Karl Diener

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Karl Diener (contemporary Carl , born December 11, 1862 in Vienna ; † January 6, 1928 there ) was an Austrian geologist, paleontologist and alpinist.

Karl Diener
(Photo by Isidor Harkányi , 1922)

Life

Karl Diener was the eldest son of the sheet metal manufacturer Carl Diener, who came to Vienna from Stuttgart, and his wife Marie, née Wechtl. His siblings were Paul Hugo Diener (1865–1934), who made a career as a businessman, and Bertha Diener (1874–1948), who achieved social and artistic importance as Bertha Eckstein-Diener under the pseudonym Sir Galahad . The family lived in Diery-Schlössl (which was demolished in 1964), Vienna-Landstrasse , Marxergasse 24 (today: ON 30), which is also the headquarters of C. Diener & Comp. was. At the end of the 1890s, Karl, already a university professor, moved his residence from Marxergasse 24 to Bartensteingasse 3 , Vienna-Innere Stadt .

Diener studied geology and paleontology at the University of Vienna , where he 1883 sub auspiciis Imperatoris to Dr. phil. received his doctorate. From 1885 he made numerous research trips to Europe and Asia, but also to America ( Rocky Mountains 1891). In 1892 he traveled to the Central Himalayas on behalf of the Academy of Sciences. Later trips took him to Spitzbergen , the Urals , the Caucasus , Siberia , Hawaii and Canada .

Diener qualified for geography in 1886 and geology in 1893. In 1903 he became associate professor and in 1906 full professor of paleontology at the University of Vienna. There he was dean in 1919/20 and rector in 1922/23 . In 1909 Diener became a corresponding and in 1913 a full member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences . He was also a member of numerous other domestic and foreign scientific associations, including the Leningrad Academy of Sciences .

Introduced to the Pre-Alps by his father at the age of seven , Karl Diener was also known as a mountaineer. As a member of the Austrian Alpine Club , he completed numerous driverless tours with the brothers Otto and Emil Zsigmondy , Ludwig Purtscheller , Louis Philipp Friedmann , August Böhm von Böhmersheim and Hermann Eißler (1860–1953) and was its president from 1887 to 1903.

After his death, Diener's body was cremated in the crematorium and buried in the Matzleinsdorf Evangelical Cemetery. In 1932 the Karl-Diener-Gasse in Vienna- Favoriten was named after him.

Edward Timothy Tozer named the servantium after him (across Servant Creek on Ellesmere Island ).

meaning

Karl Diener was considered an outstanding expert in the field of geology and paleontology. His main area of ​​work was the exploration of the Alps from a stratigraphic , faunistic and geological point of view. Together with Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen (1841–1900), in 1895 he proposed the now internationally defined chronostratigraphic level of the anisium . With Edmund Mojsisovics von Mojsvár and Waagen he developed a biostratigraphy of the marine Triassic, based on ammonites as key fossils. Scales and servants dedicated themselves particularly to the lower Triassic. His division of the western Alps into geologically sound mountain groups, an extension of the system by August von Böhm  (1887/1891), was long considered the standard structure.

Diener was ideologically close to the theosophists . As rector of the University of Vienna, he supported German national demands by students for a numerus clausus of 10 percent for Jewish students and teachers. Already in his inaugural address he stated that "the Rector and Senate will always strive and be able to maintain the German character and the scientific level of our alma mater with all legally permissible means at their disposal". and wrote in the Reichspost that "the real cancer damage to our academic conditions lies in the downright terrifying invasion of elements alien to race and nature", "whose culture, education and morals are far below that of the down-to-earth German student body". During his tenure, the (from 1990) artistically and scientifically controversial Siegfriedskopf by the sculptor Josef Müllner (1879–1968) was installed in the auditorium of the university .

