Architecture in Königsberg (1871-1918)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The architecture in Königsberg (1871–1918) was dominated by historicism and reform architecture . It reflects the prospering German Empire .

background

The Peace of Frankfurt had forced France to pay reparations of 5 billion francs and to grant most-favored nation treatment to German trade . The euphoria of the (newly) rich founding years gave rise to entire streets with five-storey buildings in the moderate and “cozy” Königsberg: Kaiserstrasse, Schönstrasse, Steindamm , Schloßstrasse, Königsstrasse and Roßgärter Markt. From Kaiserstraße in the Vorderen Vorstadt you got over the Kaiserbrücke to Weidendamm . The Kaiserstraße first crossed the suburban Langgasse and then led in an easterly direction to the Kaiserbrücke (Königsberg) on Weidendamm. The Kaiserbrücke connected the eastern Königsberg suburb with the Lomse . The bridge is now called the Jubilee Bridge because it was faithfully reconstructed for the 750th anniversary of the city in 2005/2008.

  • Kaiserstrasse

  • Kaiserstrasse

  • Kaiserstrasse

  • Kaiserplatz

  • Schlossstrasse

Neo-renaissance

After the founding of the empire, the Italian Renaissance style was propagated as the “national style”. The Italian Neo-Renaissance was based on Renaissance architecture . The essential design elements of Roman antiquity were adopted. In Königsberg there were also examples where the Nordic Renaissance was based.

The state house on Königsstraße in Königsberg was built in 1878 in the park of the Dönhoffschen Grund by state building officer Krah. It was the seat of the provincial administration of East Prussia . The air raids on Königsberg destroyed it.

The Artushof at Großer Domplatz 3 was built in 1883 in the Italian Neo-Renaissance style. The building is to be reconstructed.

The New Stock Exchange was built between 1870 and 1875 in the Italian Neo-Renaissance style based on designs by Heinrich Müller from Bremen.

The state and university library in Königsberg was established in 1901 in Mitteltragheim 22. It was founded by Duke Albrecht (Prussia) with the establishment of the palace library in 1527.

In 1880 the portal and building of the Börsengarten were completed. The stock exchange garden was for a long time the meeting place and center of the Königsberg society. Even William I was there in the evening before his coronation reception. Due to the German inflation from 1914 to 1923 , the merchants could no longer bear the costs. In 1929 she sold the property and later the garden to the Parkhotel company. Hanns Hopps new building in Bauhaus style was opened in 1930 as a park hotel.

The amber factory building (Königsberg) was built in 1899 in the Italian Neo-Renaissance style. In 2013, plans were presented to reconstruct the legendary Amber Room in the house . The building will also house the exhibitions of the Kaliningrad Amber Museum.

The police headquarters (Koenigsberg) is located on Sowjetski-Prospect 3–5. The building was built around 1912/1924 in the neo-renaissance style based on designs by Geh. Oberbaurates Launer under the direction of Geh. Oberbaurat Fürstenau built. The building is a historical monument.

The Villa Schmidt is located at the former Königsberger Lawsker Allee 30 in Amalienau , today pr. Pobedy 24, and is still used today as a Kaliningrad kindergarten. The listed building was built around 1903 in the neo-renaissance style.

The J. Simon Witwe & Sons bank , which was founded on January 1, 1839, was located at Kneiphöfischen Langgasse No. 11–12 . The bank building was built "in a style pluralism [...] with a certain emphasis on the neo-renaissance."

The government of the administrative district of Königsberg sat in the “most elegant and also most magnificent building of that time” and was built in the style of the Italian Neo-Renaissance according to designs by Karl Friedrich Endell in 1872/1880. The building, which was demolished in the 1950s, was located on Mitteltragheimer Straße between Schönstraße and Schützenstraße. The government building was also the seat of the High Presidium for East Prussia.

The Hotel Bellevue with its white, lavishly decorated facade showed a mixture of Renaissance elements with Gothic elements. The Café-Restaurant Bellevue was located on the eastern bank of the Schlossteich at the Schlossteichbrücke and opposite the Weißgerberstraße. It was also the pub of the Corps Masovia and the Gothia fraternity .

The former Reichsbahn headquarters building on Lenin Prospect 111-117 was built in 1895 in the neo-Renaissance style.

