Elliehausen

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Elliehausen
City of Göttingen
Coordinates: 51 ° 33 ′ 6 "  N , 9 ° 52 ′ 11"  E
Height : 176  (154.5-300.9)  m
Area : 6.33 km²
Residents : 2927  (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 462 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1973
Postal code : 37079
Area code : 0551
map
The districts of Göttingen

Elliehausen is a village in southern Lower Saxony on the western edge of the Leinetal and western district of Göttingen , Lower Saxony . Together with Esebeck, Elliehausen forms a village within the meaning of the Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Act. Until the municipal reform in 1973, Elliehausen remained independent, since then it has belonged to Göttingen as a district. Today the place is mainly a residential community with a few farms.

geography

Geographical location

Elliehausen on the lower western slope of the Leinegraben

Elliehausen is located directly at the transition from the almost flat floodplain of the Leinegraben to the lower western slope of the Leinetal at an altitude of about 175  m above sea level. NN and about 5 km west-northwest of the city center of Göttingen. Several small, nowadays regulated, brooks arise in and near the village and flow off to the east: A brook rises north of the church, which flows into the Grone south of the Hagenberg in Göttingen as Elliehäuser Bach , the moat and the moat flow through the south of the village the valley ditch and south of the village the Gallwiesengraben flows along. The district area of Elliehausen extends from the flat Leinetal (lowest point 153  m above sea level ) on the slope of the Leinetal up to a height of 300.9  m above sea level. NN . In the south, the boundary is marked by the Börltal . Named mountains are the Gallbühl ( 188.3  m above sea level ) immediately southeast on the edge of the village and the Sommerberg ( 293.4  m above sea level ) in the western area of ​​the district. The district of Elliehausen immediately to the west and south of the built-up area is located in the Leinetal landscape protection area established in 1992 . The area of ​​the municipality of Bovenden with the Sauenberg and the Upper Wood , bordering the Elliehäuser district to the north, is part of the Leinebergland protected landscape area, which was designated in 2004.

geology

The built-up area of ​​Elliehausen is located on the clayey silts of the Pleistocene that accompany the Leinetalaue. Immediately west of the development area on the slope of the Dransfeld plateau is the upper shell limestone , partly with a short transition zone made of claystone or marlstone and sandstone. The Gallbühl southeast of the village is an elevation of the Upper Muschelkalks in the Leinetal loess loam .

Extension of the local area

The district of Elliehausen extends in north-south direction over a maximum of 2.8 kilometers, in east-west direction over a maximum of 4.6 kilometers. Of the 633 hectares of the district, around 40 percent are assigned to the Leinetal, the remaining 60 percent to the eastern slope of the Leinegraben and the Dransfeld plateau.

Neighboring places

The Elliehausen district has a short border in the north with the municipality of Bovenden with the Lenglern district and otherwise borders with other Göttingen districts: in the northeast on Holtensen , in the east on the city with the Weststadt district , in the southeast on Grone , in the southwest on Hetjershausen , to the west at Knutbühren and to the northwest at Esebeck.

history

South of the town center, a settlement with several long houses from the Neolithic Rössen culture was excavated and archaeologically examined in an already known area of ​​the Am Gesundbrunnen development area . Remnants of an early Iron Age settlement were also uncovered.

A connection between these settlements and today's location in the sense of a continuity in the settlement cannot be proven, so that the early Middle Ages is assumed to be the actual founding time of Elliehausen due to the etymology of the place name in connection with the historical regional conditions . The exact founding time is not known. The first written evidence of the existence of the place is contained in a forged document in the 13th century and preserved in a copy of the 15th century, which refers to the first half of the 12th century (1118–1137). The place name is there, as in later mentions, Ellingehusen . The next most recent written mention from the year 1207 is received in a copy from the 16th century.

Dominance and ownership

The most important landlords in the Middle Ages were the Lords of Plesse , who had held allodial estates in Elliehausen, probably since the 13th century, as well as Guelph and Mainz fiefs totaling around 135 hectares of arable land with a large number of farms. The noble lords of Plesse did not become documented as feudal lords until 1325. These possessions were given to various feudal people , initially to nobles, then often to Göttingen citizens. From the second half of the 15th century, mostly local farmers in Elliehausen became direct feudal takers who the The lands in question had often already been appointed beforehand as the Meier of the noble or bourgeois vassals. After the Lords of Plesse died out in 1571, the former Plessian property fell to the Landgraves of Hesse , later to the Hanoverian sovereigns, the Guelph fiefs fell back to them. From April 13, 1836, a Hanoverian law "on the detachability of the feudal association [...]" made it possible for the owners of the feudal estate to own the farms and fields they cultivated.

