Böllinger Bach
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Böllinger Bach upper reaches: Krebsbach, Treschklinger Bach, Grundelbach previously also: Biberach |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 238572 | |
| location |
Kraichgau
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| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Neckar → Rhine → North Sea | |
| origin |
Start of the name run: tributary of the left Michelbach just before Heilbronn- Biberach 49 ° 12 '5 " N , 9 ° 8' 11" E Source of the Krebbach : in the Rohrwiesen west-northwest of Bad Rappenau- Treschklingen 49 ° 13 '56 " N , 9 ° 2 ′ 6 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 266 m above sea level NHN Q. Krebsbach |
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| muzzle | east of Obereisesheim after the weir at the exit of the Neckar Canal Kochendorf from the left and from the west into the central Neckar Coordinates: 49 ° 11 ′ 30 ″ N , 9 ° 12 ′ 57 ″ E 49 ° 11 ′ 30 ″ N , 9 ° 12 ′ 57 " O |
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| Mouth height | 142.8 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | approx. 123.2 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 7.3 ‰ | |
| length |
16.9 km from Q. Krebsbach |
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| Catchment area | 49.981 km² | |
| Big cities | Heilbronn | |
| Medium-sized cities | Bad Rappenau | |
| Small towns | Bad Wimpfen | |
The Böllinger Bach is a total of about ESE flowing stream through the eastern Kraichgau in Baden-Württemberg agricultural and urban district Heilbronn , which according to one on the main branch 17 kilometers run opposite Neckarsulm from the left in the middle Neckar opens.
Surname
The main branch of the Böllinger Bach changes its name three times at a larger tributary, it rises as Krebsbach , continues to run as Treschklinger Bach after taking up the first larger upper tributaries , and then after another section, where it is called Grundelbach , finally ends on the lower reaches Main name to lead Böllinger Bach . The name is derived from the formerly independent village of Böllingen , which partially disappeared in the course of history and from which the Altböllinger Hof on the banks of the Unterlauf and a later newly founded Neuböllinger Hof remain, both now part of the Neckargartach district of Heilbronn.
The brook used to be called Biberach , just like the place at the beginning of the lower reaches .
geography
Headwaters
The Böllinger Bach arises in the Kraichgau from a clump of upper courses that arise between Kirchardt in the south-west and Bad Rappenau in the north-east on the less prominent watershed to the Elsenz river system. The Krebsbach , the west-north-west of the Bad Rappenau suburb of Treschklingen, a little before the Forlenwald at about 266 m above sea level, is the main stream upper course . NHN arises. After a small initial curve to the right, this source stream runs southeast towards Treschklingen, crosses it, takes in a smaller inflow from the left and then unites with the right Steinbach, which runs from a corridor in the west between the Steinbachwald in the south and the Ilmenwald in the north. A few steps before the confluence, the Steinbach takes on the middle Rohrwiesenbach , which begins its course in the Ilmenwald, passing Treschklingen to the southwest. The three source streams do not differ very much in their catchment area and, above all, in their length.
When they merge , the Treschklinger Bach is created , which is now less straight than the source brooks and continues through the corridor to the east-south-east, accompanied by a gallery, crossed by the L 549 Bad Rappenau – Fürfeld and then touching the Rappenau suburb of Bonfeld on the south-western edge . At the southern edge of the Bonfeld Castle Park , the Fürfelder Bach flows from the west, which arises in the west in the corridor bridge used by the B 39 between Kirchardt and the Fürfeld , which it then runs through on the east . The Fürfelder Bach is in turn an upper course that is almost equal to the main stream up to this point, from its confluence the combined brook is then called the Grundelbach .
Middle course
The Grundelbach initially flows east through Bonfeld, the larger and older part of which is on the left slope. Following the eastern edge of the settlement, the Seelesbach flows into it at the bridge of the L 1107 which crosses the valley and rises from the Erlenbrunnen at the edge of a forest island in the north-northwest . Immediately afterwards the Grundelbach passes the Bonfelder Obere Mühle on the left bank and after a section through the corridor the Untere Mühle , where a previously branched off left Mühlkanal runs back. It is already opposite the valley slope of the Seebuckel forest area , which now accompanies the stream for almost two kilometers to the right. Three hundred meters below the mill, at the inlet of the grass brook coming from the north , which approaches the border with the urban area of Bad Wimpfen , behind which the Bonfeld forest begins, there is also forest on the left slope. The brook now runs with many loops and is accompanied by the K 9560 in an often only fifty meter wide corridor lane to the southeast through Heilbronn's urban area.
