490 BC Chr.
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| 490 BC Chr. | |
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 under General Datis in the Battle of Marathon . |
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| 490 BC Chr. In other calendars | |
| Buddhist calendar | 54/55 (southern Buddhism); 53/54 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 36th (37th) cycle , year of the metal pig辛亥 ( at the beginning of the year metal dog庚戌) |
| Greek calendar | 2nd / 3rd Year of the 72nd Olympiad |
| Jewish calendar | 3271/72 |
| Roman calendar | from urbe condita CCLXIV (264) |
| Ongoing events | |
| Persian Wars against Greece (since 500 BC) | |
| Nok culture in Africa (since around 500 BC) | |
| Sa Huynh culture in Central and South Vietnam (since around 500 BC) | |
| 27th Dynasty (Persian rule) (since 525 BC) during the Late Period in Egypt (since 664 BC) | |
Attic vase painting in Greece:
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| Iron Age III in Israel (since 587 BC) | |
| Hallstatt period HaD in Europe (since 650 BC) | |
| Eastern Zhou dynasty / period of spring and autumn annals in China (since 770/722 BC) | |
| Dong-Son culture in northern Vietnam and southern China (since around 800 BC) | |
| Middle Preclassic period among the Maya (since approx. 900 BC) | |
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Antiquity in the Mediterranean region (since approx. 1200/800 BC)
Classical era in Greece (since approx. 500 BC), strict style (from approx. 490 BC) |
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| La Venta period among the Olmecs in Mesoamerica (since approx. 1500 BC) | |
The year 490 BC BC experienced the first climax of the Persian Wars . The Persian great king Darius I commissioned his generals Datis and Artaphernes with a punitive expedition against Athens and the other Greek city-states that supported the Ionic uprising against the Achaemenid Empire . The Persians are supported by 510 BC. Chr. Overthrown Athenian tyrant Hippias , who hopes for a re-establishment of his tyranny in Athens. After initial success, Datis suffered a defeat at Marathon against an Attic army under Miltiades . The Persian army must differ from the Greek retreat, while it only mainland 10 years later will return.
Events
Politics and world events
Persian Wars
The Persians conquered during the war against the Greek city-states , the Cyclades to the main island of Naxos . Eretria is burned to the ground by the Persians under Datis and Artaphernes after the conquest because of its participation in the Ionian uprising . According to later sources, 780 people were abducted and the survivors settled in the Ekbatana plain in the land of the Kissians .
In late summer, a Persian expedition army lands in Attica near Marathon , accompanied by the former Athenian tyrant Hippias . Athens sends express couriers to Sparta with a request for support, which, however, refuses with reference to the Karneia festival that is currently taking place .
The Athenians and Plataeans under Miltiades the Younger and Callimachus of Cyrene defeat the Persian forces of the Achaemenid great king Darius I under the commanders Datis and Artaphernes in the battle of Marathon . The date of the battle is uncertain, possibly September 12th .
According to legend, the messenger Pheidippides then runs from Marathon to Athens to announce the news of the victory. Military support from Sparta arrives three days after the battle .
Sparta
Around 490 BC In Sparta the conspiracy against the former king Damaratus in the previous year, the originator of the conspiracy, Cleomenes I , is expelled. However, he is allowed to return a little later after he has gathered strong troops in the area. Back in Sparta , however, he is thrown into prison by his half-brother Leonidas, where he dies a little later - allegedly by suicide. His half-brother, under the name Leonidas I , succeeds him as King of Sparta from the Agiad family . The second ruler of the double kingship has been Leotychidas II from the family of the Eurypontids since the previous year , who profited from the fall of Daramato. Daramatos himself remains in exile in the Persian Empire .
Roman Republic
According to legend, Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus and Spurius Larcius were consuls of the early Roman Republic . The latter takes up his post for the second time after 506 .
Culture
China
The philosopher and former statesman Confucius visits the state of Cai on his multi-year wandering through the empires during the spring and autumn annals in China .
King Goujian returns to his kingdom of Yue from several years imprisonment in Wu .
Greece
The Greek potter Brygos is from around 490 to around 470 BC. Chr. In Athens operates. The Triptolemos painter was also active in the polis around the same period. The Greek vase painter begins his training in Euphronius ' workshop , where he learns from Duris . His style is primarily archiving .
- around 490 BC Chr .: The Athenian general and politician Callimachos of Cyrene donates a Nike figure on the Athens Acropolis before his death in the Battle of Marathon .
Born
Year of birth secured
- Ion von Chios , Greek playwright, on the island of Chios († around 422 BC )
Born around 490 BC Chr.
- Melissos , Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and naval commander, on Samos († 430 BC )
- Mozi : Chinese philosopher, founder and namesake of Mohism († around 381 BC )
- Pericles : Athenian statesman and general († 429 BC )
- Protagoras , Greek pre-Socratic philosopher, in Abdera / Thrace († 411 BC )
- Thucydides , Athenian politician and general, opponent of Pericles
- Zenon of Elea , Greek pre-Socratic philosopher, in Elea († around 430 BC )
- 490 / v 485 interface. Chr. : Gorgias , Greek rhetoric teacher and philosopher († about 396 / .. 390 BC )
Died
- around September 12th: Hippias , former tyrant of Athens, adviser to the Persians in the battle of Marathon
- around September 12th: Callimachus , Athenian politician and general, in the battle of Marathon
- Around September 12: Kynaigeiros , Attic nobleman, brother of the tragedy poet Aeschylus
- around 490 BC Chr .: Cleomenes I , King of Sparta from the house of the Agiads, in Sparta - allegedly suicide in madness, possibly murdered
