Draßburg

Draßburg Rasporak
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Burgenland
Political District :	Mattersburg
License plate :	MA
Surface:	9.67 km²
Coordinates :	47 ° 45 '  N , 16 ° 29'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 44 '46 "  N , 16 ° 29' 17"  E
Height :	223  m above sea level A.
Residents :	1,227 (January 1, 2020)
Population density :	127 inhabitants per km²
Postal code :	7021
Community code :	1 06 01
Address of the municipal administration:	Eisenstädterstrasse 7 7021 Draßburg
Website:	www.drassburg.gv.at
politics
Mayor :	Christoph Haider ( SPÖ )
Municipal Council : ( 2017 ) (19 members)	14th 4th 1 14th 4th 1  A total of 19 seats SPÖ : 14 ÖVP : 4 FPÖ : 1
Location of Draßburg Rasporak in the Mattersburg district
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Draßburg ( Croatian : Rasporak , Hungarian : Darufalva ) is a municipality with 1227 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Mattersburg district in Burgenland in Austria .

There are numerous members of the Burgenland-Croat minority in the village .

geography

Draßburg is located in northern Burgenland and is the only place in the municipality.

history

Venus of Draßburg

In 1933 the Venus von Draßburg was found in Draßburg , a 9.5 cm large Neolithic vessel fragment, which was stylistically assigned to the linear ceramic culture. It is an indication of settlement activity in the 5th millennium of Christ. In the Iron Age , the area was part of the Celtic Kingdom of Noricum and belonged to the surroundings of the Celtic hill settlement Burg on the Schwarzenbacher Burgberg . Later under the Romans, today's Draßburg was then in the province of Pannonia .

On a terrace of the Taborac, the foothills of a range of hills west of Draßburg, which is up to 370 m above sea level. M. reached, in 1904, in addition to Neolithic , Roman and medieval finds, some from the Latène period were also discovered. The most important object was a bracelet from the Latène period with pseudo filigree decorations . Between 1933 and 1934, further objects from this period were discovered during excavations by the Burgenland State Museum . All objects found were sunk into the Neolithic soil layer. In 1955 further objects from the late Latène period were found. The traces of settlement on the Taborac are recorded for the period from the second half of the 1st century BC. Dated to the first half of the 1st century AD.

At the place of the Taborac there was a rampart fortification system in the early Middle Ages, which was destroyed in the 11th century. The name “Taborac” refers to the Hussites who named their war camps as “Tabor” in the 15th century. Recent sources show that Hussite mercenaries were present in Draßburg. The name Taborac is rightly used. The Hussites go back to the Czech reformer Jan Hus . He was burned as a heretic in 1415. He denied the Pope's infallibility, "criticized the wealth of the Church and only accepted the Bible as valid for questions of faith." The death sentence sparked protests and a freedom movement in Bohemia and beyond, which also spread to the Burgenland-western Hungary area. The Hussites were socially revolutionary, involved in numerous feuds and plundering, and one of the Hussite mercenary groups under the mercenary leader Georg (Jörg) von Lichtenberg and Vöttau used the Draßburg fortifications as a fortified camp, as a tabor. "Around 1465 the Draßburger Tabor was probably abandoned and evacuated by the Hussites." Draßburg partially deserted in the 15th century; the Croatians, who settled in the village in the 16th century, used the diminutive "Taborac" for Tabor, which has been adopted by the remaining German population and has been preserved to this day.

Croatian colonization

A late medieval agricultural crisis in the Burgenland-western Hungary area resulted in the partial or complete desertification of numerous localities. The Turkish campaigns of 1529 and 1532 reinforced this process. On the Balkan Peninsula, the advance of the Turks triggered a massive migration movement that could be felt in what is now Burgenland. The landlords in the Burgenland-West-Hungarian region had a great interest in repopulating their depopulated villages. From the beginning of the 16th century there was an organized immigration of Croatian farmers who had been driven from their homeland before the Turkish advances. This influx took place in waves, peaked around 1533 and lasted until the 1570s. In addition to farmers, the immigrants included a smaller number of petty aristocrats, craftsmen and priests.

