Freedom in Krähwinkel

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Data
Title: Freedom in Krähwinkel
Genus: Faros with singing in two sections
Original language: German
Author: Johann Nestroy
Literary source: “The false prima donna” by Adolf Bäuerle ,
“ Die deutscher Kleinstädter ” by August von Kotzebue
Music: Michael Hebenstreit (with the exception of the national melodies)
Publishing year: 1848
Premiere: July 1, 1848
Place of premiere: Carl Theater , Vienna
Place and time of the action: The action takes place in the small town of Krähwinkel in 1848
people
  • Mayor and Senior Elder of Krähwinkel
  • Sperling Edler von Spatz
  • Rummelpuff , commandant of the Krähwinkler city soldiers
  • Pfiffspitz , editor of the Krähwinkler newspaper
  • Eberhard Ultra , his employee
  • Reakzerl Edler von Zopfen , secret city secretary
  • Mrs. von Frankenfrey , a rich widow
  • Sigmund Siegl, Willibald Wachs , subordinate officials
  • Mrs. Klöpfl , widow
  • Franz , waiter
  • Klaus , council servant
  • Emerenzia , his wife
  • Cecilie , his daughter
  • The night watchman
  • Walpurga , his daughter
  • Pemperl , master plumber, council member
  • Cockroach , master furrier, councilor
  • Mrs. Pemperl
  • Mrs. Schabenfellner
  • Babett , Pemperl's daughter
  • Frau von Schnabelbeiss , Privy Councilor
  • Adele , her daughter
  • Eduard , servant of Frau von Frankenfrey
  • Inhabitants of Krähwinkel, Ligorians, a councilor, guards

Freedom in Krähwinkel is a farce with singing in two sections (I. section: The Revolution, in 2 acts; II. Section: The reaction, in 1 act) by Johann Nestroy . The play was written in 1848, the year of the revolution of 1848/49, and was premiered on July 1, 1848 as a “benefit performance” for Nestroy at the Carl Theater in Vienna .

content

The citizens of Krähwinkel are enthusiastic, the "dignitaries" appalled by the news of the revolution in Vienna. The editors complain about censorship, so Ultra is supposed to be immobilized by an official post as censor, which he resolutely rejects.

“ A censor is a pencil made man or a pencil made man; a line made flesh over the products of the spirit, a crocodile that lies on the banks of the stream of ideas, and bites off the heads of the poets swimming in it. "
Ultra (Nestroy) as the Russian envoy, Klaus (Scholz; far right)
Ultra as Metternich, the mayor and Klaus

The citizens plan the uprising, but for the time being there is only a cat music that makes the mayor dream badly.

Now Ultra disguises himself as a Ligorian ( “The Pater Prior sends me […]” ), a Russian envoy ( “Prince Knutikof Sibiritschevski, Tyrannski Absolutski.” ) And a European Commissioner for Frey and Equality ( “I proclaim for Krähwinkel speech, press and other freedom [...] " ), finally even as an Excellency who had fled from Vienna - an allusion to Metternich : " When you come to London, visit me. Every really servile-legitimate stock absolute pays me a visit there. ” All these disguises have the purpose of exposing the reactionary machinations and the tricks of the mayor about the hand and assets of Frau von Frankenfrey. The town soldiers of Rummelpuff can put down the first riot, but when the wives and daughters of the Krähwinkler disguise themselves as students, all reactionaries flee. Ultra draws the line:

As it was on a large scale, we have seen it on a small scale, the reaction is a ghost, but ghosts are known to exist only for the fearful, so don't be afraid of them, then there will be no reaction at all.

Factory history

Since Nestroy had mocked the elections for the Frankfurt National Assembly on May 21, 1848 in his farce " Die liebe Anverwandten " by a couplet , the Viennese audience vehemently demanded an apology. “Freedom in Krähwinkel” was the rehabilitation that had become necessary for him as well as for the Carl Theater and its director Carl Carl .

There is no template for Nestroy's work in the narrower sense, but the poet has borrowed characters and motifs from Adolf Bäuerle's “The False Primadonna” (1818) and from August von Kotzebue's drama “ The German Small Towns ” (1801). Kotzebue's work is based on the French comedy "La petite Ville" (1801) by Louis-Benoît Picard . In the work Bauerles Nestroy had the main character, the actor Funny - in April 1847 as a guest - from which he the editor Ultra developed for his play theater in Leopoldstadt and in the same year during a tour in Berlin , Hamburg and Frankfurt played .

In this play Nestroy described his approval of the revolution as well as his skepticism about its protagonists, supporters and opponents. In this farce he drew satirically in the city commandant Rummelpuff, the editor Pfiffspitz and the council servant Klaus, which were already present in the previous works mentioned. The combination of a small German town as a place of action, whose citizens speak Viennese and which in the couplets (at that time) sing about contemporary and time-spanning Viennese problems, was created especially through the takeover of the motif from Kotzebue's piece .