The Queen Luise School is located at the former Königsberg Landhofmeisterstraße 24, today ul. Tjulenina 6–8, in Kaliningrad and is now used as an office building. The building was erected around 1901 and housed the Queen Luise School. The building is a historical monument.

The Medical University Clinic was one of the hospitals in Königsberg . It is located at the former Königsberg Drummstrasse 25–29, today ul. Bonitschnaja 34–38, and is now used as a harbor hospital. The building, built in 1890/95, is a listed building.

The Königsberg headquarters is located at the former Königsberg Hinterroßgarten 43a / 43b, today ul. Klinitscheskaja 65, and was built in the neo-Renaissance style in 1888/89. The building is a historical monument.

The building of the directorate at the former Königsberg Königsstrasse 26, today ul. Frunse 65, was built in 1880 in the style of the Italian neo-Renaissance. Today it is home to the Kaliningrad Municipal Health Department. The building is a historical monument.

The East Prussian Fire Society was located at Königsberger Königsstrasse 93/94, today ul. Frunse 105. The building was built in 1890/95. Today the building is used as an administrative and residential building. The building is a historical monument.

The building of the East Prussian Chamber of Agriculture ( Russian сельскохозяйственной палаты ) was built in 1896 and now serves as the administrative building of the Baltic Fleet. It is located at ul. Kirova 24 in Kaliningrad. The building is a historical monument.

The fire station east at the former Königsberg Yorckstraße 79/80, today ul. 1812 goda 59, was built around 1900 based on a design by Paul Mühlbach . The north fire station at Wrangelstrasse 12, today ul. Tschernjachowskowo, has also been preserved.

The Royal Hufengymnasium is located at the former Königsberger Hufenallee 38-42 / Tiergartenstraße, today ul. Zoologitscheskaja 2, in Kaliningrad and was built in 1913/1915 in the neo-renaissance style according to designs by building councilor Klehmet. The building is a historical monument.

The building at ul. Klinicheskaya 81 was built in the 19th century in neo-renaissance style and is a listed building.

The Rossgärter Passage was a covered shopping arcade on Königsstrasse that led to the Vorderroßgarten. It was built in 1889 in the neo-renaissance style. The Passage-Theater in the Rossgärter Passage was rebuilt for the New Playhouse founded in 1910 according to designs by the Königsberg architect Otto Walter Kuckuck.

The office building of the jeweler Carl George Maximilian Steyl (* 1810 in Königsberg) at Steindamm 132-133 was built in 1883 in the neo-renaissance style.

  • Country house

  • Artus Court

  • Steindamm 131-133 office building

  • Koenigsstrasse shopping mall

  • Reich Railway Directorate

  • Royal and University Libraries

  • Börsengarten portal

  • Former Queen Luise School

  • New headquarters

  • Hoof high school

  • Chamber of Agriculture

  • Fire station east

  • ul.Klinicheskaya 43

  • New exchange

  • Police Headquarters (Nordic Renaissance)

  • Villa Schmidt (Nordic Renaissance)

  • Directorate

  • ul.Klinicheskaya 81

Neo-Gothic

Kant's grave chapel at the cathedral was a neo-Gothic brick chapel that existed from 1880 to 1923. The facade showed two neo-Gothic stepped gables . Behind the Kant bust created by Carl Friedrich Hagemann , a fresco showed Raphael's The School of Athens .

The castle tower (Königsberg) was designed in a neo-Gothic style in 1866/1877 based on a design by Friedrich August Stüler . The spire consisted of helmets placed one on top of the other and had four corner turrets.

The new main post office with telegraph office on Gesekusplatz , built in 1902, wanted to “tie in with the architecture of the order” with its neo-Gothic style. Natalja Alexandrovna Sehlenkowa, Kaliningrad's city architect in 1958/59, suggested rebuilding the neo-Gothic post office and housing the main post office in it. After Sehlenkowa resigned from office, the neo-Gothic post office was blown up in 1960.

The Liberal Synagogue in Königsberg , like the Hanover Synagogue and the Wroclaw Synagogue , was designed in a Gothic style based on the models of the Worms Cathedral and the Aachen Cathedral . The building was built in 1892 based on designs by the Berlin architecture firm Cremer & Wolffenstein . The old building is currently being reconstructed true to the original according to old plans.

