March
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Historic anniversaries February · March · April |
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| Names for March | |
| earlier: | Märzen, Lenzing, Lenz, Lenzmond, Lenzmonat, pure moon, spring month |
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| Lat. Nom .: | Martius |
| Lat. Gene. : | Martii, Martij, Marty |
The March (abbreviation Mar. Or March) is the third month of the year in the Gregorian calendar .
It has 31 days and is named after the Roman god of war Mars , after whom the Romans named him Martius . Originally, this month, with the beginning of the campaign season, the Roman citizens capable of armed weapons gathered on the so-called Marsfeld (or Marchfield ) in front of the gates of the city to be mustered and to elect their generals.
The old German-Germanic name is Lenz , Lenzing or Lenzmond ; an outdated spelling is Märzen .
March 1st marks the meteorological beginning of spring . The equinox , the astronomical beginning of spring , will mostly take place on March 20 for the next few decades (the last time it fell on March 21 was 2011). On this day the sun is at its zenith over the equator , where it rises precisely in the east and sets precisely in the west. The point in time always moves forward 3 years by a little less than 6 hours, and then jumps back again by 18 hours in the 4th year (leap year). Because the jump back is greater than the forward movement, the beginning of spring moves backwards over a period of 4 years. To prevent the beginning of spring from wandering through the whole year, the leap year in the Gregorian calendar is canceled every 100 years, unless the year is divisible by 400 (last 1900, next 2100, but not 2000). Therefore, the beginning of spring can take place between March 19th and 21st, but will fall almost exclusively on the 19th and 20th until 2100.
The Roman calendar originally started with March as the first month. The names of the months September ( Latin septem 'seven'), October (Latin octo 'eight'), November ( Latin novem 'nine') and December ( Latin decem 'ten') are derived from this, each named after them Position in the sequence of months. On March 1 and March 15, respectively, the highest officials, the two consuls , after whom the respective year was named and who were the highest military commanders, took office in Rome . When the consuls took office in 153 BC Chr. Was brought forward to January 1st for military reasons, so the beginning of the year was also postponed.
Under Emperor Commodus (180 to 192 AD) the month was renamed Felix , one of his surnames. After the emperor's death, however, it got its old name back.
March always begins on the same weekday as November and in non- leap years also as February .
Yellow daffodil or daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)
March , Leandro Bassano
The month of March in the chronograph of 354 by the late antique calligrapher Filocalus .
The months of March and April, engraving by Sebald Beham , 1546
See also
Web links
- March. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 12 : L, M - (VI). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1885, Sp. 1690–1691 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
- Feasts of Religions (March) (private website)
Remarks
- ↑ DIN 5008 from A to Z - Date: The current recommendation for the notation of the date . In: din-5008- guidelines.de. Retrieved April 1, 2019
- ↑ Manfred Clauss : Emperor and God: Rulers Cult in the Roman Empire . Munich: KG Saur Verlag GmbH, night printing of the 1st edition 2001, p. 241 ( limited preview )