In addition, there was also the property of the St. Spiritus Hospital immediately west of Göttingen, which was transferred to the Lippoldsberg Monastery together with the hospital in 1336 . Some time after the secularization of the monastery was part of the former monastery of goods that were on welfischem area, including a major complex in Elliehausen, verlehnt to the originally bourgeois family Götz, 1591 by Emperor Rudolf II. Ennobles was and after their most important seat called "von Olenhusen ". The city of Göttingen and several citizens of Göttingen also had property or fiefdoms in Elliehausen.

From an administrative point of view, Elliehausen has belonged to the Harste Office since the Middle Ages , and after its dissolution to the Göttingen Office. Four teams from Elliehausen, each from several farms together, had to provide clamping services to the office .

Location structure and development

For the first time in 1432, when a property was denied, it was recorded in writing that a Thie existed in Elliehausen - as in most of the other villages in the region . In a document from 1545 an "upper gate" is also mentioned, which proves that Elliehausen was fortified, albeit probably only with a kink . Towards the end of the Thirty Years' War, an organized self-defense system of the Elliehauser farmers with Schüttenhoff is already mentioned, apparently with firearms.

The old town center with irregular buildings around the church was expanded in the 17th and 18th centuries in the east, south and south-west by planned new settlement areas, the number of farms increased from 38 in 1655 to 75 at the end of the 18th century. Despite a significant increase in the population, no further significant town expansions took place until the end of the Second World War. In the course of industrialization , many residents of Elliehausen became workers in the railroad and other industrial companies in the vicinity such as the Levin cloth factory, a salt works or a brickworks in Grone. Many of these workers were close to social democratic organizations and support for National Socialism in Elliehausen was significantly less than in comparable villages in the area and in the city of Göttingen. About 1884 were prepared by the coupling of the connecting roads extended to the neighboring villages of Feldmark, but the old connection to Hetjershausen abandoned. In 1938 the autobahn was built immediately to the east of the town , and Elliehausen was connected to the road from Holtensen to Göttingen by a newly built road with a freeway overpass, giving it a more direct road connection to the city.

Since the Second World War, the place has been greatly expanded to include new building areas in the east, southwest and especially in the south. The extensions in the north, however, are very small.

On January 1, 1973 Elliehausen was incorporated into the district town of Göttingen.

Population development

The population of Elliehausen in 1689 was 264. It reached a temporary high at the end of the 19th century and then rose again sharply after the Second World War. A particular increase in population can be observed as a result of the urban expansion in the 1960s and 1970s and around 1997. At the end of 2018, Elliehausen had 3,063 inhabitants, of which 2,927 were primary residents.

Population development of Elliehausen from 1885
year Residents year Residents of which
main residence 		year Residents of which
main residence
1885 675 1952 942 1995 2192 2089
1910 640 1961 999 2002 2716 2620
1925 630 1970 1510 2005 2754 2646
1933 562 1980 2084 2009 2825 2700
1939 596 1987 2190 2047
1945 1024 1990 2178 2093

Religions

A church in Elliehausen was first mentioned in writing in 1273. Like all Göttingen churches, the church belonged to the archpriesthood of St. Martin in Geismar in the archdeaconate of Nörten . The patron saints were the lords of Hardenberg in 1519/20 , and the lords of Adelebsen after the Reformation until it died out in 1957 . After the Reformation was introduced in the course of the general visit in 1542, after the death of his predecessor Balthasar Ricke in 1553, Zacharias Kempe was appointed as the first Protestant pastor. During a visitation in 1588, the pastor of Elliehausen also had to look after the Church of St. Pankratius in Esebeck and preach in both churches on Sundays. The Esebecker church is partly described as a branch church of Elliehausen, partly as a mother church connected to it, the chapel community of St. Katharinen in Knutbühren was a branch of Elliehausen until July 1, 1974. In 2014, 45.2 percent of the population were Protestant and 13.7 percent Catholic.

Surname

The place name developed through syneresis from the Ellingehusen, which has been handed down many times over, via the intermediate stages Elligehusen and Ellijehusen . It was first passed down around 1521 in the contracted form and at the same time with the High German ending -hausen instead of the Low German ending -husen that had been used throughout . The intermediate -inge- is originally an ending of the genitive plural of the preceding personal name, in this case the short name Ello / Allo or Elli , which is derived from the Germanic tribe * alja- "other, foreign". "Elliehausen" is the "settlement of the people of Ello (or Elli)".

