Benz patent motor car number 3

Benz
Patent motor car number 3
Production period:	1886-1894
Class :
Body versions :	Phaeton
Engines:	Petrol engines : 1.05–2.0 liters ( 1.1–2.2 kW)
Length:
Width:
Height:
Wheelbase :	1575 mm
Empty weight :	360 kg
Previous model	Benz patent motor car number 1
successor	Benz Velo

Benz patent motor car number 3 in the Dr. Carl Benz

The Benz Patent Motorwagen number 3 was the first Benz vehicle to be offered for sale. It was a further development of the first model .

Differences to the patent motor car number 1

Improvements from the tests were constantly incorporated into the series, so that almost no copy of this type corresponds exactly to another.

The single-cylinder engine was enlarged several times, from 954 cm³ (0.9 PS) for number 1 to 1045 cm³ (1.5 PS), 1660 cm³ (2.5 PS) up to 1990 cm³ (3 PS). From 1888 onwards, the flywheel that had previously been lying was installed upright. At the same time, the inlet slide was replaced by an automatic inlet valve ( sniffer valve ).

The transmission now had two forward gears and the front wheel was suspended. The wheelbase grew by 125 mm and instead of the wire-spoke wheels, wooden-spoke wheels were used. The weight increased to 360 kg, the top speed to 20 km / h.

The two-seater had a half-hood, could be delivered with an emergency bench seat and cost 3,000 gold marks .

Bertha Benz's exit

The first cross-country trip of a patent motor car number 3 with an additional front seat became famous. Without her husband's knowledge, Bertha Benz got into the car with her sons Richard and Eugen at the beginning of August 1888 and drove the 106 km long route from Mannheim via the intermediate stations Wiesloch (where she had to refuel in the Ligroin city ​​pharmacy ) and Mingolsheim to Pforzheim . The return trip took place three days later via Bauschlott , Bretten, Bruchsal and Schwetzingen. The Bertha Benz Memorial Route has been a reminder of that pioneering journey since 2008 . This first performance test not only led to further improvements in the design of the car, so an additional mountain gear was built to cope with the inclines, but also to the hoped-for economic success of the model.

The whereabouts of Bertha Benz's car

The patent motor car number 3, which the Science Museum in London bought from private ownership around 1913 for only 5 pounds sterling, is very likely the car of Bertha Benz. In any case, it is the oldest completely preserved automobile of the world because of the Munich Deutsches Museum standing Benz Patent Motor Car number one was rebuilt about 1900. From 2009 to 2016, car number 3 from the London Science Museum was on temporary loan from the Dr. Carl Benz in Ladenburg , but has since been brought back to London.

Four-wheel conversion

Benz patent motor car number 3 as a four-wheel car

The painter Eugen Zardetti received a three-wheeler of this type with the serial number 24 on February 28, 1893. He had the vehicle converted into a four-wheeler by the carriage manufacturer Theodor Anwander in 1898. This vehicle has been preserved and belongs to the collection of the Technisches Museum Wien .

Technical specifications

	Benz patent motor car number 3
engine	Single-cylinder four-stroke engine with a large horizontal (from 1888 vertical) flywheel, installed horizontally in the rear
Displacement	1045 cc	1660 cc	1990 cc
Bore × stroke	110 × 110 mm	115 × 160 mm	130 × 150 mm
Power at 1 / min	1103 W (1.5 hp) at 500	1839 W (2.5 hp) at 500	2206 W (3 hp) at 500
Mixture preparation	Benz surface carburetor
Valve control	1 inlet slide valve (from 1888 inlet valve), 1 vertical outlet valve controlled by an eccentric rod, cam disk, rocker arm and push rod
transmission	Loose pulley and two-stage fixed pulley, 2-gear shift by moving the belt between the pulleys using a hand lever, rear-wheel drive
Front suspension	1 front wheel control fork, small full elliptic spring across
Rear suspension	Rigid axle, fully elliptical spring
steering	Rack and pinion steering, steering crank in the middle of the car
Rear track	1190 mm
wheelbase	1575 mm
Empty weight	360 kg
Top speed	20 km / h
price	3,000 ℳ (two-seater with half hood)

literature

• Werner Oswald: Mercedes-Benz Passenger Cars 1886–1986. 4th edition, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-613-01133-6 , pp. 13-23.
• Winfried Seidel, Petra Arnold: automobile stories. The cars from the Dr. Carl Benz. Ladenburg: Dr. Carl Benz 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-041470-1 , pp. 18-21.

Web links

Commons : Benz Patent Motorwagen Number 3  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Information from Mercedes-Benz

Individual evidence

1. ^ Bertha Benz Memorial Route
2. ^ Winfried Seidel, Petra Arnold: Automobilgeschichten. The cars from the Dr. Carl Benz. Ladenburg 2013, p. 20.
3. ↑ Dr. Carl Benz ( Memento of the original from February 2, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ Harry Niemann: Benz & Cie. For the 150th birthday of Karl Benz. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-613-01643-5 , pp. 65-82.
5. ↑ Benz Patent Motor Car Type 3 / Victoria (accessed April 7, 2018)