Some important events of the Viennese Revolution that took place before the end of June are addressed directly: For example, Ultra's speech to the Krähwinkler is a satirical of Adolf Fischhof's speech in the courtyard of the Lower Austrian country house , the proclamation of the constitutional patent by the mounted Friedrich Kaiser in Ultra's appearance as a “European Commissioner of Frey and Equality”, street riots, especially the cat music performed for the mayor, as well as the expulsion of the Ligorians had their counterpart in reality. In the mayor's dream, the outbreak of the revolution on March 13th and the storm petition on May 15th, as well as the anticipated suppression of the uprising, are described. This third dream sequence - with the Russian military helping the reaction - was left out from the second performance due to public protests. The important role played by the students (who are women and girls in disguise at Nestroy, since there is no university in Krähwinkel) corresponds to their commitment in the National Guard and the defensive battles against Prince Alfred I. zu Windisch-Graetz .

The largely unknown theater writer Joseph Carl Böhm accused Nestroy in a long letter to the editor on July 11th of having shamelessly plagiarized his play "A Petition from the Citizens of a Small Provincial Town or Theologian, Jurist and Technician" . On July 12, the attacked responded to a publicly displayed poster and refused to object.

"[...] But if, Herr Böhm, the idea should ever occur to you again that a basic idea has been stolen from you, you have to banish this idea from the ground up, as a fundamentally wrong idea, for the reason that nobody has a reason to look for basic ideas or ideas at all from you. J. Nestroy "

At the premiere in 1848 in the Carl Theater, Johann Nestroy played the editor Ultra and Wenzel Scholz the councilman Klaus .

During the summer break in Vienna, Nestroy made a guest tour from August to September 1848 to Graz (August 3–7), Budapest (August 10–15), Brno (August 17–21), Prague (August 23–28) August), Leipzig (August 31 to September 4), Hamburg (September 7–9) and Linz (September 14–15).

The last performance took place on October 4th, after just three months. The Vienna October Uprising of 1848 , which began on October 6, brought the performance to an early end.

An original handwritten manuscript, a draft of the song by Nestroy, as well as the theater bill of the first performance on July 1, 1848 are kept in the theater collection of the Austrian National Library. The original score by Michael Hebenstreit is in the music collection of the Austrian National Library.

Contemporary reviews

The contemporary critics were very inconsistent, they wavered between praise and blame. Der Wanderer - published in the period from July 24th to October 26th, 1848 under the title Der Demokratie - wrote on July 3rd:

"This parodying farce was very pleasing, the first act is full of striking jokes and apt remarks, the second is less successful, and the third, [...] is no less amused."

On the other hand, there was a sharp criticism of Julius March in the Humorist on the same day:

"We also ask Mr. Nestroy: whether he could ever answer for having earned the applause of an otherwise tasteful audience through such mean jokes, through such vulgar allusions."

The Viennese journalist and satirist Moritz Gottlieb Saphir (1795-1858) condemned the work, also in the humorist , because Nestroy had made fun of "the ideals of freedom of the 1848 revolution, ie exposed the revolutionary struggle by relocating to the provinces. "

text

  • Jürgen Hein (Ed.): Johann Nestroy: Freedom in Krähwinkel. (= Reclams Universal Library UB 8330). Reclam, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-15-008330-3 .
  • Johann Nestroy: Freedom in Krähwinkel: farce with singing in two sections and 3 acts. Section 1: The Revolution; Section 2: The reaction. Publishing house and printing by JB Wallishausser, 1849.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Example: Brno National Garden March by Johann Strauss (son) , Opus 58
  2. ↑ Braid system: Name for the absolutist form of government of the Vormärz after the old-fashioned braid wig of higher classes
  3. ^ John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. Pp. 26-27.
  4. ^ John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 32.
  5. ^ John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 43.
  6. ^ John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 52.
  7. ^ Metternich lived for some time after his escape from Vienna (March 13, 1848) in Eaton Square in the Belgravia district of London
  8. ^ John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 66.
  9. ^ John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 77.
  10. ↑ "Quite a few people voted 'no' for Frankfurt, | The except for the Frankfurterwürsteln from Frankfurt knows nothing [...] "
  11. ^ Meike Wagner: Theater and the public in the Vormärz. P. 359.
  12. ^ Franz H. Mautner (ed.): Johann Nestroys Komödien. Volume 5, p. 178.
  13. ^ Deletion in the theater manuscript, Austrian National Library , Theatersammlung, Cth F 33a
  14. ↑ compare the contemporary song from April / May 1848: "I was with the students - dedicated to the generous Viennese women" ; John RP McKenzie (Ed.): Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. Pp. 177-178
  15. ↑ Helmut Ahrens: I am not auctioning myself off to the laurel. Pp. 307-308.
  16. ^ Franz H. Mautner (ed.): Johann Nestroys Komödien. Volume 5, p. 130.
  17. ↑ Theater collection of the Austrian National Library, IN 39.417
  18. ↑ Song in III. Act, 22 ste Scene, Theater Collection of the Austrian National Library, IN 33.378
  19. ^ Facsimile printed in John RP McKenzie: Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 343.
  20. ↑ Music collection of the Austrian National Library, sm 14.998
  21. ^ John RP McKenzie (Ed.): Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 190.
  22. ^ John RP McKenzie (Ed.): Johann Nestroy; Pieces 26 / I. P. 195.
  23. ^ Burkhard Meyer-Sickendiek: Affektpoetik. P. 240.
  24. ↑ Freedom in Krähwinkel: farce with singing in two sections and 3 acts. Section 1: The Revolution; Section 2: The reaction. from books.google.ch, accessed on January 27, 2014.