Effelter

Effelter Community Wilhelmsthal Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 22 "  N , 11 ° 25 ′ 4"  E
Height :	571 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	244  (2015)
Incorporation :	May 1, 1978
Postal code :	96352
Area code :	09260
Village pond

Effelter is a part of the municipality Wilhelmsthal in the Upper Franconian district of Kronach in Bavaria . The place has 315 inhabitants (status: 2000).

geography

Effelter is located in the Franconian Forest Nature Park on a mountain saddle at an altitude of 600  m above sea level. NN , about 17 km north of the district town of Kronach . The valleys of the Grümpel in the east and the Dober and Kremnitz in the west extend on both sides of the saddle .

The village is a typical spring tangerine village in a saddle position with forest hooves. The properties are arranged around the center of the village. Starting from them, strips of land (so-called hooves) run parallel to the boundary. The houses are arranged around two wells at the ends of the village green. This results in a site that resembles an ellipse. To the west below the village, around the Mühlaltn pond, there are some properties of more recent construction. The Effeltermühle is located in the Dober valley below the village.

The place name goes back to the Old High German word apholtra and indicates the proximity of apple tree plantations. Because of this name derivation, the Effelter celebrate the apple festival every two years at the beginning of September and elect an apple queen.

history

The settlement of the Franconian Forest ( Nortwald ) by clearing settlements began at the behest of the Bamberg bishops in the middle of the 12th century. It is assumed that the town was founded between 1187 and 1210. The village of Effelter was first mentioned in 1223 in a deed of foundation by Duke Otto VII of Meranien. Until 1388 the place was owned by the Langheim Monastery , at the beginning of the 14th century it became the property of the Bamberg Monastery . At the end of the 18th century, the place belonged to the Bamberg office of Kronach. This legal status remained until the archdiocese of Bamberg was secularized in 1803. In 1803 the place became part of the newly created Kingdom of Bavaria in the course of mediatization and consolidation . In 1807 a major fire destroyed a large part of the village. In the mid-1850s the parish had 356 residents and 111 houses.

In 1862 the rural community of Effelter was incorporated into the newly created Bavarian district office of Teuschnitz . It consisted of the church village Effelter and the wasteland Effeltermühle. The community belonged to the district court of Nordhalben and in 1871 had 315 inhabitants. A Catholic denominational school was located in the village. In 2000 Effelter celebrated its 777th birthday with numerous events. On May 1, 1978 Effelter was incorporated into the Wilhelmsthal community.

Architectural monuments

St. Peter and Paul

The Catholic branch church St. Peter and Paul is located in the center of the village, surrounded by the historically grown cemetery. It was originally built around 1400 as a two-axis choir tower church under the patronage of St. James. The sacristy was built in the 16./17. Century. In 1486 the parish of Effelter was first mentioned in a document. In 1809, after a major fire, the church was given its present form with a long house extension around a window axis and a hipped roof. It got the baroque interior from the desecrated St. Martin's Church in Kronach. A general renovation took place from 2007 to 2009. Worth mentioning is a statue of Our Lady with a child and a halo from the 15th century.

The list of monuments in Effelter includes a total of twelve monuments .

religion

98% of the population are Catholic. They belong to the branch parish of St. Peter and Paul. This belongs to the almost 700 year old parish of St. Giles in the neighboring village of Lahm .

Economy and Infrastructure

Forestry and rafting

For a long time, forestry formed the economic backbone of the town alongside agriculture. In connection with forestry, the villagers also operated rafting for a long time . The logs felled in winter were rafted with the meltwater towards the Main, where they were assembled into Main rafts and some of them were rafted as far as the Netherlands. The Effelters owe their nickname "Effeltere Katznflüeße" (Effelterer Katzenflößer) to the rafting industry. According to an anecdote, raftsmen from Effelter are said to have saved a cat from drowning and tied it to the raft so that the animal had to take part in the entire raft trip.

Bioenergy village

The sustainable energy supply concept of the " Bioenergy Village " Effelter has received several awards, such as the Bioenergy Villages 2010 Prize from the Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection and the Bavarian State Medal for Services to the Environment .

Effeltermühle

The Effeltermühle is located at the foot of the village in the Dobertal nature reserve, connected by a local road. It was operated as a cutting mill until 1979. The operation of the grain mill was stopped around 1955. Today the mill is owned by the Protestant deanery in Kronach, which uses the building as a deanery youth home. There is also a youth tent camp site, the equipment of which is housed in the mill's outbuildings. With the establishment of the youth home, the Friends of Effelter-Mühle restored the mill pond and the cutting mill to a functional condition. In 2007 the 500th anniversary of the mill was celebrated.

traffic

Effelter is located on State Road 2200 from Tschirn to Kronach . There is a bus connection with the district town of Kronach.

Sons and daughters of the village

• Werner Ehrlicher , economist

literature

• Klemens Löffler: Effelter - history and folk culture

Web links

Commons : Effelter  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Wilhelmsthal community development concept, October 19, 2017, p. 62
2. ^ Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Effelter . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 1 : A-egg . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1799, DNB  790364298 , OCLC 833753073 , Sp. 693 ( digitized version ).
3. ^ Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Effelter . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 619 ( digitized version ).
4. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1127 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 690 and 691 .
6. ↑ Internet pages of the Federal Bioenergy Villages Competition ( Memento of the original from August 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 5, 2012  
7. ↑ Website of the Bavarian State Ministry for Environment and Health , accessed on July 5, 2012