Drassburg (top right), around 1880 (recording sheet of the state survey )

The place Draßburg consisted at this time of two manors, Untergut and Obergut. The population was German. Since viticulture was also practiced in the village, the extent of the desertification was not as great as in purely agricultural communities, which were more severely affected by the agricultural crisis. "The planned settlement of Croats in Draßburg took place mainly in the years 1533–1540 by the pledge holder of the County of Forchtenstein, Jakob von der Dürr, who also repopulated other completely or partially deserted villages in the county with Croats." List of names from the 1560s with German names and Croatian-named heads of household. Although new German settlers came to Draßburg during these years, the German-speaking population was Croatianized. In later sources the place is referred to as Croatian.

Since Draßburg was a parish of the neighboring village Baumgarten until 1851 and the Baumgartner parish was constantly occupied by Croatian priests, the language of worship for the Draßburg believers was also Croatian. This also had an impact on the school system and overall cultural development.

The industrialization of the early 19th century, especially the increasing cotton machine spinning mills in the vicinity of Wiener Neustadt, attracted workers from neighboring towns and offered work to members of the rural lower class. The expansion of the dairy industry and the establishment of the Meierhof in Draßburg resulted in the influx of workers. German and Hungarian speaking families settled in the village. For the time being, these new language contacts did not call into question the overall Croatian character. A linguistic split appeared before the First World War. In order to advance professionally, the migrant workers in industry and construction, originally small farmers, favored the German language and, politically, the Social Democratic Party. The rural population of the place held fast to the Catholic faith and the Croatian language.

Like all of Burgenland, the place belonged to Hungary (German-West Hungary) until 1920/21 . Since 1898 had due to the Magyarization of the government in Budapest of Hungarian name Darufalva be used. After the end of the First World War , after tough negotiations, German-West Hungary was awarded to Austria in the Treaties of St. Germain and Trianon in 1919. The place has belonged to the newly founded federal state of Burgenland since 1921 (see also the history of Burgenland ).

Local government

The end of the feudal period in 1848 and the annexation of today's Burgenland to Austria in 1921 resulted in changes in the administration of the communities. Until 1848 the so-called village court was responsible for the administration of a community. It consisted of a judge and usually four jurors who were chosen by election. The schoolmaster was also employed in the community. In addition to the school service, he also performed the function of a community clerk or community secretary. After 1848 Draßburg was assigned to the Mattersdorf chair district in the course of the division of Hungary into administrative or chair districts . The tasks of the community clerk were taken over from 1855 by the so-called district notariats, which were responsible for the administration of several localities. This meant a financial relief for the municipalities, who shared the cost of the notary's work, and a greater financial incentive for the notary's position. In Draßburg, Johann Schöberl started his service as a notary for the Draßburg notary district, consisting of Draßburg, Baumgarten and Zagersdorf, in April 1856. After the dissolution of these structures in 1860 and the district division in 1870/71, which should exist after the settlement from 1867 to 1921, Draßburg was still assigned to the Mattersdorf district. The new district secretariat included Draßburg, Antau and Stöttera, where the district secretariat was also located. A few years after the annexation of Burgenland to Austria, the municipalities of Draßburg and Baumgarten planned to set up a joint district secretariat based in Draßburg, which was decided after the financial participation of the two municipalities and the respective municipal council resolutions at the meeting of the state government on October 15, 1924 has been. The municipality of Draßburg provided the necessary infrastructure, Rudolf Haas, who was born in Wiener Neustadt, was "appointed administrative secretary of the Draßburg district secretariat on July 1, 1925 at the suggestion of the municipalities of Draßburg and Baumgarten." Haas was the chief bailiff. He joined the NSDAP in 1938 and was NSV local administrator in Draßburg from January 1939 to January 1940. After serving in the war and being a prisoner of war, in 1947 he tried to be reinstated as a senior bailiff in Draßburg, which was rejected by the community, which had meanwhile employed two community employees from the town. In 1948 he retired. This completed the founding phase of the Draßburg municipal administration.