The St. Georgen Hospital is located at the former Koenigsberger Turnerstrasse 4, today ul. Krasnooktjabrskaja 3. The building was built in 1894/1897 according to the designs of a city architect from Worms. The building shows a “clinker brick facade with [...] neo-Gothic decorations from the 1990s.” The building is a listed building.

The silo storage at harbor basin 4 on Holsteiner Damm 116–128, today ul. Prawaja Nabereschnaja 21, was built in 1897 according to a design by Hermann Kapler from Berlin with a clinker brick facade and neo-Gothic decorations. In its original form, the building was reminiscent of an "oversized castle".

The Church of the Holy Family (Königsberg) is located at the former Königsberger Oberhaberberg 21, today ul.Bogdana Chmelnizkowo 63a. The building was built in 1904/1907 according to designs by Friedrich Heitmann in the neo-Gothic style. The sacred building is a listed building and has been used as a concert hall since 1980.

The Adalbertkirche (Königsberg) at the former Königsberger Lawsker Allee 35 / corner Kastanienallee 11-13, today Prospekt Pobedy 41, was built in 1904 according to designs by Friedrich Heitmann in the neo-Gothic style. The building is a historical monument.

The Rosenau church was built in 1914/1926 in neo-Gothic style. Today she serves the Russian Orthodox community. The sacred building is a listed building.

The St. Elisabeth Hospital at Ziegelstrasse 7–9, today ul. Kirpitschnaja 7, was built around 1893 in the neo-Gothic style. The building is a historical monument.

  • St. Georgen Hospital

  • Konigsberg main post office

  • Church of the Holy Family

  • Rosenauer Church

  • New synagogue

  • Silo storage on the Pregel

  • Adalbert Chapel

Neo-baroque

The publishing house Gräfe und Unzer on the southwest side of the Paradeplatz was built in the neo-baroque style.

The publishing house of the Königsberger Allgemeine Zeitung had been located in the neo-baroque building at Theaterstraße 12, which turned off from the Königsgarten next to the Königshalle and led south to Junkerstraße.

The former building of the East Prussian General Landscape Directorate at the former Königsberger Landhofmeisterstraße 16 to 18, today ul.Sergeja Tjulenina 15, was built from 1901 to 1903 in neo-baroque style based on designs by the Leidich building council. Today it is home to the Kaliningrad Construction Administration of the Baltic Fleet. The building is a historical monument.

The regional and district court (Königsberg) is located at the former Königsberger Hansaring 14-16, today Prospekt Mira 2. The building is a listed building.

The Villa Honcamp in the Haarbrückenstrasse 17/19 / corner Lawsker Allee, today pr. Pobedy, was built around 1903/1905 according to designs by Friedrich Heitmann in the neo-baroque style for the factory owner Honcamp. The villa is a listed building.

The residential building Luisenallee 47, today ul. Komsomolskaja 47, built around 1905, shows elements of the then highly topical reform architecture.

The residential building at Luisenallee 37, today ul. Komsomolskaja 37–39, is the former Konopackische Kaufmanns-Stift 1793 . The building, built around 1903, has three entrances. It only shows references to Neo-Baroque in the side risalits and a few individual forms. The building is a historical monument.

The two two-story rows of living rooms at ul. Mayora Kozenkova 10–22 and 11–25 show elaborate stucco work as overhangs .

The five-story house no. 57 and the four-story house no. 59 with a heavily elevated ground floor were given neo-baroque gables during the renovation at the end of the 19th century.

The building at 95 Komsomolskaya Street was built in 1909 in the neo-baroque style. The building is a historical monument.

The Evangelical Luther Church (Königsberg) was built in 1910 according to a design by Friedrich Heitmann . The architect processed historical references to Baroque architecture.

  • dish

  • General landscape

  • ul. Komsomolskaya 95

  • ul. Komsomolskaya 37-39

  • Haarbrückenstrasse 17/19

Neoclassicism

The New Playhouse was completed in 1910. The architect was Otto Walter Kuckuck . The original front was a vestibule with six mighty columns in the style of an ancient temple. The pillars were removed during the renovation in 1923.

The neoclassical building of the Oberpostdirektion (Königsberg) is located at the former Brahmstrasse 4, today ul. Grekowa 1, in Kaliningrad. The building is now home to the Kaliningrad headquarters of the Baltic Fleet. The building is a historical monument.

