Ammonides

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The Vicelinkirche St. Jacobi in Bornhöved was consecrated in 1149 - during the reign of the Ammonids.

The Ammonids were a short-lived Holstein noble family in the Holy Roman Empire . It was a question of a manorial, old-free family directly on the border to Germania Slavica in the area around Neumünster .

The family's main seat was an estate in Bornhöved . In addition, she owned six farms near Arpsdorf .

history

The ancestor and namesake of the family was a certain Vogt Ammo or Ammon, who had a fiefdom in Bremen . After his death, the Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen , Adalbero , moved it in when it was done and lent it to the city of Neumünster. Against this, however, Ammo's son Marcrad I and grandson Marcrad II defended themselves , who asserted their right of feudal inheritance - that is, their non-judicial status, i.e. their aristocratic military shield . As Overboden, both were leaders of the Holstein nobility and at times posed a strong threat to the first Counts of Holstein and Stormarn who were employed as foreigners - but at the same time they also supported them. Marcrad I was instrumental in the forcible expulsion of the Slavs from Wagria in 1139 , as a result of which the area could be incorporated into the County of Holstein. From 1164 he and the Holsteiner Bruno were, according to the last will of the Holstein Count Adolf II, even as guardians for his son Adolf III. used. As such, as regents of the country, they led, among other things, a battle near Preetz against the southern Jutland Duke Christoph , the illegitimate son of the Danish King Waldemar I. The battle ended in a draw.

Both Overbodens were allied with the Saxon Duke Heinrich the Lion for several decades , which ultimately turned out to be fatal for the sex in the conflict over his deposition. Marcrad II was used by him as commandant either of the Siegesburg in Bad Segeberg or a castle in Plön . In 1181 Heinrich wanted to recapture the Ratzeburg fortress, which had been occupied by counts loyal to the emperor, with the support of Marcrad's court . However, this could not be realized due to a lack of time, as the army of Emperor Frederick I "Barbarossa" was approaching too quickly. Finally the city of Lübeck was besieged , and Heinrich was also loyal to it. The contemporary chronicler Arnold von Lübeck reports that during this time Marcrad II was also staying in the city. Ultimately, Friedrich I prevailed in the conflict. Marcrad II was from the Holstein Count Adolf III. - the former ward of his father - expelled and sought exile in the Danish city of Schleswig . It can be assumed that the ammonides died out in the male line soon after the death of Marcrad II, which is dated no later than 1190.

In the opinion of the historian Paul von Hedemann-Heespen , however, the knights and lords of Westensee first mentioned in a document in 1240 were descendants of the ammonids. Service men and possibly relatives of the ammonides could have been the von Ahlefeld (t) and the tribal from Rumohr , where u. a. the first names Schack, Heinrich, Otto and Marquard were in use, who also used the ammonides; Furthermore, the Rumohr estate is close to Bornhöved.

Important family members

  1. Ammo [n] († ~ 1120s), Vogt
    1. Marcrad I. ( bl. 1127-1170), Overbode
      1. Marcrad II. (P. 1148–1181 / 1182 or 1190), Overbode
        1. Thanbrigge (bl. To 1224) ∞ Hugo von Hildesheim
        2. Unknown daughter, became a nun in Hildesheim
      2. Unknown son (bl. 1148)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ von Wersebe, August: About the Dutch colonies, which were donated in northern Germany in the twelfth century, further research with occasional comments on the simultaneous history . Hahn brothers, Hanover , 1815, first volume, page 313.
  2. ↑ Schröder, Richard : The Ostfälische Schultheiss and the Holstein Overbode . ( Memento of the original from June 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Journal of the Savigny Foundation for Legal History , German Department , Volume 7, Issue 1, August 1886, page 12. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.degruyter.com
  3. ^ Information in the Neumünster land register from around 1200 .
  4. ^ City of Itzehoe [ed.] / Willert, Helmut: Itzehoe. History of a city in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 1: From early history to 1814 . Boyens Medien, Heide , 1988, page 10 ff.
  5. ^ Petersen, Georg Peter : New Schleswig-Holstein Provincial Reports . Third year, CF Mohr, Kiel , 1813, page 132.
  6. ^ Boockmann, Hartmut : Barbarossa in Lübeck . In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Archeology , Volume 61, 1981, page 10.
  7. ↑ Heinze, Gottlob / Schumann, Wilhelm: Textbook of German history . 1877. New edition: Salzwasser-Verlag , Paderborn , 2015, ISBN 978-3-8460-7776-4 , page 292.
  8. ^ Meyer, Wilhelm: History of the Counts of Ratzeburg and Dannenberg . In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology . 1911, volume 76, page 41.
  9. ^ Plöhn, Hans Arnold: The noble family of Plön. Attempt a genealogical and local inventory . In: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History . Neumünster, 1956, volume 80, page 1.
  10. ^ Boockmann, Hartmut : Barbarossa in Lübeck . In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Archeology , Volume 61, 1981, page 11.
  11. ↑ See Hoffmann, Erich in: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History . Neumünster, 1975, volume 100, page 39.
  12. ↑ Jestrzemski, Dagmar: Katharina von Alexandrien. The crusaders and their saints . Berlin, 2010, page 65.

    Previously Jensen, Hans Nicolai Andreas ; Michelsen, Andreas Ludwig Jacob (Ed.): Schleswig-Holstein Church History - After handwriting by HNA Jensen , two parts in four volumes . 1st volume, Kiel, 1873, page 268.
  13. ^ History of the von Rumohr , website of the family