Afanassi Ivanovich Krassowski

George Dawe ; Portrait of AI Krassowski in the Military Gallery of the Winter Palace

Afanasy Ivanovich Krasovsky ( Russian Афанасий Иванович Красовский , Ukrainian Опанас Іванович Красовський Opanas Iwanowytsch Krassowskyj ; born January 17 ^{. Jul} / 28. January  1781 ^greg. In Ujesd Lebedyn , Sloboda Ukraine , Kharkov Governorate , Russian Empire , † May 18 ^jul. / May 30,  1843 ^greg. In Kiev , Gouvernement Kiev , Russian Empire) was adjutant general and infantry general of the Imperial Russian Army .

Life

Afanassi Iwanowitsch Krassowski was born as a descendant of a Russian aristocratic family descended from Ukrainian Cossacks near Lebedyn in what is now Ukraine. Afanassi resigned on July 12th ^. / July 23,  1795 ^greg. joined the army and was promoted to Podporutschik in early 1800 and to lieutenant in 1803 . In 1804 he took part in an expedition of the Black Sea Fleet to Corfu . His unit was used in 1805 when the Black Sea Fleet attacked Naples in order to drive the French army out of the Kingdom of Naples and then to advance to northern Italy. However, after news of the Battle of Austerlitz, which had been lost for the Austro-Russian alliance, became known to his unit on the way to Rome , they returned to Corfu via Naples. For his commitment he was awarded the Order of Saint Anne, 3rd class.

He then took part in fighting in the Russo-Turkish War , in which he was wounded. During this war he received numerous medals, in 1808 the promotion to staff captain , 1809 to captain , 1811 to major and on August 30th ^July. / 11th September  1811 ^greg. to lieutenant colonel . In January 1812 he was appointed regimental commander and promoted to colonel .

In the Patriotic War he fought in Volhynia in 1812 , at the Battle of Kobrin and the Battle of the Berezina , where he suffered an abdominal injury. After his recovery he took part during the Wars of Liberation in the capture of Posen , the sieges of the fortresses Küstrin and Magdeburg , in August 1813 in the Battle of Großbeeren , in September 1813 in the Battle of Dennewitz and in October 1813 in the Battle of Nations . After the Battle of the Nations he was promoted to major general and was given command of a grenadier brigade. In March 1814 he was involved in the capture of Reims . As commander of the 3rd Brigade of the 3rd Grenadier Division, he stayed again in France and Paris in 1815 .

Krassowski resigned in 1819 due to illness from the service, which he took up again in 1823 and on August 22, 1826 received the rank of lieutenant general . In the Russo-Persian War of 1826-28 he distinguished himself in the Caucasus during the Battle of Oschakan on August 17th ^July. / August 29,  1827 ^greg. and commanded the siege corps at Yerevan in October 1827 . In the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29 he took part in various functions. In June 1829, as commander of the 3rd Infantry Corps , he forced the surrender of the Ottoman fortress Silistra on the banks of the Danube in today's Bulgaria and was wounded again.

From August 10th ^July / 22nd August  1830 ^greg. until February 15th ^jul. / February 27,  1831 ^greg. he was Governor General of New Russia and Bessarabia .

Krassowski's grave at the Kiev Pechersk Lavra

During the November uprising in Poland from 1830–31, he defeated the Polish rebels twice and occupied Krakow . For this achievement he was awarded the Alexander Nevsky Order with diamond jewelry and on November 20, 1831 with the rank of adjutant general . On April 3, 1834, he was appointed a member of the Military Council of the Russian Empire . From May 20, 1834 to January 11, 1835 he was in command of the 6th Infantry Corps and on April 16, 1841 he was promoted to General of the Infantry. On October 25, 1842, he was appointed commander of the 1st Infantry Corps.

Between 1842 and the beginning of 1843 Krassovsky met in Saint Petersburg with the Ukrainian national poet Taras Shevchenko, whom he admired .

Krassowski was the father of ten children, including the son Andrei Afanassjewitsch Krassovsky (1822-1868), a lieutenant colonel in the Russian army and a public figure of the Russian Empire, who became known as a revolutionary Ukrainian patriot.

Afanassi Krassowski died in Kiev at the age of 62 and was buried in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra.

A portrait of AI Krassovsky painted by George Dawe is in the Hermitage Military Gallery in the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg.

Honors

Afanassi Krassowski received numerous honors. Including:

• Order of Saint Anne 1st class
• Order of St. Vladimir , 1st class
• Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
• Order of St. George , 3rd class
• Order of the Red Eagle

literature

• Отечественная война 1812 года : Биографический словарь. - Росвоенцентр; Кучково поле; Росспэн, Moscow 2011, p. 162 ISBN 978-5-9950-0171-3

Web links

Commons : Afanassi Iwanowitsch Krassowski  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

1. ^ Entry on the Krassovsky family in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Ukrainian)
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} Entry on Afanassi Iwanowitsch Krassowski in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Ukrainian)
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Entry on Afanassi Krassowski in the Great Biographical Encyclopedia (2009); accessed on December 25, 2018 (Russian)
4. ↑ ^{a b} entry on Afanassi Krassowski in Brockhaus-Efron ; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Russian)
5. ↑ ^{a b} The history of the Krassowski family from the middle of the 17th to the second half of the 19th century ; Svetlana Potapenko, Mykola Mykhailychenko; historians.in.ua October 8, 2013; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Ukrainian)
6. ^ Entry on Andrei Afanassjewitsch Krassowski in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Ukrainian)
7. ↑ Куличка - село невеличке about Kulytschka , her former Mr. Krassowski, a talented artist and his gender in lebedinpress on August 30, 2018; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Ukrainian)
8. ↑ 1812 Russian Army - Russian Generals in museum.ru ; accessed on December 25, 2018 (Russian)