The calibration office building at the former Koenigsberger Hindenburgstrasse 14, today ul. Kosmonawta Leonowa 28, was built around 1912 in the style of neoclassicism according to designs by the secret senior building officer Oskar Delius . Today it is home to the Kaliningrad Administration for Culture, including the Monument Office. The building is a listed building.

The former Kraus and Hippel School at Stägemannstrasse 56 (named after Friedrich August von Staegemann ), today ul. Tschernyschewskowo 56, refers to neoclassical architectural trends. The building is a listed building.

The cenotaph for Immanuel Kant at Königsberg Cathedral was created in 1924 based on a design by Friedrich Lahrs . The columns are made of Rochlitz porphyry . The world-famous cenotaph is a listed building.

The Königsberg art gallery is located at the former Königsberger Wallring 2, today ul. Professora Baranowa 2, and is now home to a warehouse. The former art gallery was built in 1913 based on a design by Friedrich Lahrs . Lahrs interpreted the motif of the ancient temple in a very modern way.

The former post office on the former Königsberg Deutschordensring 9 / corner of Kniprodestrasse, today Teatralnaja 34, was built from 1924 to 1926 according to the designs of the Oberpostdirektion. The building is now home to an energy authority and is a listed building.

The Litten banking house, founded by George Marx and Joseph Litten on Kneiphöfischen Langgasse, on the corner of the south bank of the Grüner Brücke , showed a calm, uniform attitude, shaped by the neoclassicism of the time. The bank later became the Norddeutsche Creditanstalt.

The building of the Hindenburg secondary school at Königsberger Wallring 43–45, today ul. Professora Baranowa 43, was built in 1914–1917. Pillar templates are overlaid on the two upper floors. The building is now home to the Kaliningrad State Technical University. The building is a listed building.

The former parish hall of the Tragheimer Kirche at the former Königsberg Großgörschenstraße 2, today ul. Professora Baranowa 43, was built in 1911 according to a design by Fritz Bleyer . The facade is divided by four pilasters. There are three tall windows with flat round arches between the pilasters. The building now houses the Kaliningrad State Technical University .

The building at Handelstrasse 5 is a listed building.

  • Playhouse

  • Oberpostdirektion

  • Handelstrasse 5

  • Calibration office

  • Tragheimer parish hall

  • Kant cenotaph

  • Hindenburg secondary school

  • Kraus and Hippel School

Reform architecture

The former restaurant and society house in the Königsberg zoo , Hufenallee 30–36, today Prospekt Mira (Friedensallee), was built in 1911 based on designs by Otto Walter Kuckuck . The building served as an elephant house in the post-war period. The building was restored and now houses the zoo administration.

The town hall (Königsberg) at Vorderroßgarten 49, today ul. Klinitscheskaja 21, was built in 1911/1912 according to designs by the architect Ludwig Richard Seel . Reconstructed by Vadim Gennadjewitsch Jeremejew , the building is now a museum.

Villa Luisenallee 31 / 31a, today ul. Komsomolskaya 31, dates from 1905/1908.

The residential building at Luisenallee 47, today ul. Komsomolskaya 47, was built around 1905. The building is a historical monument.

The residential building at Luisenallee 84–88, today ul. Komsomolskaya 84–88, was probably built at the beginning of the 20th century. The building is a historical monument.

The Art Nouveau residential building at Repin Street 6 is a listed building.

The Evangelical Kreuzkirche (Königsberg) was built from 1930 to 1933 based on a design by Arthur Kickton . The sacred building has a monumental niche between the twin towers, which is covered with a cross made of Cadin majolica on a colored background. The building is an example of the so-called new monumentality, a recourse by traditionalist architects to the monumental style around 1900, which has been cultivated since the second half of the 1920s.

The Königseck residential buildings at Königsstrasse 73–75, today ul. Frunse 53–57, also known as the Königseck residential buildings, were built between 1900 and 1905.

The Scheffnerschule, named after Johann George Scheffner , at Wiebestrasse 81 and Arndtstrasse 16-18, was built according to designs by Papendieck in the years 1909/10 in the style of reform architecture.