A little before the following inlet of the Michelbach, again from the left, the forest on the slopes and above completely breaks out, from this inlet the stream is now called Böllinger Bach until the end . Here he is only a little removed from Biberach , in whose settlement zone he enters near the old mill . At the other end of the village, the Kimbach , sometimes also called Kühnbach , runs to, which, like before the Michelbach, rises in the north in the area of the town of Bad Wimpfen. Here the Böllinger Bach reaches its lower section.
Lower course
On the lower reaches of the above-mentioned county road, the A 6 joins the valley , which is now almost eastward. The brook passes a large industrial area on the low right-hand edge of the hill, which extends between the Neuböllinger Hof on the hill and the Altböllinger Hof with the Böllinger Mühle am Lauf. Less than five kilometers below the Kimbach inlet it then enters the left floodplain of the Neckar near Heilbronn- Neckarau and approaches the river up to fifty meters across from the Heilbronn coal-fired power station . Then, instead of flowing here as it used to, it bends to the northeast and runs on the diagonal of a Neckar arch through the floodplain, crossing the A 6 under the long Heilbronn viaduct . A little down from the weir, where the Neckar Canal Kochendorf branches off to the right of the river, it then flows out at about 142.8 m above sea level. NHN east of the Obereisesheim district on the left edge of the valley and opposite a large industrial zone in Neckarsulm from the left into the middle Neckar .
Here the stream has reached a length of 16.9 km from the source of the Krebsbach, to which it has fallen by about 123 meters. The mean bed slope is thus around 7.2 ‰.
Catchment area
The Böllinger Bach has a catchment area of 50.0 km². It has an almost long rectangular contour and extends about 14 km east-southeast from a little above the source of the Rohrwiesenbach to the Neckar bend north of the Heilbronn harbor area. The main strand runs roughly in the middle between the left and right watershed.
Beyond the left watershed, the upper Mühlbach runs parallel through Bad Rappenau, which then turns north through the Fünfmühlental to the downstream Neckar and is replaced as a direct competitor on the subsequent north-eastern watershed by smaller brooks to the Neckar, from the brook through the blade opposite from Offenau over two small watercourses in the Bad Wimpfen city area to the Untereisesheimer Mühlbach and the Obereisesheimer Riedbach , which flows into the river a little further down the Böllinger Bach itself.
Subsequently, the right watershed already borders the large catchment area of the Lein , which flows a little upward into the Neckar, just above the mouth of the Böllinger Bach river, first in the southeast and then in the south , which first competes itself, then via its large tributaries Rotbach and further up Massenbach or via their own Kleinbach inlet.
On the other side of the short watershed on the western edge of the catchment area, the brooks to Elsenz flow , mostly over the Berwanger Bach , at the very last at the northwest tip also on a short section over the Insenbach and one after the other Krebsbach (another!) And Schwarzbach .
Here at the watershed in the northwest corner of the catchment area north and west of Treschklingen are also its greatest heights. On one of the often nameless little hills of the Kraichgau in the Forlenwald near the origin of the highest upper course Krebsbach, the height level of 290 m above sea level is briefly seen . NHN exceeded. On the entire western watershed to Elsenz, the terrain is mostly over 260 or even 270 m above sea level. NHN . In the direction of the two long watersheds in the north-northeast and south-southwest, it then drops irregularly towards the Neckar to around 190 m above sea level. NHN just above the river valley depression, then quickly into the Neckar valley at a little over 150 m above sea level. NHN .
The part of the Kraichgau drained by the Böllinger Bach comprises a predominantly open landscape dominated by fields, its forest parts are in islands on the mainly western edges, next to it also in a forest bar on the Grundelbach section between Bonfeld and Biberach, which almost entire catchment area.
