really rather you wouldn't ...", let alone in the Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster . It goes without saying that the religious parodies have similarities. Andreas Müller: Spaghetti monsters and pink unicorns. In: hpd.de. October 23, 2006, accessed April 28, 2020 .
  15. ↑ Relationship between global warming and the number of active pirates (GIF graphic)
  16. ^ Somalia - Lots of Pirates, low carbon emissions thesis with a collection of arguments
  17. ^ Bobby Henderson: The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, pp. 112-114, 2008, 2nd edition, Munich: Goldmann Verlag.
  18. ↑ Kathy Gilsinan: Big in Europe: The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. In: theatlantic.com. November 1, 2016, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  19. ↑ In the beginning there was the noodle . In: Der Tagesspiegel , July 18, 2007
  20. ^ Articles of Association and Fee Regulations. In: Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Germany. Accessed November 24, 2019 (German).
  21. ↑ L. Gerulat and M. Schön: Gay wedding in Pastafari Church. In: youtube.de. Uckermark-TV, November 5, 2018, accessed on November 24, 2019 .
  22. ↑ Brother Spaghettus: The Word for Friday - Heretic Day. In: fsm-uckermark.blogspot.com. Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Germany, Uckermark municipality, May 18, 2018, accessed on November 24, 2019 .
  23. ↑ epd: Flying Spaghetti Monster. Trouble about "pasta fairs" in Templin. In: Potsdamer Latest News - pnn.de. November 28, 2014, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  24. ^ The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. In: bbc.co.uk. February 27, 2015, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  25. ↑ Ben Knight: Quirky church, Flying Spaghetti Monster, hits court wall. In: Deutsche Welle - dw.com. April 13, 2016, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  26. ↑ a b Daniela Wakonigg: European court rejects spaghetti monster complaint. In: Humanistic Press Service - hpd.de. June 20, 2019, accessed December 21, 2019 .
  27. ↑ Brother Spaghettus: Stand back, Frau Kunst! In: fsm-uckermark.blogspot.com. Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Germany, Uckermark municipality, 23 July 2015, accessed on 12 December 2019 .
  28. ↑ Gisa Bodenstein: Leipzig University Church rededicated according to the Pastafari rite. In: hpd. May 31, 2019, accessed April 16, 2020 .
  29. ^ Gisa Bodenstein: Finale at the Brandenburg Gate. June 4, 2019, accessed April 16, 2020 .
  30. ↑ Sigrid Werner: Church of the flying spaghetti monster: Evolution path in the citizen garden. Nordkurier.de, December 7, 2019, accessed April 16, 2020 .
  31. ↑ Sandra Dassler: Spaghetti Monster Church opens evolution path. Der Tagesspiegel, June 7, 2020, accessed on June 8, 2020 .
  32. ↑ "Spaghettimonsterkirche" donates "Evolutionsweg" in Templin. RBB, June 6, 2020, accessed June 8, 2020 .
  33. ↑ Templin: "Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster" donates "Evolution Path". Märkische Allgemeine, June 7, 2020, accessed June 8, 2020 .
  34. ↑ Sandra Dassler: Spaghetti Monster Church opens evolution path. Der Tagesspiegel, June 7, 2020, accessed on June 8, 2020 .
  35. ^ David Crossland: Pastafarians hungry for recognition. In: The Sunday Times - thetimes.co.uk. August 2, 2017, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  36. ^ Katrin Bischoff: Process of the week. The spaghetti monsters and their pasta fair. In: berliner-zeitung.de. July 31, 2017, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  37. ^ Decision wording Citizens Service Berlin-Brandenburg
  38. ↑ Daniela Wakonigg: Federal Constitutional Court dismisses Spaghetti Monster action. In: Humanistic Press Service - hpd.de. October 31, 2018, accessed November 24, 2019 .
  39. ^ Constitutional complaint: recognition of pirate headscarves as ideological headgear. Retrieved April 16, 2020 .
  40. ↑ Daniela Wakonigg: "I vowed noodle". In: Humanistic press service . June 19, 2020, accessed June 25, 2020 .
  41. ↑ Fun “Church” of the “Pastafaris” applies for recognition orf.at, accessed on April 26, 2014
  42. ^ Official announcement ( memento of June 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) of the Office of Culture from April 28, 2014
  43. ↑ Spaghetti Monster is not a church . In: Zeit online from June 1, 2014
  44. ↑ Decision wording of the BVwG. In: Federal legal information system. Federal Ministry for Digitization and Business Location, March 28, 2018, accessed on November 10, 2019 .
  45. ↑ Red .: Austrian Pastafaris disappointed with failed recognition. In: hpd.de. Humanistic Press Service, March 28, 2018, accessed November 10, 2019 .
  46. ^ "Pastafari": Negotiations could take months religion.orf.at, January 8, 2018, accessed January 8, 2018.
  47. ↑ Michał Boni : Decyzja. (PDF; 1.9 MB) March 15, 2013, accessed April 8, 2013 (Polish).
  48. ↑ Wojciech Mucha: CHCA zarejestrować kpinę for religii. In: Gazeta Polska Codziennie. January 11, 2013, accessed April 8, 2013 . Ryszard Wolff: W co wierzą pastafarianie ?: Makaronicy. In: Polityka . January 29, 2013, accessed April 8, 2013 . Marcin Markowski: Świat stworzył Latający Potwór Spaghetti. In: Gazeta Wyborcza . March 15, 2013, accessed November 24, 2019 .

  49. ↑ Daniela Wakonigg: China: Religious Persecution of the Spaghetti Monster? hpd.de, December 18, 2019, accessed on May 19, 2020 .
  50. ↑ Spaghetti Monster Believers: New Zealand introduces the noodle marriage. Spiegel-Online from December 17, 2015.
  51. ^ Marriage (Approval of Organizations) Notice No. 22 of the Government of New Zealand of December 10, 2015: Acknowledgment of the Church as an organization authorized to enter into marriages, to which the Marriage Act 1955 relates.
  52. ↑ Spaghetti Monster Church: There are so many married couples who wish they had never married , Spiegel-Online from March 10, 2016
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  61. ↑ World of Warcraft Europe → Info → Events → Pirate Day Description of the Pirate Day in World of Warcraft
  62. ↑ International Talk Like a Pirate Day Description of Pirate Day in Guild Wars
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  83. ↑ Pastafarian politician takes oath of office wearing colander on his head - Daily News, January 7, 2014.
  84. ^ Pastafarian minister Christopher Schaeffer is sworn into New York Town Council - The Independent, January 7, 2014.