Hamburg-Billbrook
 district of Hamburg |
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 32 '43 " N , 10 ° 1' 50" E |
| surface | 6.1 km² |
| Residents | 1740 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 285 inhabitants / km² |
| Post Code | 22111, 22113 |
| prefix | 040 |
| district | Hamburg-center |
| Transport links | |
| Train |
 
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| bus | 130, 230, 432, 160, 260 |
| Source: Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein | |
Billbrook is a district in the Hamburg-Mitte district of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg .
geography
The Billbrook is a swamp area on the edge of the marshland in the glacial valley of the Elbe , which is bordered to the north by the river Bille . This is where the name Billbrook, which means " Brook an der Bille" means, comes from .
Similar to the neighboring Hammerbrook to the west (in today's districts of Hamm and Hammerbrook ), the site was filled with sand by several meters towards the end of the 19th century to enable it to be built on.
The area was developed according to plan by a network of, completely untypical for Hamburg, very wide and, for long stretches, dead straight streets. Five wide canals ( Tiefstack- and Billbrook Canal as well as Tide- , Industrie- and Moorfleeter Canal ) are used for drainage, but are also navigable with shallow drafts.
The area around the mouth of the Tiefstack Canal , which separates Billbrook from the neighboring district of Rothenburgsort on the island " Billwerder Ausschlag ", into the Billwerder Bay is also known as the " Tiefstack ".
Development and use
Billbrook today consists almost entirely of industrial parks. Two small residential areas are located on Billbrookdeich in the north and northeast along the Billeufer and on the corner of Andreas-Meyer-Str./Halskestrasse in the extreme south of the district.
In the east of the district, not far from the Billbrookdeich elementary school, there are two residential accommodations for homeless people: The buildings are mostly homeless families of various origins. One is on Berzeliusstrasse, where a poorly reputed accommodation was demolished in 2002. This was known as "Berze". The other is on Billstieg.
history
As early as the 13th and 14th centuries, marshes were diked on the Bille. Since 1395 the area belonged to the Hamburg rural area and there to the village Billwärder . In addition to rural settlement, wealthy Hamburgers have been building country houses on Billbrook since the 17th century. Some of these houses stood until the 20th century and were used as restaurants. The garden restaurant Billwärder Park at the Blue Bridge was z. B. Built in 1727 as a country house and at the end of the 18th century it belonged to Hamburg Senator Joachim Caspar Voigt . The country house on the blue bridge in Billwärder an der Bille 34 was operated from 1882 to 1889 by the distiller Jochim Friedrich Thomsen, who previously worked as a cafetier for the Elb pavilion on the Mühlenberg on the Casparus bastion, the Orpheum in Neustädter Neustrasse and Lübbers Salon in the Eimsbütteler Chaussee.
After industry had already settled in western Billbrook from 1850, the backfilling of the site at the end of the 19th century led to the displacement of agriculture by industrial companies. In 1903 the Tiefstack Canal was built. In 1912, Billbrook was detached from Billwerder, which remained a large rural area, and incorporated into the core city of Hamburg as a separate district (at that time, Hamburg was legally an area state).
From 1914 to 1917, i.e. during the First World War, the large-scale Tiefstack power plant was built, making the HEW's largest power plant up to that point . The power plant had an output of 100,000 kilowatts, five times as much as the previously largest HEW power plant. It was replaced in 1993 by today's Tiefstack thermal power station. Large areas of Billbrook were destroyed in World War II.
The dioxin scandal surrounding the industrial company Boehringer had its origins in Billbrook: Boehringer operated a herbicide plant on Andreas-Meyer-Strasse on the border with Moorfleet , the dioxin emissions of which made many workers sick. In 1984 the factory had to be closed. The site was redeveloped into the 1990s, but this did not lead to any significant relief of the soil, so that since 1994 the area has been separated from the surrounding area by meter-deep sheet piling.
Historic Buildings
statistics
- Minor quota: 31.0% [Hamburg average: 16.3% (2017)].
- Old age quota: 5.5% [Hamburg average: 18.2% (2017)].
- Proportion of foreigners: 78.0% [Hamburg average: 17.1% (2017)].
- Unemployment rate: 11.7% [Hamburg average: 5.2% (2017)].
The average income per taxpayer in Billbrook is 22,625 euros annually (2013), the Hamburg average is 39,054 euros.
politics
For the election to the citizenry and the district assembly , Billbrook belongs to the constituency of Billstedt-Wilhelmsburg-Finkenwerder . The 2015 state election led to the following result:
- SPD : 49.4% (-2.0)
- AfD : 13.3% (+13.3)
- CDU : 10.6% (−6.3)
- Left : 8.9% (± 0.0)
- Pirates : 6.0% (+1.5)
- FDP : 4.8% (+2.8)
- Greens : 4.1% (-2.4)
- Others: 2.9% (–6.9)
In the 2019 European elections, Billbrook hit the headlines because it was the only district in Hamburg where the AfD was the strongest party with 27.1%. Due to the high proportion of non-EU foreigners and children, around 2,000 inhabitants, of which around 1,400 were adults, but only 361 were eligible to vote, only 92 of them voted and 25 voted for the AfD.