The Untertal from the entry into the Neckarau up to Biberach is crossed by the A 6 traffic axis, which then leaves the catchment area to the west between the upper reaches of Steinbach and Fürfelder Bach on a ridge. Two state roads cross it. The population lives mostly concentrated in comparatively large villages, which are otherwise only networked with district roads at best. There are no railway lines.
The entire western catchment area up to the aforementioned forest bar east of Bonfeld belongs to the urban area of Bad Rappenau. Downward from this, the urban area of Heilbronn in the south, which mostly extends beyond the stream to the north, that of Bad Wimpfen to the left of the middle course and that of Neckarsulm mainly to the left of the lower course divide into the landscape.
Tributaries and lakes
Hierarchical list of tributaries and 
lakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area and catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.
Source of the uppermost section of the Krebsbach of the Böllinger Bach at about 266 m above sea level. NHN west-northwest of Bad Rappenau - Treschklingen in the Rohrwiesen in front of the Forlenwald . After initially running east-north-east, it swings very quickly on a south-easterly course.
- Zipbach, from the left and northwest to about 212 m above sea level. NHN a little below Treschklingen, 1.4 km and about 0.7 km². Arises at about 255 m above sea level. NHN a little northeast outside Treschklingen on the K 2041 to Babstadt.
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Steinbach , from the right and west to about 210 m above sea level. NHN only about 200 meters after the previous one, 2.5 km and about 4.2 km². Arises at about 232 m above sea level. NHN east of Bad Rappenauer Karlshof in a meadow between the wooded hills Kohlplatte in the north and Platte ( 268.1 m above sea level ) in the south. The cancer Bach has km this confluence only a length of 3.1 square kilometers and a catchment area of about 3.2. From this tributary onwards, the stream is initially called Treschklinger Bach and now flows east-south-east.
- Rohrwiesenbach , from the left and west-northwest to about 210 m above sea level. NHN only about 20 meters before the Steinbach estuary, 2.2 km and about 1.6 km². Arises at about 248 m above sea level. NHN on the northern edge of the Ilmen Forest . On the other hand, the topographic map shows a Waldbach confluence at this "origin", the longer and higher left branch begins its course about 0.6 km further west in the Ilmenwald at about 268 m above sea level. NHN .
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Feeds below 204 m above sea level. NHN a pond to the right of the river shortly before a nursery, west of the L 549 at the Bonfelder Treulosweghöfe, under 0.1 ha. -
Fürfelder Bach , from the right and west to about 202 m above sea level. NHN on the southern edge of the castle park of Bonfeld square kilometers, 5.2 kilometers and 8.7. Arises as a Mühlbach at about 243 m above sea level. NHN as a field path ditch next to the B 39 Kirchardt - Fürfeld im Feldgewann Alt Fürfeld . The main line from Krebsbach and Treschklinger Bach has a length of 5.8 km and a catchment area of 9.2 km². From this tributary on, the stream is called Grundelbach .
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Benzgraben , from the right and southwest to about 211 m above sea level. NHN in Fürfeld verdolt under Heilbronner Strasse, 1.9 km and approx. 1.9 km². Arises at about 235 m above sea level. NHN between fields in Stöckach . From this inflow, the previous Mühlbach is now called Fürfelder Bach .
- (other Benzgraben branch), from the right and southeast to about 222 m above sea level. NHN a little south of the local boundary of Fürfeld on Massenbachhausener Strasse (L 1107), 0.8 km and about 0.6 km². Arises at about 242 m above sea level. NHN next to an Aussiedlerhof group on the L 1107. Throughout field path ditch.
- ( Ditch from the Seufertsberg ), from the right and southwest to about 202 m above sea level. NHN at the Bad Rappenau junction of the A 6 , 1.5 km and approx. 1.2 km². Arises at about 232 m above sea level. NHN next to the B 35 at the northeast corner of the Stöckach forest area .
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Benzgraben , from the right and southwest to about 211 m above sea level. NHN in Fürfeld verdolt under Heilbronner Strasse, 1.9 km and approx. 1.9 km². Arises at about 235 m above sea level. NHN between fields in Stöckach . From this inflow, the previous Mühlbach is now called Fürfelder Bach .
