Burgstall Grünberg (Grünberg)

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Burgstall Grünberg
Alternative name (s): castrum Gruneberg , castrum Gruninberc
Creation time : around 1186
Castle type : Location
Conservation status: Burgstall
Standing position : Landgrave
Place: Grünberg
Geographical location 50 ° 35 '28.4 "  N , 8 ° 57' 44.5"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 35 '28.4 "  N , 8 ° 57' 44.5"  E
Height: 269  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Grünberg (Hesse)
Burgstall Grünberg

The Postal Grünberg is an Outbound Landgrave's castle in Grünberg in the district of Giessen in Hesse .

location

The larger castle complex was located about 100 meters northeast of today's town church, east of the moat on the highest point of Grünberg, a basalt knoll that slopes relatively steeply to the east of the former castle grounds into the Brunnental, through which the Äschersbach has dug its bed.

history

The castle was built around 1186 by Landgrave Ludwig III. built by Thuringia and mentioned in 1186 as castrum Gruninberc . It was supposed to secure the western border of the Ludowinger possessions against the diocese of Mainz . In disputes after the death of Ludwig after 1190 between the Archbishop of Mainz Konrad I von Wittelsbach (supported by the Archbishop of Cologne, Adolf von Altena ) and Ludwig's successor, his brother Hermann I , the castle was destroyed, but rebuilt soon after 1195 .

The castle was the nucleus of today's city of Grünberg, which was elevated to a city as early as 1222 . The castle became part of the urban area and a city wall surrounded the town and castle, which stood on a basalt knoll east of the old town.

In September 1263, the castle and town are mentioned when the first Hessian Landgrave Heinrich I (Hesse) and his mother Sophie von Brabant wanted to secure the newly established Landgraviate from the west by transferring Grünberg and Frankenberg to the Archdiocese of Mainz and receiving them back as a fief . The fiefdom was officially confirmed in 1310 between Otto I and Peter von Aspelt from Mainz and in 1347 between Landgrave Heinrich II and the Archbishop of Mainz Gerlach von Nassau . This fiefdom relationship has been accompanied by disputes over the years, with acts of war over certain rights around Grünberg as early as 1272, which led to the first proclamation of the Hessian Landsturm after the invasion of the Busecker Tal by a Mainz army in 1283 . Heinrich asserted himself against the strong influence of the Archbishops of Mainz in his sphere of influence. Although he was outlawed by Mainz in 1274, he prevailed against his rivals in 1283 at the latest when he defeated an army of Archbishop Werner von Eppstein near Fritzlar and thus ended the further use of archbishop's broadcasting courts in landgrave cities.

At the time of the Sternerbund , Grünberg is counted among the places that owned a castle. The castle was mentioned in 1386 when the Hessian landgrave was staying in Grünberg. In 1399 Johann von Rodenstein and Lißberg , owners of Lißberg Castle , was named as Burgmann in Grünberg. It was not until 1600 that other Burgmanns were listed.

In the 14th century the castle lost its ability to defend against the city, which was armed with a mighty wall and watchtowers, and fell into disrepair by the 16th century at the latest.

Around 1533 a new three-storey half - timbered building was built as a castle house, and around 1558 it was renovated or rebuilt, as demonstrated by a year above the entrance. The building, the seat of the landgrave's administration, later served officials as an apartment and, together with numerous outbuildings, was privatized to Grünberger citizens in 1810. It was still there around 1845. The last owners had the castle house demolished in 1969. Along the valley path below the former castle you can still see the remains of the old city ​​wall in several places .

No remains of the former castle complex have survived.

investment

The relatively large castle complex, as can be seen from the drawings of the castle grounds from 1801, was laid out like a semicircle , with the straight, approximately 180-meter-long eastern castle wall , later the city wall, running southwest-northeast. The semicircle roughly corresponded to the course of today's Burggraben road pointing north-west. The greatest width was at least 50 meters. Today's Burggraben Weg was a moat separating the village. In addition to the palace , which was leaned against the eastern castle wall in the southwest of the complex, the castle had seven other buildings, including the brewery south of the town church, the former St. Mary's Church, built in 1441 and redesigned in the 18th century. The remaining buildings stood in the northern part of the castle complex, lined up in a horseshoe shape, with the open side facing south towards the hall. Today there are three terrace houses in the castle area, the space between the southern and middle terrace houses roughly corresponds to the location of the former castle house.

literature

  • Sven Weigel: Castles and palaces in the Gießen district. Verlag Emil Winter, Heuchelheim 2000, ISBN 3-926923-28-8 .
  • Ludwig Baur (Hrsg.): Archive for Hessian history and antiquity. 1. Supplement band. Carl Glaser: History of the City of Grünberg. Darmstadt 1846
  • Heinrich Wagner: Art monuments in the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Upper Hesse: District of Büdingen. Verlag A. Bergstræsser, Darmstadt 1890, p. 113 ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c City tour on the city's website www.gruenberg.de
  2. ^ Carl Glaser: History of the City of Grünberg. P. 16 ff.
  3. ^ A b Carl Glaser: History of the City of Grünberg. P. 39 ff.
  4. a b Grünberg, District of Giessen. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of October 10, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on November 12, 2012 .
  5. ^ In Grünberg - settlement development from the Middle Ages to 1839/43. Hessian city atlas. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS)., Reference is made to 1553 as the date of construction.
  6. Entry on Grünberg Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen".