Auras (Drebkau)

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City of Drebkau
Coordinates: 51 ° 39 ′ 57 ″  N , 14 ° 17 ′ 3 ″  E
Height : 105 m
Area : 4.27 km²
Incorporation : January 10, 1973
Incorporated into: Schorbus
Postal code : 03116
Area code : 035602
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Auras , Huraz in Lower Sorbian , is an inhabited part of the municipality of Schorbus , a district of the city of Drebkau in the Spree-Neisse district (Brandenburg). Auras was an independent community until 1973.

Auras on the Urmes table sheet 4351 Drebkau from 1846

geography

Auras is located about 2.5 kilometers south-southeast of the center of Schorbus and about four kilometers east-northeast of Drebkau. It is located at an altitude of 105  m above sea level. NHN . The place can be easily reached from the federal highway 169 via Laubst . Coming from Rehnsdorf , the L521 continues through the village to Schorbus. Only about 300 meters north of the outskirts is the Schorbus housing area belonging to Schorbus.

Auras no longer has its own mark; it has been combined with Schorbus (today hall 3 of the Schorbus district). Before 1929 it bordered in the north on the formerly smaller district of Schorbus, in the northeast on Oelsnig , in the east on the district of Groß Döbbern (district of Neuhausen / Spree ), in the south on the district of Rehnsdorf, in the west on the district of Delete and over a short distance to the district of Leuthen (the latter three places are districts of the city of Drebkau). The boundary to Rehnsdorf and to delete was also the border to the Saxon Lower Lusatia until 1815.

There are no natural rivers in the former area, in the north of the town center two ditches touch the former area. In the east, the moat on Marienberg extends to the former boundary of the district. To the west of the town center is a small pond.

history

The place is mentioned comparatively late, not until 1455 as Uriss for the first time in a document. According to Eichler, the place name means: settlement of a man named Urad. According to Lehmann, the village structure was a hamlet.

At that time Gertrud Melde had the village as a treasure trove. The Brandenburg Elector Friedrich II ("Eisenzahn") prescribed his cook Jorg Willerstedt Auras with all accessories, rights and interest in the Nuwen Mole zu Mannlehen this year . Jorg Willerstedt was married to a daughter of Gertrud Melde who was not named.

In 1536 Andreas von Zabeltitz was the owner of Auras. He owned Wolkenberg , half of Laubsdorf , a share in Klein Döbbern , a few Hufen in Groß Döbbern and a meadow in Döbbrick . Andreas von Zabeltitz died before 1548 without a physical heir. Auras came to his cousins, the brothers Caspar, Hans and Christoph, the sons of Peter von Zabeltitz on Kahsel . In 1548 they sold Auras and a Freihaus in Cottbus to their cousin Christoph von Zabeltitz in Hänchen (part of the Kolkwitz community). Christoph von Zabeltitz, who was married to Dorothea von Seyffertitz, received the Auras enfeoffment in 1548. In 1552 Dorothea was insured with all her husband's goods because of the marriage money she had brought with her in the amount of 600 thalers. At an unknown point in time, Christoph von Zabeltitz sold Auras to Caspar Burggraf von Dohna for repurchase. He must have redeemed the village soon after, because in 1563 he received confirmation of his fiefdom. Christoph von Zabeltitz and Dorothea von Seyffertitz had four sons Christoph, Caspar, Heinrich and Abraham. In the division of the estate, Auras seems to have fallen to Heinrich, Caspar, who was married to Eva von Schönfeld, is documented on Schorbus in 1582 (altarpiece). Heinrich von Zabeltitz was married to Anna von Muschwitz. Apparently the couple had no sons, only daughters. In 1593 Heinrich sold the village of Auras together with Schorbus for 8,000 thalers to his son-in-law Caspar von Loeben from the house of Kurtschow ( district of Crossen (Oder) ), who in 1597 had married an unnamed daughter of Heinrich. The sovereign consensus dates from May 11, 1597. At that time Auras had two knightly seats, but who sat on the second knightly seat is not known. Caspar von Loeben's fiefdom included not only fields, hooves and drifts, but also the church lair, a mill (the new mill from 1455?) And the (then) desolate village of Reinpusch . Caspar von Loeben and his unnamed wife von Zabeltitz had three sons, Christian, Maximilian and Wolf George, who inherited their father's property. In 1634 Christian reported war damage inflicted on him by imperial horsemen and Croatian mercenaries. Eight horses, 26 draft oxen, 110 mutton, eight cattle and grain with a total value of 741 thalers were stolen from him. He put the destruction in the village at 271 thalers. Probably two farms were burned down, because in 1635 two farms are described as desolate. At that time the village had 16 farmer's hooves. After Friedrich Wilhelm , Elector of Brandenburg, came to power , Adam and Friedrich, "the steward" (?), Von Loeben, Friedrich's sons in Küstrin on October 22, 1644 , performed the "duty" (taking the oath) for Krieschow, Wiesendorf and Kackrow and received their fiefs again. Co-sponsored were u. a. also Christian and George Wolff, Caspar's blessed sons of Schorbus and Auras (absent). In 1647 Wolf married George von Loeben on Schorbus and Auras Anna Margaretha von Kracht; the marriage allowance was set at 600 thalers. In 1652 Wolf George took over the estates of Auras and Schorbus alone. He married Marie Elisabeth von der Heyde on June 28, 1658. She died early and Wolf George had a third marriage with Sibylle Hedwig von Buxdorf. Wolf had to sell George Schorbus to Georg von Werdeck as early as 1658, but was able to maintain Auras. He died before 1678, because in that year his widow married Georg Ernst von Muschwitz, with whom she had the son Wolf Nicol von Muschwitz, who later received Kemmen (near Calau). After the death of Georg Ernst von Muschwitz, Sibylle Hedwig von Buxdorf entered into a third marriage with Siegmund von Mosch.

