Christoph Probst

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The graves of Christoph Probst (right) and Sophie and Hans Scholl in the Perlacher Forst cemetery in Munich

Christoph Hermann Ananda Probst (born November 6, 1919 in Murnau am Staffelsee ; †  February 22, 1943 in Munich - Stadelheim ) was a German medical student and member of the White Rose resistance group against National Socialism .

Life

Christoph "Christl" Probst was the son of a relatively wealthy family. Through his father, the doctoral chemist Hermann Probst (1886-1936), he learned cultural and religious freedom to know and appreciate. Hermann Probst was a private scholar and Sanskrit researcher , dealt with Indian philosophy and cultivated contacts with artists who were considered "degenerate" under National Socialism . After the divorce from his first wife, Christoph Probst's mother Katharina, geb. from the bank, he married the Jew Elise Jaffée, b. Rosenthal, the aunt of the historian Joseph Rovan .

Probst attended the New Gymnasium in Nuremberg from 1930 to 1932 (his mother had temporarily moved to Middle Franconia due to her second marriage ) and from 1932 the Marquartstein boarding school , which, like the Schondorf Landerziehungsheim , kept distance from the ideas of National Socialism. Christoph's sister Angelika Probst remembered that her brother strongly criticized the inhuman ideas of National Socialism from an early age. In 1935 he attended the New Realgymnasium in Munich together with Alexander Schmorell . After his father's suicide in May 1936, Probst moved to the Landheim Schondorf , where he made friends with the teacher Bernhard Knoop , who would later become his brother-in-law, and in 1937, at the age of only 17, passed his Abitur . After his work and military service in the Air Force in Oberschleißheim , he began studying medicine at the universities of Munich , Strasbourg and Innsbruck in the summer of 1939 . In the Second World War he did military service on the Eastern Front. At the age of 21 he married Herta Dohrn (1914–2016), the stepdaughter of the regime critic Harald Dohrn .

Probst, who had met the Scholl siblings while studying medicine in Munich, did not join the White Rose until January 1943 , as he did not belong to the same student company as Alexander Schmorell, Hans Scholl and Willi Graf , and stayed in the background with the activities because he showed consideration for his family. Despite influencing the texts, he himself did not write any of the leaflets distributed by the White Rose, just a draft for the seventh leaflet that Hans Scholl carried with him when he was with his sister Sophie on February 18, 1943 at the University of Munich distributed the remaining copies of the sixth leaflet. When the Scholl siblings were arrested, the Gestapo thus had evidence against Probst. During the interrogation and trial at the People's Court, he asked for mercy over his three children, aged three, two years and four weeks, and his wife, who had puerperal fever . The Scholl siblings had also tried unsuccessfully to protect Probst and to take as much guilt as possible in order to save him from being sentenced to death. Shortly before his execution , Probst was baptized by the Catholic prison chaplain .

On February 22, 1943, Christoph Probst was guillotined . On the same day, a committee of three from the Rectorate of the University of Innsbruck (then the German Alpine University ) had "permanently excluded him from studying at all German universities". On February 21, 2019, he was rehabilitated and his de-registration was symbolically reversed as part of a joint memorial service held by the Medical University of Innsbruck and the Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck .

His grave is in the Perlacher Forest cemetery adjacent to the place of execution (grave no. 73-1-18 / 19).

Probst was married and the father of three children: Michael (1940–2011), Vincent (* 1941) and Katja (1943–1959).

Remembrance and commemoration

schools

Compared to almost 200 Geschwister-Scholl schools in Germany, there are only three schools that are named after Christoph Probst:

barracks

Monuments

  • In Murnau am Staffelsee there is a memorial plaque on the Christoph-Probst-Haus, Kohlgruber Straße 20. Also in Murnau there has been a memorial column for Probst at the Staffelsee-Gymnasium since 1993.
  • There is a memorial plaque next to the main entrance at the Marquartstein State School Home . It recalls the years 1933–1935, when Probst was a high school student there.
  • In Innsbruck , a memorial plaque in front of the university building has been commemorating Probst's student days there in 1942/1943 since 1984. From 1994 the square in front of the University was named Christoph-Probst-Platz.

Street names

In the following places a street or a path was named after Christoph Probst:

Weisse Rose Institute e. V.

  • Christoph Probst's widow Herta Siebler-Probst (née Dohrn), the son Michael Probst, Marie-Luise Schultze-Jahn , Hubert Furtwängler, Alexander Schmorell's half-siblings Erich Schmorell and Natascha Lange-Schmorell and Wolfgang Huber founded the Weisse Rose Institute in Munich in 2003 , which is intended to examine and appreciate the biographies and history of the White Rose even more thoroughly.

Martyrology

literature

  • Robert Volkmann, Gernot Eschrich and Peter Schubert: ... so that Germany can continue to live. Christoph Probst 1919–1943. (Christoph-Probst-Gymnasium) Gilching 2000, ISBN 3-00-007034-6 .
  • Michael Probst:  Probst, Christoph Ananda. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 733 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Christiane Moll (Eds.): Alexander Schmorell, Christoph Probst. Collected letters. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-065-8 .
  • Jakob Knab : The inner perfection of the person. Christoph Probst. In: Detlef Bald , Jakob Knab (ed.): The stronger ones in the spirit. On the Christian resistance of the White Rose. Essen 2012.
  • Jakob Knab : The inner perfection of the person. Christoph Probst. In: Detlef Bald , Jakob Knab (ed.): The stronger ones in the spirit. On the Christian resistance of the White Rose. Essen 2012.
  • Thomas Mertz: Christoph Probst - A student of the White Rose . Paulinus-Verlag, Trier 2020, ISBN 978-3-7902-1741-4 .

Movies

Web links

Wikiquote: Christoph Probst  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christoph Probst ( Memento from November 29, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) p. 3 below.
  2. ↑ Ulli Stang (Ed.): Sophie and Hans Scholl: February 22nd, 1943 murdered by Nazis. Edited by DKP Marburg, district group North Am Grün 9, Marburg 1983, p. 3.
  3. ↑ Christoph Probst biography
  4. ↑ University of Innsbruck is working on Nazi history and rehabilitating Christoph Probst - derStandard.at. Retrieved February 22, 2019 (Austrian German).
  5. ↑ Event calendar of the University of Innsbruck: Memorial hour of the two universities. Retrieved February 22, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Garching barracks is named after resistance fighter on br.de
personal data
SURNAME Probst, Christoph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Probst, Christoph Hermann Ananda (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German resistance fighter, member of the White Rose
DATE OF BIRTH November 6, 1919
PLACE OF BIRTH Murnau am Staffelsee
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1943
Place of death Munich - Stadelheim