Economy and Infrastructure
Energy and waste
Billbrook houses the Tiefstack cogeneration plant of the former Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke (HEW, now Vattenfall Europe ), a waste incineration plant with an attached biomass cogeneration plant and a hazardous waste incineration plant .
There are also various medium-sized waste disposal and recycling companies.
Trade and forwarding agencies
Above all, Billbrook provides a home for space-intensive companies such as forwarding agents and the warehouses of trading companies (e.g. Otto-Versand, Olympus). The J. J. Darboven coffee roasting company also has a warehouse there.
traffic
The two main roads Wöhlerstraße and Moorfleeter Straße , which run in north-south direction, connect to the federal highway 5 , which runs north of the district and has been developed as an expressway.
The Billbrook station of the Billwerder Industriebahn is also located on Moorfleeter Straße , whose dense network runs through the entire district, although many sidings are now closed / dismantled. The route of the Hamburg Marschbahn , which was extended to Billbrook in 1928 and closed in 1952, runs along the eastern edge of the district . Since 1907, the Südstormarn circular railway has been running from the train station to the northeast to Glinde and on to Trittau until 1952 . In the same year the passenger traffic via Billbrook was stopped; the goods traffic on the remaining routes are operated by the AKN .
Since 1930, passengers at Billbrook station had a connection to the tram . Line 19 ran via Süderstrasse to Mundsburg ; You can get to downtown Hamburg by changing trains at the Berliner Tor . The tram connection existed until 1970. Today the district is served by the Hamburger Hochbahn (HHA) and the Hamburg-Holstein transport company (VHH) within the HVV with the Horner Rennbahn and Billstedt ( U2 + U4 ) and Wandsbek Markt ( U1 ) and the S-Bahn stations Rothenburgsort, Tiefstack and Billwerder-Moorfleet (S2 + S21). The on-demand offer ioki Hamburg has also been available in Billbrook since autumn 2019 .
The route of the long-distance railway line Hamburg – Berlin runs through the south of Billbrook , and the S-Bahn lines S2 and S21 also run here. Their stops at Tiefstack in the south-west and Billwerder-Moorfleet in the south-east are already in the neighboring districts of Rothenburgsort and Billwerder .
education
For the many children in the district (the rate of minors is twice as high as the city average), there is a primary school on Billbrookdeich . The fire brigade academy of the Hamburg Fire Brigade is also located north of the railway line and east of the Tide Canal on Bredowstrasse.
Billbrook / Rothenburgsort industrial area
In terms of urban planning, the Billbrook / Rothenburgsort industrial area is viewed as a unit, although it extends over parts of the two eponymous districts. The industrial area comprises a large part of the Billbrook district and the eastern part of the neighboring Billwerder rash . With its 770 hectares, it is the second largest closed industrial area in the city after the Port of Hamburg . The area has around 1000 companies with around 22,000 employees subject to social insurance contributions. The distinguishing feature is the very short distance to the city center.
Cultural adaptation
The district was immortalized by Wolfgang Borchert in his radio play Bill Brook sucht Billbrook . A Canadian soldier named Bill Brook comes to Hamburg with his unit after the Second World War . When the troops left the train at the main station to march to their accommodation, his eyes fell on the signpost to Billbrook. That same evening he made the decision to visit the place that bears his name. On his first day off he walks for hours through destroyed streets (it must be the districts of Hammerbrook and Rothenburgsort) without meeting a soul, and finally comes to a body of water (probably the Bille east of Billbrook) where some Men camp and fish. He asks her for directions to Billbrook and has to learn that he last walked through the destroyed Billbrook and that this place no longer exists. On the way back he begins to see the destructive force of the war with different eyes.
Personalities
- Johann Max Böttcher (1920–2014), entrepreneur and philanthropist
- Dieter Horchler (1936–2017), building contractor, President of the Hamburg Chamber of Crafts , founder of the Billbrookkreis www.billbrookkreis.de , a business association for companies in the Billbrook / Rothenburgsort industrial area
See also
- List of streets and bridges in Hamburg-Billbrook
- List of cultural monuments in Hamburg-Billbrook
- List of stumbling blocks in Hamburg-Billbrook
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolfgang Laur : The names of places and waters of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg , Neumünster 2012, p. 74.
- ^ Article in the Spiegel about the slum in Berzeliusstrasse
- ↑ Controversy about the poor housing complex on Billstieg
- ↑ Quota of minors in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Proportion of 65-year-olds and older in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Unemployment rate in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein (ed.): Hamburg District Profile 2016 (= NORD.regional . Volume 19 ). 2018, ISSN 1863-9518 ( Online PDF 6.6 MB [accessed February 12, 2018]).
- ↑ http://www.wahlen-hamburg.de/wahlen.php?site=left/gebiete&wahltyp=3#index.php?site=right/result&wahl=973&gebiet=11&typ=4&stimme=1&gID=4&gTyp=2
- ↑ The on-demand offer ioki Hamburg in Billbrook on vhhbus.de , accessed on November 22, 2019
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