Burghard von Schorlemer-Alst

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Burghard Freiherr von Schorlemer-Alst
Herringhausen Castle near Lippstadt

Baron Burghard von Schorlemer-Alst (born October 21, 1825 at Herringhausen Castle near Lippstadt ; † March 17, 1895 at the Alst castle in the Alst peasantry near Horstmar ) was a German politician in the second half of the 19th century. Schorlemer-Alst was the founder of the " Westphalian Farmers' Association " and initiator of the rural cooperative movement in Westphalia .

origin

Relief image Freiherr von Schorlemer-Alst, "Green Center" Saerbeck
A boulder in front of the Wettringen town hall commemorates the founding of the first local farmers' association on June 10, 1862.
Statue of Burghard Freiherr von Schorlemer-Alst at the Westphalian-Lippian Agricultural Association in Münster

Burghard von Schorlemer-Alst came from the Westphalian noble family von Schorlemer . His father was the manor owner and politician Friedrich Wilhelm von Schorlemer (1786–1849). His mother was Josephine (born von Pelden called von Cloudt). An older brother was the officer, district administrator and politician Wilhelm von Schorlemer (1821-1884). His nephew Ferdinand was the district administrator of the Warburg district .

Life

During the time of the democratic revolution of 1848/49, the young Westphalian nobleman Schorlemer-Alst fought on the side of the opponents of the revolution. As a Prussian second lieutenant , he took part in the military crackdown on the "democratic activities" as part of the campaigns in Rhineland-Palatinate . The democratic revolution also found a large following among the Westphalian rural population, especially in the peasant and sub-peasant classes. In the spring of 1848, farmers, smallholders and hired men stormed aristocratic residences and castles. These events had a lasting impact on Schorlemer-Alst. After retiring from Prussian military service in 1852, he got to know the situation of agriculture from close by while participating in a rating committee . In his opinion, the large population group in agriculture did not receive adequate social attention. From a religious, Catholic-old-class perspective, Schorlemer saw agriculture primarily threatened by the growing influence of liberalism or the capitalist market system and the state that was increasingly interfering with the social order. In 1862 he wrote: “Our time is striving to free itself more and more from the dear God, from his commandments, from the faith of the fathers, and mankind is well on the way to face the two modern deities, namely before himself and before him golden calf, sinking adoringly. The state as such emancipates itself from denomination, thus from religion and from God. ”(Pro Memoria for the establishment of a farmers' association, 1862) It is important“ to combine the farming class into a corporation based on religious principles and thus at the same time the wider purpose to achieve to oppose the poison and despotism of modern so-called freedom with a new, healthy organism. "

From this perspective, Schorlemer founded the first local farmers' association in Wettringen on June 10, 1862 with 36 other farmers . A boulder in front of the Wettringen town hall still reminds of the foundation. Other local farmers 'associations quickly followed, from which the Westphalian farmers' association for the whole of Westphalia emerged in 1871 under the direction of Schorlemer-Alst. This professional, politically independent association represented the interests of the rural population. Schorlemer-Alst was particularly concerned with inheritance law , fire and life insurance , training farmers in winter schools , the common purchase of goods and the promotion and expansion of a cooperative supply of money and credit.

As a thank you, the Westphalian Farmers 'Association decided unanimously in the first meeting after Schorlemer's death to use a considerable part of the association's assets to erect "a monument in ore" to the Westphalian farmers' king, a larger than life bronze statue that was erected on March 15, 1902 in front of the newly built state house (1901 ) with the huge participation of the farmers of the Münsterland and the citizens of Münster in the presence of the board of directors of the farmers' association and the Berlin sculptor Bernhard Heising , who created the work of art, was solemnly unveiled and placed in the care of the province. In World War II it was destroyed. The plaster model for the tender has been preserved from Heising's descendants in Bad Driburg.

Despite all the political neutrality of the farmers' association, Schorlemer-Alst was a political fighter by nature. He was chairman of the Center Party in the Prussian state parliament , a member of the Reichstag and a bitter opponent of Otto von Bismarck in the Kulturkampf . Along with Ludwig Windthorst , he was one of the most pronounced opponents of Bismarck's domestic policy.

As chairman of the association committee, he was the first president of the Westphalian cooperatives . He also headed the Westphalian Provincial Association , the forerunner of the Chamber of Agriculture , for many years . His commitment to farmers earned him the honorary title of "Westphalian Farmer King".

Schorlemer-Alst was an honorary member of the Catholic connections Winfridia Göttingen and Askania Berlin (now K.St.V. Askania-Burgundia Berlin ) in the KV . In 1874 he also became an honorary member of the Catholic Student Union Alsatia Münster (now VKDSt. Saxonia Münster ) in the CV .