The new Low German form of the name is Eljehusen .

politics

coat of arms

Elliehauser coat of arms

The coat of arms of Elliehausen shows a silver wavy band on a green background, which runs from top right to bottom left and represents the waters of the Eikborn. Below are three gold stars, above a gold star and a crescent moon. These elements are supposed to stand for sheep and shepherds and thus indicate the predominantly agricultural character of the place in the past.

Local council

Together with Esebeck, Elliehausen has a local council that consists of nine members. The local council of Elliehausen has an advisory role in decisions of the council of the city of Göttingen that affect the locality of Elliehausen / Esebeck. It consists of four local council members from the SPD, four from the CDU and one from Alliance 90 / The Greens. The local mayor is Michael Voss (SPD).

Culture and sights

church

St. Martini village church

The Protestant Church of St. Martini in Elliehausen is a hall church built from rubble stones, still late Baroque in its basic forms. The current building of the church hall was built in 1829/30 after fundamental renovation and renovation measures had already taken place in 1803. A heater was installed in 1901, further extensive renovations took place in 1928, around 1960 and 1982/83. The pews were replaced by seating. There was an organ in the church as early as 1748; today's organ was built in 1880 by the workshop of the Thuringian master organ builder Julius Strobel and restored in 1987/88. The lower area of ​​the roughly square west tower dates back to the Middle Ages and a slate-clad floor was added when the nave was built and a bell dome and a polygonal clock tower were added.

Anger

Elliehäuser maypole on the field

The village green is located in the eastern part of Elliehausen between the streets Am Eikborn and Elliehäuser Anger . In 1938 it was still used as a threshing floor; today it is a public green area surrounded by lime trees. With the adjacent closed development with mostly low two-storey half-timbered buildings, mostly from the early 19th century, the Anger still shows a clearly village-like character despite the many changes. Starting in 2015, the local bachelor club "Ewig Jung" will set up a maypole on the field on the evening before May 1st. To this end, the JGV organizes a festival.

Architectural monuments

In addition to the church and the anger, the rectory with the associated barn and 14 other buildings in Elliehausen are listed as monuments according to the Lower Saxony Monument Protection Act (status 2002). These are exclusively two-storey residential and commercial buildings in half-timbered construction with a pitched roof , which were built from the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century. The residential building, which is regarded as the oldest building in the village, was built around 1750, is located in the western part of the old village center and is the only half-timbered house in Elliehausen with a slight overhang.

Natural monuments

The thick linden tree (ND GÖ-S 31)

Thick linden tree in Elliehausen
Linden tree at the Gesundbrunnen

On the main road at the end of the town center in the direction of Esebeck, there is an old linden tree, which is designated as a natural monument and which is said to have been planted in the 15th century.

This thick linden tree in Elliehausen , a summer linden tree registered in the list of distinctive and old tree specimens , has an estimated age of 520–610 years. Its short, stocky trunk branches out even at a low height into a multi-branched, broadly diversified crown, which is stabilized inside by holding ropes. Large openings on the base of the trunk, which has been broken through several times, are protected by wire mesh. In 2016, the linden tree had a trunk circumference of 7.88 m measured at a height of 40 cm. Other data indicate a chest height of 8.20 m. By regularly pruning the crown, the tree still has a height of 15.50 m.

Linden tree at Gesundbrunnen (ND GÖ-S 42)

Another natural monument in the village is the linden tree at the confluence of the street Zum Sommerberg with the street Gesundbrunnen , where a fungal infestation was found in 2007 and the treetop was then cut back drastically.

Ash at Hagedornswege (ND GÖ-S 52)

In the district of Elliehausen outside the built-up area, 250 m south of the road from Elliehausen to Esebeck and northwest of the village, an ash tree is designated as a natural monument.

Sommerberg sinkhole (ND GÖ-S 60)

A sinkhole on the Sommerberg above the Rischenhacke, 300 m north of the pony farm at the entrance to the Börltal, is designated as an extensive natural monument in the Elliehausen district.

Association

Sports

In Elliehausen there are two sports clubs offering a wide range of sports and leisure activities. In addition to sports such as tennis, hiking, dancing, gymnastics and basketball, the yellow-white Elliehausen sports club focuses on football for adults and young people. The youngsters play together with the neighboring villages in a cooperation club, the JFV West Göttingen. In particular, SC Eintracht Elliehausen has offers outside of the classic team sports.

