The dramatic Quodlibets by Johann Nestroy

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Johann Nestroy 1834; by Franz Schrotzberg (1811–1889)

The dramatic quodlibets by Johann Nestroy is an expression coined by the theater historian Otto Rommel for Nestroy's quodlibets in the area of ​​the old Viennese folk comedy in the period from 1830 to 1843. It was first used in 1927 for his eponymous section in Fritz Brukner / Otto Rommel: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works , Volume 9, used. In 1993 Jürgen Hein and W. Edgar Yates adopted this designation in their historical-critical edition of Nestroys.

General

The Quodlibet

According to Rommel, these quodlibets are "indicative of the relationship between actor and play in the great time of the pre-March folk theater" (quote). The actor was seen not only as a reciter of the poet's words, but as a performing artist, who was provided by the author with just a "pad" for his play. It was therefore a matter of course that these actors and their viewers felt the need to be able to play performances of individual or an ensemble that had become popular from time to time and to be able to see what was particularly popular for charity performances. Of course, this required the audience to have a good knowledge of the original pieces, which meant that the Quodlibets hardly had a longer duration, as a rule there were up to a maximum of seven performances.

Nestroy tellingly named two of his quodlibets in the subtitle:

"The scene ragout in the theatrical preserving sauce or the musical-dramatic Tandelmarkt." (Theater ticket for the magical express car journey through the comedy world )
"Scene and person confusion from older and newer plays." (Theater bill for the Quodlibet of different centuries )

All of these quodlibets were occasional or commissioned works, the text of which was composed of existing and frequently played scenes with well-known characters. From tragedy to folk plays to farce - with or without parodic adaptation - every stage genre was represented. The effect of quodlibets described by the playwright and actor Franz Carl Weidmann (1787-1867) on 29 May 1832 in the Wiener Theater Zeitung of Adolf Bäuerle (No. 107, p.427).:

“[…] And that's how it holds up today. The whole thing is again very rough, but that's now the order of the day on this stage [meaning the Theater an der Wien ]. "

Nevertheless, the financial success was always limited because of the short running time, which resulted from the fact that Quodlibets, according to a contemporary statement, "[...] never reach the effect of the original works." The other reason for this was the aforementioned requirement, the audience must have the originals fresh in mind to find the compilation interesting and entertaining.

The collector summarized in sharp words on June 28, 1832 (No. 77, p. 307 f.):

“These products of nothingness and stupidity came and went, leaving only regret for the time that had been spent looking at them. [...] These products emerge without any claim, and therefore none of them should be placed on them, as at most a good selection of the comic scenes. "

Foreplay

The typical function of the prelude used by Quodlibets is given on the playbill for Carl Carl Nestroy’s adaptation of The Combined Comedy : "Comical Quodlibet with singing [...] along with a prelude to justify the title."

The authors of the foreplay can often no longer be precisely identified, as is the case with the Quodlibets. Most literary historians attribute only four self-written auditions to Nestroy with some certainty: Conscience Anxiety, Vengeance, Forgiveness and Quodlibet (for magical express car journey through the world of comedies , 1830), Der Theaterdiener, the benefit performance and Quodlibet (for humorous express car journey through the theater world , 1832 ), The ride with the steam car (for changing Quodlibets, 1834), The dramatic carpenter (for The Quodlibet of different centuries , 1843). According to Rommel, the two first-mentioned preludes are clearly worked according to the same scheme. In his opinion, the ride in the steam car is the most qualitative of all.

Directory of Nestroy's Quodlibets

The incoherent context (1830)

From October 14, 1824 to July 18, 1830, Johann Nestroy worked in Pressburg without interruption. The first performance of this Quodlibet was there on January 28th, 1830. According to the information in his handwritten list of all given roles and in the parts list , the piece experienced seven performances. He cited this work as his own both in the abovementioned directory and in J. Nestroy's own handwritten repertoire .

The text is lost, according to the list of roles in the repertoire , he played a total of seven roles, from Karl Moor ( Die Räuber by Friedrich Schiller ) to his self-written card carrier Papp to Genius Winziwinzi ( The Siege of Ypsilon by Joachim Perinet ).