- (Ditch from the A 6), from the right and southwest to about 197 m above sea level. NHN on the southern edge of Bonfeld from a Verdolung under Kirchhausener Straße, 1.2 km and about 0.7 km². Arises at about 224 m above sea level. NHN next to the A 6 near a group of houses in the barley fields .
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Seelesbach , from the left and north-northwest to about 194 m above sea level. NHN a little above the upper mill of Bonfeld, 2.6 km and approx. 3.4 km². Rises at 225.6 m above sea level. NHN the Erlenbrunnen on the eastern edge of the Bonfeld community forest .
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Feeds at about 217 m above sea level. NHN its two pre- ponds and the
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- ( Ditch from the Keßlergrund ), from the right and west-northwest to about 210 m above sea level. NHN west of the Hungerberg ( 246.9 m above sea level ), 0.9 km and about 0.9 km². Arises at about 219 m above sea level. NHN on the southern edge of the community forest .
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Feeds a pond to the right of the run at about 214 m above sea level. NHN at the Allmend settlement, 0.1 ha.
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Flows through at about 195 m above sea level. NHN two small ponds shortly after the origin, together less than 0.1 ha. Mostly digging away.
- (Another branch of the Allmendgraben), from the left and west-southwest to about 180 m above sea level. NHN north of the Neuböllinger Hof from the Mühlgrund , 0.8 km and approx. 0.4 km². Arises at about 204 m above sea level. NHN north of the Konradsberg farm . Digging away. From this tributary, the Böllinger Bach moves approximately to the east.
- (Inflow along Alexander-Baumann-Straße), from the left and west to about 170 m above sea level. NHN near the corner of Alexander-Baumann-Strasse and Grundäckerstrasse, approx. 2.1 km and approx. 3.5 km². Arises at about 193 m above sea level. NHN on the edge of the western Pfaffenstrasse. The uppermost inconsistent main branch of the Wächtelesgraben next to the street mentioned on the southern edge of the industrial area between Altböllinger and Neuböllinger Hof.
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Passed at about 177– 174 m above sea level. NHN two ponds, together approx. 4.5 ha.
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Passed two quarry ponds in the wide left Neckartalaue near Obereisesheimer Bad, at around 150 m above sea level. Above sea level , together approx. 1.5 ha.Mouth of the Böllinger Bach from the left and finally southwest to 142.8 m above sea level. NHN near Obereisesheim and across from Neckarsulm in the Neckar , about 250 meters below the weir where the right Neckar Canal Kochendorf begins. The stream is 16.9 km long from the Krebsbach source and has a catchment area of 50.0 km².
Length of the Krebsbach section 3.1 km, the Treschklinger Bach section 2.5 km, the Grundelbach section 3.8 km and finally the Böllinger Bach section 7.5 km.
Localities
Localities on the main line with their affiliations; only the names of the lowest nesting level denote neighboring settlements:
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Heilbronn district
- City of Bad Rappenau
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Treschklingen (district)
- Treschklingen (village, on the Krebsbach section)
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Bonfeld (district)
- Bonfeld (village, on the Treschklinger Bach and Grundelbach section)
- Obere Mühle (courtyard, left on the Grundelbach section)
- Untere Mühle (courtyard, left on the Grundelbach section)
- Ziegelhütte (settlement site, in the upward corner of the mouth of the Grasbach )
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Treschklingen (district)
- City of Bad Rappenau
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Heilbronn district
- Biberach district (on the Böllinger Bach section)
- Biberach (village, on the Böllinger Bach section) with the old mill
- Neckargartach district
- Altböllinger Hof (courtyard, right on the Böllinger Bach section)
- Neckarau (industrial area, on the Böllinger Bach section)
- Biberach district (on the Böllinger Bach section)
- Heilbronn district
- City of Neckarsulm
- Obereisesheim (village, left on the Neckar valley edge on the Böllinger Bach section)
- Neckarsulm (mouth area in the unpopulated corridor marking of the city itself)
- City of Neckarsulm
The only larger settlement in a side valley is the Bad Rappenau village of Fürfeld on both sides of the brook named after it. In addition, there are only a few farms left in the side valleys and on the accompanying heights.