Fonts

  • (Dissertation :) The Zemmthal and its border. A monographic study . Self-published by the author, Vienna 1882 UBW .
  • The structure of the Jordan spring area . Vienna s. a. [1885], UBW .
  • Lebanon. Baseline of the physical geography and geology of central Syria . Hölder, Vienna 1886 - full text online .
  • Anthracolithic fossils of Kashmir and Spiti. In: Palaeont. Indica Ser. 15, 1, pt. 2, 1899, pp. 1-95
  • The mountain building of the western Alps. Tempsky / Freytag, Vienna / Prague / Leipzig 1891 - full text online .
  • with WH Waagen, Edmund Mojsisovics von Mojsvár : Draft of a structure of the pelagic sediments of the Triassic system , meeting reports of the Academy of Sciences Vienna, Math.-Naturwiss. Class, Volume 104, 1895, pp. 1279-1302
  • Results of a geological expedition in the Central Himalayas from Johár, Hundes, and Painkhánda. With a geological map, seven tables and 16 text figures. Vienna 1895 - full text online .
  • The triadic cephalopod fauna of the Schiechling-Höhe near Hallstatt. In: Contributions to the geology and palaeontology of Austria-Hungary and the Orient, Volume 13, Verlag Wilhelm Braumüller, Vienna and Leipzig 1900, pp. 1–42, plates I – III
  • In memory of Albrechts von Krafft. Yearbook of the Imperial and Royal Geological Institute, LI. Volume (1901), Issue 2/1901, ZDB -ID 217948-9 , Verlag der kk Geologische Reichsanstalt, Vienna 1902, pp. 149–158 full text online .
  • Reports about some cephalopod suites from the Triassic of the Southern Alps. In: New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geology and Palaeontology. Edited by Max Bauer , Ernst Koken , Theodor Liebisch . Born in 1901, Volume 2. Nägele, Stuttgart 1901, pp. 23 - 36, Table I ZDB -ID 123937-5 - full text online .
  • Construction and image of Austria . Tempsky (among others), Vienna 1903
  • -, Gustav von Arthaber : Excursion in the Dolomites of South Tyrol. (Seiser Alpe, Schlern, Ampezzaner Dolomites) . Vienna 1903
  • Nomadic thrust masses in the Eastern Alps . In: Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie. Edited by Max Bauer, Ernst Koken, Theodor Liebisch. Born in 1904, Nägele, Stuttgart 1904, pp. 161–181 ISSN  0372-9338 - full text online .
  • Paleontology and descent. Göschen, Leipzig 1910
  • Way of life and distribution of the ammonites. In: New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geology and Paleontology, year 1912, Volume II, Stuttgart 1912, pp. 67–89.
  • Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia. Cephalopoda triadica. W. Junk, Berlin 1915
  • Investigations into the length of the living chamber as the basis of a natural system of ammonites. In: Meeting reports of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna. Mathematical and natural science class, Dept. I, Vol. 125, Issue 5–6, Vienna 1916, pp. 253–309.
  • The Upper Triadic ammonite fauna of the New Siberian island of Kotelny. In: Meeting reports of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna, Mathematical and Scientific Class, Dept. I, Vol. 125, Issue 7–8, Vienna 1916, pp. 439–463, 1 plate
  • Supplements to the dibranch fauna of the Hallstatt limestone. In: Yearbook of the Imperial and Royal Geological Reichsanstalt, Volume LXVIII 1918, Issue 3–4, Verlag der kk Geologische Reichsanstalt, in Commission at R. Lechner (W. Müller), Vienna 1919, pp. 475–492, Plate XIX
  • Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia. Lamellibranchiata Triadica. W. Junk, Berlin 1923
  • Vienna, its soil and its history. Lectures (etc.) . Vienna 1924
  • Basic features of biostratigraphy . Deuticke, Vienna 1925
  • The fossil deposits in the Hallstatt Limestone of the Salzkammergut . Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna 1926.
  • Of mountains, sunny and foggy lands. Experiences in European and non-European high mountains . Bergverlag Rother, Munich 1929

Remarks

  1. ↑ The university's introduction of an anti-Semitic access restriction for foreign applicants was officially approved for the first time on February 21, 1923 by the faculty of the Vienna University of Technology under its prorector Max Ferstel (1859-1936) and announced on the university's notice board on the 5th of the following month . - See: Restriction for foreigners at the Wiener Technik. Resolutions of the college of professors. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Abendblatt, No. 21008/1923, March 6, 1923, p. 1, bottom center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfpand
    The Numerus Clausus for foreign Jews in technology. Statements by the Rector Professor Ferstel. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Abendblatt, No. 21008/1923, March 6, 1923, p. 3, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfpas well as
    Austria under the swastika. The numerus clausus at Wiener Technik ( memento of the original from March 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive )     Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Wiener Morgenzeitung . No. 1459/1923 (5th year), March 6, 1923, p. 1 f. Diener's previous public support for a percentage restriction of Jewish listeners wanted to refer to the examples of Poland and Romania, where the introduction of the numerus clausus was omitted. - See: The numerus clausus fallen in Romania ( memento of the original from March 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Wiener Morgenzeitung . No. 1456/1923 (5th year), March 3, 1923, p. 1, as well as Numerus clausus . (English). In: jewishvirtuallibrary.org . From: Encyclopaedia Judaica , accessed May 29, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.compactmemory.de
     @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.compactmemory.de
  2. ↑ During his rectorate, Diener repeatedly spoke out against the " levantization of the university", thus remaining much more cautious in tone and choice of words than, for example, the Austrian Social Democrats , who undisguised their aversion to the characters of the "East Jewish wave" that have become commonplace in the cityscape of Vienna. expressed. - See: Alois Kieslinger :  University Professor Dr. C. Servant †. In:  Reichspost , No. 8/1928 (XXXV. Year), January 8, 1928, p. 8, center left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / rptas well as
    numerus clausus and technical emergency aid. In:  Arbeiter-Zeitung , Morgenblatt, No. 64/1923 (XXXV. Year), March 7, 1923, p. 1, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / aze.

literature

Web links

Commons : Karl Diener  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Karl Diener  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Elisabeth Auer: Bertha Eckstein-Diener becomes Sir Galahad . In: -: Mothers, Fathers and Amazons. Elin Wägner's way to “Väckarklocka” via Austria and Switzerland . Småskrifter fra CØNK, Volume 23, ZDB -ID 2088989-6 . CØNK, Roskilde 2009, p. 18 f. - Full text online (PDF; 1.7 MB), accessed on May 27, 2013.
  2. ↑ Adolph Lehmann : Lehmann's General Housing Anzeiger . 41st year (1899), volume 2.Holder, Vienna 1899, p. 173. - Online .
  3. ^ A b G (eorg) Geyer : Personalnachrichten. Professor Dr. Karl Diener † . In: Hanns Barth (Red.): Messages from the German and Austrian Alpine Club . Volume 54 (1928), issue 4/1928, April 30, 1928. Munich 1928, p. 69 f. (Online at ALO ).
  4. ^ Klaus Taschwer : University of Vienna: stronghold of anti-Semitism. der standard.at, June 12, 2012, accessed on March 23, 2014
  5. ↑ Artistically designed, scientifically processed: "Siegfriedskopf" in the Arkadenhof ( memento of the original from June 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: univie.ac.at , July 13, 2006, accessed on May 27, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.univie.ac.at
personal data
SURNAME Servant, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Servant, Carl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian geologist, paleontologist and alpinist
DATE OF BIRTH December 11, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1928
Place of death Vienna