Population development

Culture and sights

Parish Church Draßburg

Draßburg Castle

The Johannes Nepomuk Chapel, a listed building, characterizes the townscape

See also:  List of listed objects in Draßburg

• Parish church Draßburg : The church stands on a medieval defensive wall in the Obergut district.
• Draßburg Castle : It is located in the Untergut district. The associated historical baroque palace park with its extensive collection of sculptures by the sculptor Jakob Schletterer is significant in terms of art history and is one of the most important baroque historical parks in Austria. The park is laid out on several terraces and with glass houses. The castle itself, built in the 15th century, is two-story with a horseshoe-shaped floor plan, courtyard arcades and three-story tower-like structure, rebuilt several times in the 17th and 18th centuries. The palace complex was converted for hotel operation in the 1960s. In 2008 the owner of the castle changed. In 2009, the castle was completely renovated and revitalized in coordination with the Federal Monuments Office . The palace and park are to be restored to their original state. The castle will then be used for private purposes, but parts of the castle garden are to be made temporarily accessible to the public.

• Figure shrine St. Florian, Baumgartnerstrasse
• St. John Nepomuk Chapel
• Catholic parish church hl. Anna
• Defensive wall, churchyard
• Cemetery chapel
• Park with garden sculptures and glass houses, Schloßgasse
• Lady Chapel
• Atonement cross, Marian column and Antoni pillar, Wiener Neustädterstraße

politics

Municipal council

Municipal council elections

 %

80

70

60

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

71.51%
(-2.45  % p )

20.96%
(+ 2.34  % p )

7.53%
(+ 0.11  % p )

SPÖ

ÖVP

FPÖ

2012



2017



Municipal office Draßburg

The council comprises a total of 19 members on the basis of population.

Results of the municipal council elections since 1997

Political party	2017			2012			2007			2002			1997
	Sti.	%	M.	Sti.	%	M.	Sti.	%	M.	Sti.	%	M.	Sti.	%	M.
SPÖ	522	71.51	14th	568	73.96	15th	652	83.16	13	620	79.59	12	535	72.10	11
ÖVP	153	20.96	4th	143	18.62	3	132	16.84	2	159	20.41	3	207	27.90	4th
FPÖ	55	7.53	1	57	7.42	1	not running			not running			not running
Eligible voters	1052			1036			976			960			941
voter turnout	74.43%			80.50%			84.02%			86.56%			89.16%

mayor

Mayor is Christoph Haider (SPÖ). On November 18, 2016, he succeeded Rudolf Ivancsits (SPÖ). Ivancsits, for his part, only succeeded Christian Illedits (SPÖ, mayor since 1996) on June 28, 2012 . In the direct mayor election on October 1, 2017, Haider was confirmed in his office with 77.85% of the votes. His two competitors Martin Horvath (ÖVP) and Rene Tschögl (FPÖ) did not exceed 18.17% and 3.98% respectively. Vice-mayor is Renate Tomassovits, the community board also includes Martin Horvath and Roland Koller.

The official director is Ernst Wild.

Infrastructure

On the route from Deutschkreutz to Ebenfurth there is a stop of the so-called Raaber-Bahn in Draßburg .

coat of arms

The municipal coat of arms was awarded to Draßburg on September 12, 1998 by the Burgenland state government. Blazon : “ In the divided and half-split shield above, in blue on a green three-mountain, a golden cross; below right in blue a crowned golden griffin, in the upraised right a scimitar, in the outstretched left hand holding three green, green-leafed, golden-inseminated red roses, on the left in gold between ten-pointed blue deer antlers a broad-ended, free-floating, blue cross. "

literature

• Felix Tobler: Studies on the local history of Draßburg 1403-1848. Dissertation, University of Vienna 1975.
• Andrea Cejka: The Draßburg Castle Garden. In: Christian Hlavac, Astrid Göttche, Eva Berger (eds.): Historical gardens and parks in Austria. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-205-78795-2 , pp. 26–32.