The two sons of Wolf George d. Ä., Caspar Ernst and Wolf Georg d. J. were enfeoffed with auras in 1692. In 1694 they shared the paternal inheritance; Wolf Georg took over Auras and Oelsnig, Caspar Ernst was compensated with 2,000 thalers in cash. After changing to monu dominate (death of Duke Moritz Wilhelm , inauguration of Heinrich ), he again took his feudal oath on November 1, 1731. His brother Caspar Ernst was still in the hand; he made his feudal oath on March 28, 1732. Wolf George was married to Margarethe Dorothea von Lucke, with whom he had the children Margarethe Elisabeth (* 1694), Johanna Gottliebe (* 1696), Erdmann Gottlob (* 1697), Wolf Georg (* 1699), Caspar Seyfried (* 1701), Gottlob Ehrenreich (* 1703) and Charlotte Tugendreich (* 1710) had. In 1733 Wolf Georg von Loeben had to sell Auras and Oelsnig to Ehrentreich Friedrich von Britzke. In 1766 Auras was put up for auction, in which Caspar Friedrich Krüger bought it. In 1781 his sister, who was married to a preacher named Riemann, inherited the Auras manor. She became a widow and left it to her daughter Anna Margaretha Riemann by 1787 at the latest. Bratring writes that in 1809 the estate was owned by the preacher Krüger von Dissen. Eickstedt gives a Major Hoffmeister as the owner for 1828. In 1828 Auras was acquired by a Meyer. In 1840 (or 1842) it went to Friederike Korn in Laubst, who also names Rauer. In 1864 a Brandt was the owner of the manor. This included 3945 acres of arable land and 470 acres of forest for a total of 896 acres. Possibly he was only a tenant, because in 1851 the Secret Government of Werdeck received a mining license (on brown coal) for the districts of Schorbus and Auras. For 1879, the general address book names the Ziegler heirs as owners. In 1885 Ernst von Werdeck (1849–1905) owned a manor on Auras. However, he had leased the property to a Hornung from Schorbus. At that time, the Auras manor had 92 hectares of arable land and 126 hectares of forest. The property tax amounted to 1,167 marks. In 1907 and 1910 Hans von Einsiedel was on Auras, and in 1914 Otto Reichelt appeared as the owner of the Auras manor. In 1923, the Auras manor belonged to the estate management and collecting society. The estate comprised 219 ha of land, 135 ha of arable land and 68 ha of forest. The property tax was estimated at 1,165 marks. In 1929 the estate belongs to Otto Pfenning in Pritzen near Altdöbern, who, however, leased it to Otto Bruhn.