Volunteer firefighter

A municipal bill for fire buckets and ladders from 1797 shows that there were organized fire extinguishing systems in Elliehausen at that time. In the middle of the 19th century, a fire engine was purchased for the compulsory fire brigade of the Elliehausen residents and a syringe house was built. The Elliehausen volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1934 from this compulsory fire brigade . In the course of the incorporation of Elliehausen, the volunteer fire brigade was connected to the Göttingen volunteer fire brigade. In 1980/81 a new fire station was built on the southern edge of the village. The Friends of the Elliehausen Volunteer Fire Brigade has around 220 members (as of 2015). The fire brigade is responsible for fire protection and technical assistance, especially at the local level and on the nearby Autobahn 7. It is equipped with a fire fighting vehicle 10/6 and a rescue vehicle 2. I.

Bachelor club

Club coat of arms JGV Ewig Jung

The bachelor association "Ewig Jung" was founded in 1873. This makes it the oldest club in Elliehausen. So much is verifiable, but unfortunately no documents from this time have survived. How the bachelor club survived the two world wars is also little known. It is probable, however, that regular club life no longer took place, as the circumstances of that time placed other things in the foreground. When life had normalized in the post-war years and interest in clubs and socializing reawakened, fourteen young men got together to re-found the bachelor club "Ewig Jung" Elliehausen on November 20, 1954. In 1955, Easter fun, a summer night ball, the organization of the fair and many other festivals followed. In addition, a three-week Christmas market has been held in front of the "Berge" inn for several years. In 1998, the 125th anniversary of the bachelor club “Ewig Jung” Elliehausen was celebrated with a three-day tent festival. Since 2015, the organization of a May festival on the Anger has also been one of the association's events.

Other clubs

  • Polyhymnia men's choir from 1881
  • Model sports club Condor Göttingen
  • Bowling club cosiness
  • Gymnastics group
  • Edelweiss Music Association
  • Dutch boaters' community
  • Gasparone Theater and Friendship Club
  • Shooting club Edelweiß
  • Small animal breeding association
  • Carnival Society Rheintreue Göttingen

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Elliehausen is located directly on the A 7 , the Göttingen-Nord motorway junction is in the Elliehausen district. The connection to Göttingen is given via Kreisstraße 37, which also connects the neighboring town of Esebeck on the other side of the village. To the west there is a road connection to the neighboring town of Knutbühren and to the south there is a road in the direction of Springmühle ( Gronespring ), via which there is an indirect connection to Hetjershausen and Grone.

There is a connection to local transport via the bus route 71/72 of the Göttingen transport company and to the regional bus service of the Verkehrsverbund Südniedersachsen with the route 110 (Göttingen-Adelebsen). The next train connection is at Göttingen train station .

Public facilities

The administration office of the city of Göttingen responsible for Elliehausen is in Geismar , in the place itself there is a branch of the city ​​library of Göttingen . The Protestant parish runs a kindergarten in Elliehausen. With the rainbow school there is a primary school offer in the village, secondary schools are in Göttingen.

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Hermann Kolbe (1818–1884), chemist, lived in the rectory of St. Martini's Church, Orthwiesen 3, until 1826

literature

  • Heinz Ahlborn, Ulrich Scheuermann : Contributions to the history of Elliehausen (city of Göttingen) . Vol. 1: The noblemen of Plesse as landlords in Elliehausen . Reprint from Plesse archive 28. Göttingen 1992
  • Heinz Ahlborn, Ulrich Scheuermann: Contributions to the history of Elliehausen . Vol. 2: Church history / Vol. 3: School history . Self-published, Göttingen 1994
  • Heinz Ahlborn: Contributions to the history of Elliehausen . Vol. 4: The division of the Groner Wald with the history of the Realgemeinde Elliehausen / Vol. 5: Elliehausen interest in dividing and coupling . Self-published, Göttingen 1997
  • Wilhelm Grube: Elliehausen in the mirror of the past. About village life, its manners and customs. Self-published, Göttingen 1998