Web links

Commons : Draßburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• 10601 - Draßburg. Community data, Statistics Austria .
• Article by the Federal Monuments Office (BDA) on the Draßburg Baroque Garden (November 2007)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Gertrud Mossler: Latène period living places on the Taborac near Draßburg. In: Burgenland homeland sheets . 20/2, Eisenstadt 1958, p. 49 ff, PDF on ZOBODAT
2. ^ Susanne Sievers / Otto Helmut Urban / Peter C. Ramsl: Lexicon for Celtic Archeology. L-Z ; Announcements of the prehistoric commission published by the Austrian Academy of Sciences , Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-7001-6765-5 , p. 1811.
3. ↑ Felix Tobler: The Draßburger Taborac - a Tabor of the Hussites . In: Erwin Kurz (Ed.): From the gate . No. 2 . Erwin Kurz, Schattendorf 2005, p. 32 .
4. ↑ Felix Tobler: The Draßburger Taborac - a Tabor of the Hussites . In: Erwin Kurz (Ed.): From the gate . No. 2 . Erwin Kurz, Schattendorf 2005, p. 33 .
5. ↑ Felix Tobler: The Draßburger Taborac - a Tabor of the Hussites . In: Erwin Kurz (Ed.): From the gate . No. 2 . Erwin Kurz, Schattendorf 2005, p. 32 f .
6. ^ Felix Tobler: The Croats in the Mattersburg district. Hrvati u matrstofskom kotaru. Ed .: Narodna visoka skola gradiscanskih hrvatov / Adult Education Center of Burgenland Croats. BENUA publishing house, Großpetersdorf 1994, ISBN 3-85287-001-1 , p. 52 .
7. ^ Felix Tobler: The Croats in the Mattersburg district. Hrvati u matrstofskom kotaru. Ed .: Narodna visoka skola gradiscanskih hrvatov / Adult Education Center of Burgenland Croats. BENUA publishing house, Großpetersdorf 1994, ISBN 3-85287-001-1 , p. 52 ff .
8. ^ Felix Tobler: The founding of the Draßburg district secretariat 85 years ago . In: Erwin Kurz (Ed.): From the gate . 7th year, no. 12 . Erwin Kurz, Schattendorf 2010, p. 8 .
9. ^ Felix Tobler: The founding of the Draßburg district secretariat 85 years ago . In: Erwin Kurz (Ed.): From the gate . 7th year, no. 12 . Erwin Kurz, Schattendorf 2010, p. 4-9 .
10. ↑ ^{a b} Results of the 2017 municipal council elections in Draßburg. Office of the Provincial Government of Burgenland, October 29, 2017, accessed on January 18, 2020 . 
11. ^ Election result of the 2012 municipal council election in Draßburg. Office of the Burgenland Provincial Government, November 4, 2012, accessed on January 18, 2020 . 
12. ^ Result of the 2007 municipal council election in Draßburg. Office of the Provincial Government of Burgenland, October 21, 2007, accessed on January 18, 2020 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Results of the 2002 municipal council elections in Draßburg. Office of the Provincial Government of Burgenland, October 21, 2002, accessed on January 18, 2020 . 
14. ↑ Austrian Association of Municipalities from November 28, 2016: Draßburg: From the municipal board to the mayor (accessed on December 5, 2017)
15. ↑ mein district.at of July 2, 2012: change of mayor in Drassburg (accessed on December 5, 2017)
16. ↑ http://www.drassburg.gv.at/politik/gemeinderat.html
17. ^ Municipality of Draßburg: Administration (accessed on December 5, 2017)
18. ^ Sándor Tóth: The origin of the Raab-Oedenburg-Ebenfurter Eisenbahn AG. Contribution to the genesis of the Györ-Sopron and Sopron national border lines . In: A Soproni Szemle kiadványai . Új sorozat, no. 19 . Sopron 2010, ISBN 978-963-89133-0-2 , pp. 99 .
19. ^ Community Draßburg: Chronicle (accessed on December 5, 2017)