Village history

The place or its field mark was divided into 16 Hufen. In 1635 two hooves out of 16 were desolate. There were six two hoof farms, of which three hoof farmers are referred to as gardeners. The two Schulzenhufen had been pulled to the manor, two more Hufen belonged to the Vorwerk. In 1718/19 five Hufen belonged to the estate, the remaining 11 Hufen were still owned by seven farmers. Four farmers had two hooves each, three farmers had one hoof each. The field was sown annually. In 1783 the place had 12 fire places and 85 inhabitants. In 1807 there were 12 houses ( fireplaces ) with 85 inhabitants after Bratring . Four of them were whole farmers, three were farmers and one was a bicycle maker. Only 13½ hooves were shown. 200 acres of wood belonged to the manor. For 1820 13 fireplaces were named and 94 residents. In 1840 the number of houses had risen to 15 and the number of inhabitants to 109. In the Urmes table sheet no. 4351 there is a brick factory west of the town center. A second brick factory is drawn south of the town center and close to the southern boundary of the marker, as well as booths for Auras 1861 belonged to the municipality of 796 acres and 879 acres to the manor district. In 1864 there were already 19 houses in Auras, the place had 116 inhabitants. There was a sheep farm, three brickyards and two extended farms. Riehl and Scheu name the brothers Rooka and Paulisch as owners of the brickworks. In 1900 the municipality had 203 hectares, the manor 224 hectares.

Local and political affiliation

The place is located in Niederlausitz and belonged to the Cottbus lordship , which came to Brandenburg in 1445 (half of Reinhard von Cottbus) and 1455 (half of Luther von Cottbus). In 1494 the lordships of Cottbus and Peitz were annexed to the Neumark . At the time of the division of the Mark Brandenburg (1535–1571) under Joachim II and Johann von Küstrin , the two lordships belonged to the partial principality of Brandenburg-Küstrin . In the early modern period, the Cottbus Beritt, and later the Cottbus Circle, emerged from the two lords. In 1806 the dominions of Cottbus and Peitz had to be ceded to the Kingdom of Saxony through the Peace of Tilsit and Peace of Posen . In 1813 they came back to Prussia, in 1815 also Niederlausitz, which Saxony had to cede to Prussia. In the district reform of 1816/7, the new Cottbus district was formed (later called the Cottbus district ) to which the former Lower Lusatian enclaves were incorporated into the dominions of Cottbus and Peitz. In return, some exclaves were lost to neighboring districts. Auras remained in the Cottbus district, also through the district and district reform in 1950/52 in the former GDR . On January 1, 1929, Oelsnig was incorporated into Auras. On January 10, 1973 Auras was incorporated into Schorbus and has been part of this community ever since. In 1992 Schorbus (including its districts Auras and Oelsnig) merged with seven other communities and the city of Drebkau to form the Drebkau office . The Drebkau office came to the Spree-Neisse district in the 1993 district reform in the state of Brandenburg . In 2001 the Drebkau office was dissolved and the municipalities belonging to the office were incorporated into the city of Drebkau. Since then, Schorbus has been part of the city of Drebkau and Auras has been part of Schorbus without its own local authority.

Church affiliation

Auras has and had no church in the past, but was churched after Schorbus. Today, Schorbus, together with Leuthen, Laubst and Illmersdorf, forms the parish of Leuthen-Schorbus in the Evangelical Church District of Cottbus.

population

Population development in Auras from 1783 to 1971
year 1783 1807 1818 1846 1871 1890 1900 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971
Residents 85 85 94 103 111 117 110 126 154 279 248 185 168

For his statistics on the Sorbian population in Lusatia, Arnošt Muka determined a population of 121 inhabitants for Auras in the 1880s, all of whom were Sorbs .