  • Society house in the zoo

  • City Hall

  • Luisenallee 47

  • Kreuzkirche

  • Königseck with Art Nouveau portal decoration

  • Scheffnerschule

literature

  • Adolf Boetticher (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the province of East Prussia . On behalf of the East Prussian Provincial Parliament . Booklet VII. The architectural and art monuments in Königsberg. Bernhardt Teichert, Königsberg 1897, OCLC 312871065 .
  • Baldur Köster = Балдура Кёстера: Königsberg: Architecture from the German era = " Здания Кёнигсберга " . Booklet VII. The architectural and art monuments in Königsberg. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 2000, OCLC 237377396 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Unless otherwise indicated, the section Villa Schmidt follows the work of Köster, No. 111, p. 192: Villa Schmidt .
  2. ↑ Unless otherwise indicated, the section Königin-Luise-Schule (Lyzeum) follows the work of Köster, No. 26, p. 82: Lyzeum Königin-Luise-Schule .
  3. ↑ Unless otherwise indicated, the section of the Intendant's building follows the work of Köster, No. 52, p. 121: Intendant's building .
  4. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the section East Prussian Fire Society follows the work of Köster, No. 52 B, p. 121: Intendanturgebäude .
  5. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the section Fire Station East follows the work of Köster, No. 88A, p. 170: Fire Station East .
  6. ↑ Unless otherwise indicated, the section Hufengymnasium follows the work of Köster, No. 27, pp. 83–85: Hufengymnasium .
  7. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the St. Georgen Hospital section follows the work of Köster, No. 41, p. 108: St. Georgen Hospital .
  8. ↑ Unless otherwise indicated, the section Königsberger Lagerhaus follows the work of Köster, No. 82, p. 163: Königsberger Lagerhaus .
  9. ↑ Unless otherwise indicated, the Holy Family section follows the work of Köster, No. 15, p. 64: Hl. Familie .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Siegfried Schindelmeiser: The history of the Corps Baltia II zu Königsberg i. Pr. , Vol. 1. Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-028704-6 , p. 231.
  2. ↑ Köster, p. 23
  3. ↑ 3D model. The Artushof building on the Great Cathedral Square in Kneiphof .
  4. ^ Karl: Historical street directory of the city of Königsberg i. Pr ., Hamburg 1964
  5. ↑ здание полицайпрезидиума с рельефами на портале главного входа ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection police headquarters building data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  6. ↑ Köster, p. 242.
  7. ↑ a b Köster, p. 25.
  8. ↑ Podehl, p. 214 Fig. 238: The government building in Königsberg .
  9. ↑ Zeitschrift für Bauwesen, Berlin 1879, vol. 29.
  10. ↑ Zeitschrift für Bauwesen, Berlin 1881, vol. 31.
  11. ^ Eduard Loch , Hans Lippold: History of the Corps Masovia 1830–1930 , 3 parts. Koenigsberg i. Pr. 1930/1933.
  12. ^ Rüdiger Döhler (ed.): Corps Masovia. The 175-year history of Königsberg's oldest and Potsdam's first corporation in the 21st century. Munich 2005
  13. ↑ Köster, No. 26, p. 82: Lyzeum Königin-Luise-Schule .
  14. ↑ здание школы им.королевы луизы ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building of the Königin-Luise-Schule (Lyzeum) data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  15. ↑ Köster, No. 38, p. 104f: Medical University Clinic .
  16. ↑ хирургическая университетская клиника ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument Protection Medical University Clinic Datasheet in the Russian Monument Directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  17. ↑ Köster, No. 51, p. 120: Kommandantur .
  18. ↑ здание с комендатуры горельефными изображениями афины и марса и с орлов гирляндой из листьев ( Memento of the original December 22, 2015 Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link is automatically inserted and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Neue Kommandantur data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  19. ↑ a b Köster, No. 52, p. 121.
  20. ↑ здание финансового управления сельского района кенигсберга ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection intendant building data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  21. ↑ здание восточно-прусского пожарного общества ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building of the East Prussian Fire Society Data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  22. ↑ Köster, No. 52 A, p. 121.
  23. ↑ здание сельскохозяйственной палаты ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building of the East Prussian Chamber of Agriculture Datasheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  24. ↑ Köster, No. 88B, p. 170.
  25. ↑ здание восточной пожарной части ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building of the fire station east data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  26. ↑ Köster, No. 27, pp. 83-85.
  27. ↑ Podehl, p. 41: "Police headquarters and Hufengymnasium were built in the style of the Neo-Renaissance".
  28. ↑ здание хуфенской гимназии ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building Hufengymnasium data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  29. ↑ лечебный корпус ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building at 81 Klinicheskaya Street. Data sheet in the Russian Monument Register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  30. ↑ Köster, p. 92.
  31. ↑ Podehl, p. 31.
  32. ↑ Wolfgang Scheffler: Goldschmiede Ostpreussens: Dates, Works, Signs , Walter De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1983, p. 220, no. 348.