Natural spaces and geology
The course and catchment area of the Böllinger Bach are largely located in the natural area of the Kraichgau , initially and for a long time in the lower Leinbachgäu . Below Biberach the stream changes to the Gartacher Feld sub- area . At Heilbronn- Neckarau , the stream still enters the edge of the large floodplain and for a short distance the neighboring sub-area Heilbronn-Wimpfener Tal of the natural area Heilbronn Bay, which forms the northern tip of the Neckar basin .
Most of the area drained by the Böllinger Bach is covered by loess sediment , the raw material of which was deposited in the Quaternary . Some higher ridges in the gypsum keuper ( grave field formation ), especially at the edges, remained free. The larger slope runs to the feet and lower slopes are of bands under the Gipskeuper lying under Keupers accompanied. In two places - near Fürfeld and down from Bonfeld into the forest valley below its two mills - there are small windows in the Upper Muschelkalk , the geologically deepest layer in the entire catchment area. The main strand already runs below Treschklingen in a floodplain sediment hose. Below two short faults that cross the valley just downhill from Biberach, old river gravel is at least superficially replacing the undercounter belts that are suspended or submerged here on both sides.
Protected areas
The Böllinger Bach flows through several landscape protection areas in its lower reaches. Between Bonfeld and Biberach this is the area no. 1.21.014 Böllingerbachtal and Michelbachtal with 91.5 hectares. Directly after Biberach, it touches a short stretch of LSG 1.21.013 Kühnbachtal , which is 87 hectares in total. LSG No. 1.21.010 Böllinger Bach (121.5 hectares) follows along the Altböllingerhof settlement for a length of around two kilometers .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Old name Biberach after the section on Böllingen in the description of the Oberamt Heilbronn , page 324. On page 7, the associated valley Biberachthal is mentioned.
- ↑ a b c d Height according to the contour line image on the background layer Topographic map of the online map server of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg (LUBW). See the → web links .
- ↑ a b c the target of the Neckar between the double locks of Kochendorf and Gundelsheim, for the first time entered in blue on the background layer of the topographic map of the LUBW's online map server down between the Kocher and Jagst estuaries.
- ↑ a b c Length according to the water network layer ( AWGN ) of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ a b Catchment area added up from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ Lake area according to the layer standing waters of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ Catchment area according to the basic catchment area (AWGN) layer of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r catchment area measured on the background layer of the topographic map of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ a b Height after black lettering on the background layer Topographic map of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ a b Length measured on the background layer Topographic map of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ The left slope of the upper “Kühnbach” hollow after crossing under the K 2040 Wimpfen – Biberach bears the name Kimbachberg . On a situation map of the noise action plan of the city of Heilbronn ( memento of the original from April 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF, 3.5 MByte) the stream is labeled with Kimbach . Also the geodata viewer ( memento of the original from October 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. labels the barrel with Kimbach , which therefore seems to be the name in use locally, at least today. The old German name book mentions a Kienbach for Biberach on p. 1010 , see books.google.de . The description of the Oberamt Heilbronn from 1865 names its valley Kühnbachthal on page 7 . The LUBW-Gewässerlayer Gewässernetz (AWGB) and Gewässername therefore seem to adhere to an older (written) name form Kühnbach .
- ↑ a b The area of the lake measured on the background layer of the topographic map of the LUBW's online map server.
- ↑ The old mouth can be seen on the historical map of Württemberg linked under → Literature .
- ↑ Josef Schmithüsen : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 161 Karlsruhe. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1952. → Online map (PDF; 5.1 MB)
- ^ Geology according to the online map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB). See the → web links .
literature
- Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as a single sheet No. 6720 Bad Rappenau, No. 6721 Bad Friedrichshall (only for the catchment area), No. 6820 Schwaigern, No. 6821 Heilbronn
- Topographical Atlas of the Kingdom of Württemberg - Sheet 4 Neckarsulm (JPG, 4.6 MByte)
- Measuring table sheets in the Deutsche Fotothek :
- 6720 Gundelsheim from 1902, 2010
- 6721 Kochendorf from 1902 to 2010
- 6820 Schwaigern from 1902, 2010
- 6821 Heilbronn from 1902, 2010
Web links
- Map of the course and catchment area of the Böllinger Bach on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
- Lower course of the Böllinger Bach on: Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information )
- Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( information )