In memory of Burghard Freiherr von Schorlemer-Alst, the Catholic rural adult education center in Freckenhorst near Warendorf bears the additional designation "Schorlemer-Alst". There is a bronze cast of the plaster model.

MP

Burghard von Schorlemer-Alst was elected to the Reichstag of the North German Confederation in a by-election in the constituency of Münster 2 ( Münster , Coesfeld ) in April 1870 , which also made him a member of the Customs Parliament . From 1874 to 1885 he was a member of the Reichstag , including from 1874 to 1881 and from 1884 to 1885 for the constituency of Münster  1 ( Tecklenburg , Steinfurt , Ahaus ) and from 1881 to 1884 for the constituency of Arnsberg  5 ( Bochum ).

Politically significant in parliamentary work is Schorlemer-Alst's role in the so-called "Galen motion", of which he was the author and whose proposals were edited by a small group of MPs, including Josef Edmund Jörg and Georg von Hertling . At the suggestion of Schorlemer-Alst, the center faction commissioned the strict Catholic Ferdinand Heribert von Galen to submit the proposal, as he was also highly regarded by the other parties in the Reichstag. On March 19, 1877, Galen introduced the motion to the plenary session of the Reichstag. It contained a number of socio-political demands, such as observance of Sunday rest , restrictions on child and women's labor , restriction of freedom of trade , the introduction of corporate organizations in the handicrafts and protection of the family. As a justification for the application, Galen developed his Christian, ethical, social, romantic, transfigured worldview. The demands were viewed by the government and the parties that supported them as an attack on previous economic policy, and further examination and treatment by the competent Reichstag committee were rejected. Even if the “Galen proposal” did not produce any immediate practical results, it was at the beginning of the social policy of the Center Party.

For a collection of files on the occasion of the friendship treaty between the Reich and the Samoa Islands of May 22, 1879, Schorlemer-Alst used the term white paper for the first time , based on the English blue books . The term then became generally accepted.

In the Reichstag election in 1890 , Schorlemer-Alst was re-elected as a member of the Bochum constituency.

He was also a member of the Prussian House of Representatives from 1870 to 1889 and a member of the Westphalian Provincial Parliament from 1887 to 1890 . In 1891 he was appointed a member of the Prussian manor house .

Schorlemer badge

On August 8, 1967, the “Schorlemer badge” was donated on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Westphalian-Lippian Agricultural Association e. V. , the successor organization of the "Westphalian Farmers' Association". The plaque of honor has since been awarded in gold, silver and bronze to people who have made a special contribution to the farming profession.

family

Burghard von Schorlemer-Alst married Anna von Imbsen (1820–1891), widow of Maximilian von Wulffheim Count von Droste-Vischering zu Darfeld (1794–1849), daughter of Baron Wilhelm von Imbsen (1782–1833), hereditary lord , in 1852 in Bonn to Wewer, Borcholtz, Alfen and Messenhausen, and the Countess Bernhardine von Korff, called Schmising zu Tatenhausen (1786–1866). The couple had three sons:

  • Friedrich (1854–1934), Prussian District Administrator ∞ Wilhelmine von Hartmann (* 1859)
  • Clemens (1856–1922), German politician ∞ Maria Puricelli (* February 1, 1855; † 1936)
  • Hubert (1856–1930), Saxon first lieutenant, translator for Guy de Maupassant , author
∞ Freiin Mathilde von Dörnberg (1854–1905)
∞ Freiin Therese [Rosel] von Dernbach (1885–1965)

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ wlv.de
  2. ↑ lwl.org
  3. ↑ Bernd Haunfelder , Klaus Erich Pollmann (edit.): Reichstag of the North German Confederation 1867–1870. Historical photographs and biographical handbook . (= Photo documents on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 2). Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1989, photo p. 295, short biography p. 464.
  4. ^ Art. Galen, Count Ferdinand Heribert von . In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 222-223 ( online ).
  5. ^ Karl Gabriel, Hermann-Josef Grosse Kracht: Franz Heat (1851-1921), Social Policy and Social Reform. Schöningh, 2006, ISBN 3506729209 , p. 20 ( digitized version )
  6. ^ Johann Sass: The German white papers on foreign policy 1870-1914. History and Bibliography . de Gruyter, Berlin and Leipzig 1928, p. 125.
personal data
SURNAME Schorlemer-Alst, Burghard von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (center), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH October 21, 1825
PLACE OF BIRTH near Lippstadt
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1895
Place of death House Alst near Horstmar