Web links

Commons : Elliehausen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Göttingen: Eligible population, main and secondary residents in the city districts, districts and localities 2018 . In: GÖSIS - Göttingen Statistical Information System . City of Göttingen - Statistics and Elections Department, March 2019, accessed on December 21, 2019 (PDF)
  2. ↑ City of Göttingen, surveying office: city ​​map - scale 1: 10000 in 2 parts , Göttingen 1995
  3. ^ Lower Saxony environmental maps. Lower Saxony Ministry for the Environment, Energy, Building and Climate Protection, accessed on December 21, 2019 .
  4. ^ Geoportal , NIBIS map server: Geological map. - State Office for Mining, Energy and Geology (LBEG), Hanover. Retrieved February 15, 2018
  5. ↑ Ulrich Nagel, Hans Georg Wunderlich : Geological block diagram of the area around Göttingen . Commission publisher Druckhaus Göttinger Tageblatt GmbH & Co., Göttingen 1976.
  6. ↑ a b c City of Göttingen - Elliehausen (as of September 2013) ( Memento from July 15, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Bernd Rasink: A forest made of posts. Long houses of the Rössen culture in Göttingen-Elliehausen . In: Archaeological Commission for Lower Saxony eV (Hrsg.): Archeology in Lower Saxony . tape 1 . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 1998, ISBN 3-89598-540-6 , p. 30-33 .
  8. ↑ a b c Kirstin Casemir, Uwe Ohainski, Jürgen Udolph : The place names of the district of Göttingen . In: Jürgen Udolph (Hrsg.): Lower Saxony Place Name Book (NOB) . Part IV. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2003, ISBN 3-89534-494-X , p. 126 f .; 447 .
  9. ^ A b Heinz Ahlborn, Ulrich Scheuermann: Contributions to the history of Elliehausen (City of Göttingen) . Book 1: The noble lords of Plesse as landlords in Elliehausen . Reprint from Plesse-Archiv 28, Bovenden 1992
  10. ↑ a b c d e f Ilse Röttgerodt-Riechmann: City of Göttingen . In: Hans-Herbert Möller (Hrsg.): Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony . tape 5.1 . Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1982, ISBN 3-528-06203-7 , pp. 104 f .
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 207 .
  12. ↑ a b c d Did you know? Wolfgang Kuhnert, accessed on February 15, 2018 .
  13. ↑ a b 020.30 City of Göttingen: Eligible population, main and secondary residents in the city districts, districts and localities 2018. (PDF) In: GÖSIS - Göttinger Statistisches Informationssystem. City of Göttingen - Statistics and Elections Service, March 2019, accessed on December 21, 2019 .
  14. ^ Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Kingdom of Prussia - Province of Hanover, District of Hildesheim, District of Göttingen. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. Ulrich Schubert, accessed on February 15, 2018 .
  15. ↑ a b City of Göttingen: Historical population figures - population in the city districts from 1896 to 2018. (PDF; 17 kB) In: GÖSIS - Göttinger Statistisches Informationssystem. City of Göttingen - Statistics and Elections Department, March 2019, accessed on December 21, 2019 .
  16. ^ City of Göttingen: Profile data for city districts 2006. City district 14 Elliehausen. (PDF; 188 kB) (No longer available online.) In: GÖSIS - Göttinger Statistisches Informationssystem. City of Göttingen - Statistics and Elections Service, May 2007, formerly in the original ; Retrieved September 14, 2010 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.goettingen.de
  17. ↑ a b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Göttingen. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  18. ^ Local councilor Elliehausen / Esebeck on the website of the city of Göttingen
  19. ^ Heinz Ahlborn, Ulrich Scheuermann: Contributions to the history of Elliehausen . Vol. 2: Church history / Vol. 3: School history . Self-published, Göttingen 1994
  20. ↑ "Thick Linden in Elliehausen" in the tree register at www.baumkunde.de
  21. ↑ Minutes of the 7th public / non-public meeting of the Environment Committee on Tuesday, November 27, 2007. City of Göttingen, accessed on February 15, 2018 .
  22. ^ Lower Saxony environmental maps. Lower Saxony Ministry for the Environment, Energy, Building and Climate Protection, accessed on December 21, 2019 .
  23. ^ SV Gelb-Weiß Elliehausen - football and more ... Sportverein Gelb-Weiß Elliehausen, accessed on February 15, 2018 .
  24. ^ SC Eintracht Elliehausen eV - sports offer. SC Eintracht Elliehausen eV, the board of directors, accessed on February 15, 2018 .
  25. ^ Voluntary fire brigade City of Göttingen - Elliehausen fire brigade. Elliehausen fire brigade command, local fire chief Georg Sattler, accessed on October 12, 2015 .
  26. ↑ website of the AGM "Forever Young" Ellie Hausen , accessed on April 11, 2016
  27. ↑ Timetable route 71/72. (PDF) Göttinger Verkehrsbetriebe GmbH, September 8, 2074, accessed on February 15, 2018 .
  28. ↑ VSN timetable line 110. (PDF) Verkehrsverbund Süd-Niedersachsen GmbH (VSN), accessed on December 21, 2019 .
  29. ^ Goettingen City Library - Elliehausen branch. Göttingen City Library, accessed on January 20, 2016 .
  30. ↑ Rainbow School - Home. Retrieved December 21, 2019 .