A quodlibet of the same name, which however had been put together by director Carl Carl , was performed on July 23, 1829 in the Theater an der Wien and on September 5 in the Theater in der Josefstadt . According to Rommel, these were two independently created works, Mautner , however, suspects that Nestroy's piece was influenced by Carls Quodlibet - however, according to Hein / Yates, as far as can still be determined, there are very different roles lists, so that this is seen as unlikely. Nestroy's statements in the repertoire also contradict this theory.

Rommel points out that this Quodlibet and the following Quodlibet show that Nestroy changed from opera singer, with which he began his stage career, and from dramatic actor to comedian, as he almost exclusively wrote comic brilliant roles for himself.

Magical express car journey through the world of comedies [...] together with a prelude associated with it, under the title Conscience Anxiety, Vengeance, Forgiveness and Quodlibet (1830)

→ Main article Magical express car journey through the comedy world

Two bowl full of carnival donuts (1831)

This Quodlibet was also described by Nestroy as a separate work; the text is also lost. There was only one performance, on February 12, 1831, as a benefit evening for the poet in Pressburg. The personal entry is in the named parts list :

" The 12 th  [February] [1] 831 Zwey bowl full Faschingskrapfen Quodlibet Nestroy. 2. [Denisch} Bfc. "

Humorous express car journey through the world of theater [...] together with an accompanying prelude, under the title Der Theaterdiener, the benefit performance and the Quodlibet (1832)

→ Main article Humorous express car journey through the theater world

The ride in the steam car (1834) / The comedy that was put together (1840)

The Quodlibet of Different Centuries and Prelude The Dramatic Carpenter (1843)

literature

  • Helmut Ahrens : I'm not auctioning myself off to the laurel. Johann Nestroy, his life. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-7973-0389-0 .
  • Fritz Brukner / Otto Rommel: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works. Historical-critical complete edition in fifteen volumes, ninth volume, Verlag von Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 1927, pp. 436–500.
  • Jürgen Hein: Johann Nestroy. Pieces 19 . In: Jürgen Hein, Johann Hüttner : Johann Nestroy, Complete Works, Historical-Critical Edition. Youth and People, Vienna / Munich 1988, ISBN 3-224-16901-X .
  • Jürgen Hein / W. Edgar Yates: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 2 . In: Jürgen Hein / Johann Hüttner / Walter Obermaier / W. Edgar Yates: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works, Historical-Critical Edition. Jugend und Volk, Vienna / Munich 1993, ISBN 3-216-30343-8 ; Pp. 453-512.
  • Otto Rommel: Nestroy's works , selection in two parts, Golden Classics Library, German publishing house Bong & Co., Berlin / Leipzig / Vienna / Stuttgart 1908.
  • Friedrich Walla (Ed.): Johann Nestroy; Pieces 8 / I. In: Jürgen Hein / Johann Hüttner / Walter Obermaier / W. Edgar Yates: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works, Historical-Critical Edition. Deuticke, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-216-30256-3 ; Pp. 93-110, 331-370.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Brukner / Rommel: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works. Pp. 482-483.
  2. ^ Brukner / Rommel: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works. P. 436.
  3. ↑ Facsimile of the theater slip in Jürgen Hein: Johann Nestroy. Pieces 19, p. 274.
  4. ↑ a b Hein / Yates: Johann Nestroy. Pieces 2, p. 453.
  5. ↑ Der Adler, May 15, 1843, No. 112, p. 472.
  6. ^ Hein / Yates: Johann Nestroy. Pieces 2, p. 507.
  7. ^ Brukner / Rommel: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works. P. 484.
  8. ^ Johann Nestroy: Directory of all given roles , today in the Vienna library in the town hall , call number IN 135.824; Parts list , Vienna library in the town hall, signature IN 135.823.
  9. ^ Johann Nestroy: Repertoire by J. Nestroy , today in the Vienna Library in the City Hall, call number IN 135.822.
  10. ^ Brukner / Rommel: Johann Nestroy, Complete Works. Volume 15, p. 400.
  11. ^ Franz H. Mautner: Nestroy. Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch 465, Heidelberg 1974, p. 141.
  12. ^ Otto Rommel: Nestroys works . S. XVIII.