  33. ↑ Köster, p. 98.
  34. ↑ Köster, No. 11, p. 52.
  35. ↑ Köster, No. 12, p. 57.
  36. ↑ Hoppe, p. 128.
  37. ↑ View of the former post office today on streetview.de
  38. ↑ Hoppe, p. 130.
  39. ↑ View of the construction site with pictures of the synagogues (old and planned reconstruction)
  40. ↑ View of the construction site with pictures of the synagogues (old and planned reconstruction)
  41. ↑ Köster, No. 41, p. 108.
  42. ↑ здание госпиталя святого георга ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection St. Georgen Hospital. Datasheet in the Russian monument directory Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  43. ↑ Köster, No. 82, p. 163.
  44. ↑ кирха ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Listed Church of the Holy Family. Datasheet in the Russian monument directory Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  45. ↑ Köster, No. 16, p. 65: St. Adalberts Chapel .
  46. ↑ кирха ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Adalbertkirche. Datasheet in the Russian monument directory Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  47. ↑ кирха Розенау ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Rosenauer Kirche data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  48. ↑ Köster, No. 37, p. 103: St. Elisabeth Hospital .
  49. ↑ здание больницы святой елизабеты ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection of St. Elisabeth hospital data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  50. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung, Berlin 1904, vol. 24.
  51. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 124f.
  52. ↑ здание восточно-прусской генеральной кредитной с / х дирекции ( Memento of the original from November 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection East Prussian landscape, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  53. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 128f.
  54. ↑ здание с украшением центрального портала ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection district and district court building, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  55. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 193.
  56. ↑ вилла ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Villa Haarbrückenstraße 17/19, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  57. ↑ a b Köster 2000, p. 178
  58. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 177
  59. ↑ жилой дом  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection residential building Luisenallee 37, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru  
  60. ↑ Köster 2000, pp. 207 and 241
  61. ↑ здание заведения для слепых ( Memento of the original from March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection for building at Komsomolskaya Street 95, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  62. ↑ Köster 2000, pp. 118f.
  63. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 134
  64. ↑ здание верховной дирекции почт  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Oberpostdirektion, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru  
  65. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 127
  66. ↑ пробирная палата ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Eichamtsgebäude, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  67. ↑ Köster, No. 30A, p. 91. Kraus and Hippel School
  68. ↑ здание школы ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Kraus and Hippel School, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  69. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 57
  70. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 145
  71. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 135
  72. ↑ здание управления почтовых переводов ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Postcheckamt, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  73. ↑ Köster 2000, p. ??? (the two Köster documents previously mentioned for this building were wrong)
  74. ↑ Köster 2000, pp. 88f.
  75. ↑ здание школы им.гинденбурга с над композицией главным порталом "география, ботаника, зоология" ( Memento of the original of 8 December 2015, Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link is automatically inserted and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection Hindenburg-Oberrealschule, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  76. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 70
  77. ↑ здание королевской конс консистории  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection building Händelstraße 5, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru  
  78. ↑ Overview of architectural monuments in Kaliningrad on ru.wikivoyage.org
  79. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 144
  80. ↑ Köster 2000, pp. 114–116
  81. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 189
  82. ↑ жилой дом с двумя скульптурами львов у входа ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection residential building Luisenallee 47, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  83. ↑ жилой дом ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection residential building Luisenallee 84-88, data sheet in the Russian monument directory. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  84. ↑ жилой дом ( Memento of the original from March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Monument protection residential building Repin-Straße 6, data sheet in the Russian monument register. Retrieved November 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kulturnoe-nasledie.ru
  85. ↑ Köster, 2000, p. 71
  86. ↑ Köster 2000, p. 169