Economy and leisure

In the southern part of the former district of Auras, some wind turbines were built in 2005, which caused some anger among the residents of Auras and the city administration of Drebkau, as the district had apparently given its consent to the construction of the systems without consulting the city of Drebkau.

A small craft company is located in Auras that makes furniture from euro pallets. There is also an engineering office for construction. The Auraser Hof, an old four-sided farm, offers overnight accommodation and life in the country and with nature.

literature

  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Third and last volume: Containing the Neumark Brandenburg. VIII, 390 pp., Maurer, Berlin 1809 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated Bratring, Neumark Brandenburg, with corresponding page number).
  • Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. 590 p., Creutz, Magdeburg 1840 (hereinafter abbreviated to Eickstedt, Landbuch with corresponding page number)
  • Christian Carl Gulde: Historical-geographical-statistical description of the rule Cottbus. Lausitzisches Magazin or collection of various treatises and news, 20 (3): 33–36, (4): 49–52, 69–71, 99–102, 133–137, Görlitz 1788 (1787) hereinafter abbreviated to Gulde, description of the Lordship of Cottbus with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume VII Kottbus District. 278 S., Neustadt an der Aisch 2001, Verlag Degener & Co. ISBN 3-7686-4206-2
  • Gerhard Krüger: The manors in the Cottbus lordship and their owners. 39 p., Verein für Heimatkunde, Cottbus 1939 (= family history booklets of Niederlausitz, vol. 9).
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Sources for the history of Niederlausitz I. part. 290 p., Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Vienna 1972 (p. 240)
  • Rudolf Lehmann: Historical local lexicon for Niederlausitz. Volume 2 The districts of Cottbus, Spremberg, Guben and Sorau. Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg, 1979 ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (hereinafter abbreviated Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 2 with corresponding page number)
  • George Adalbert von Mülverstedt , Ed .: Collection of marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of the knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia . 360 p., Magdeburg 1863 (hereinafter abbreviated to Mülverstedt, marriage foundations and personal property letters with the corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. 189 p., VEB Domowina-Verlag , Bautzen, 1975.
  2. ↑ a b Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon, Niederlausitz, 2, p. 11.
  3. ↑ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 283 Online at Google Books
  4. ^ Mülverstedt, Ehestiftungen, p. 332 Online at Google Books
  5. ^ Gulde, Description of the Lordship of Cottbus, p. 50. Online at Google Books
  6. ^ Bratring, Neumark Brandenburg, Appendix, p. 342.
  7. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 508 Online at Google Books
  8. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the manors represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Berlin 1857, p. 122
  9. ↑ Dieter Sperling: Niederlausitzer lignite mining in the 19th century: Finding aid Niederlausitzer lignite mines and awards under mining law. 236 p., Förderverein Kulturlandschaft Niederlausitz, 2005 snippets from Google Books (p. 47)
  10. ^ Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. I. Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 238–239
  11. ^ R. Reichert, Royal Authorities and Chamber of Agriculture for the Province of Brandenburg (Ed.): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. Province of Brandenburg, 5th completely revised edition. I-LXXXVI (1-86), 376 p., + 24 p. (Location register), Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin, 1910 (p. 32/3)
  12. ^ Erich Seyfert: Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. 2nd completely revised and greatly increased edition, I-XLV (1-45) + 433 p., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1914 (p. 232/3)
  13. ↑ a b Gulde, Description of the Lordship of Cottbus, p. 34 Online at Google Books
  14. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. 388 S., Berlin, G. Hayn 1820 (p. 49).
  15. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. 270 S., Frankfurt a. O., Gustav Harnecker's Buchhandlung, 1844 Online at Google Books (p. 37)
  16. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., 1867 Online at Google Books (p. 38)
  17. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books .
  18. ^ Parish of Leuthen-Schorbus
  19. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical community directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.13 District Spree-Neisse PDF
  20. ↑ Ernst Tschernik : The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
  21. ↑ City of Drebkau wind power plan at Auras causes a dispute: Lausitzer Rundschau from December 24, 2005

Web links

Commons : Auras  - collection of images, videos and audio files