Emmaus Church (Berlin)
Emmaus Church | |
---|---|
address |
Berlin-Kreuzberg , Lausitzer Platz |
Denomination | evangelical |
local community | Emmaus-Ölberg parish |
Current usage | Parish church; Cultural place |
Old church | |
start of building | 1891 |
completion | 1893 |
inauguration | August 27, 1893 |
style | Round arch style |
architect | August Orth |
New nave | |
start of building | 1957 |
completion | 1959 |
inauguration | December 6, 1959 |
style | Post-war modernity |
Architects | Werner and Ludolf v. Walthausen |
The Emmauskirche (also Emmaus Church ) of the Evangelical Emmaus-Ölberg parish in the parish of Berlin Stadtmitte of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia was built according to plans and under the direction of August Orth from 1890 to 1893 on Lausitzer Platz in the Berlin district of Kreuzberg . It formed an ensemble of buildings with the Görlitzer station opposite, also planned by August Orth . The nave , which was destroyed in the Second World War , was dismantled, as was the annexes to the church tower . A new nave was built in the late 1950s.
history
The Emmaus parish was initially a daughter of the St. Thomas parish . In 1872 an emergency church was first built on Lausitzer Platz in order to offer the future new congregation its own worship service. On April 1, 1887, the community formally separated from the St. Thomas Congregation. When it was founded, the Emmaus congregation had around 70,000 members. The elections to the Reichstag in 1877 brought an increase in votes for the Social Democrats in this urban area. The rulers attributed this to the declining ties of the people to the church. The increasing poverty and proletarianization of the population resulted in mass exits from the church . The rulers tried to strengthen their influence again by supporting the Church of the Old Prussian Union and therefore encouraged the building of large churches. The district synod made 200,000 marks available for the construction of a church, the magistrate took over the same amount and made the property on Lausitzer Platz available. The foundation stone was laid on June 5, 1890 . Due to objections from the building academy responsible for testing the structural engineering and the building police , construction work had to be suspended until spring 1891. On August 27, 1893 was the inauguration of the church. In the pews 2,400 people found space. When worship singing Royal Court and Cathedral Choir .
In 1944 were the explosions of bombs whose windows destroyed near the church. This made it unusable in winter. On February 3, 1945, the nave burned down completely after an air raid . The services were now held in the church's air raid shelter . Since July 1, 1949, the nave and the annexes of the tower were demolished due to the risk of collapse. Only the tower with the mosaic above the entrance portal remained.
From 1957 to 1959 a new nave with only 500 seats was built, which was inaugurated on December 6, 1959. The preliminary design made Werner v. Walthausen, the construction work was in the hands of Ludolf v. Walthausen. From 1990 to 1995, the church tower was rebuilt for parish activities, offices and a parish service apartment according to plans by Wulf Eichstädt. On August 27, 1995 the Emmaus parish merged with the nearby Mount of Olives parish to form the Emmaus-Mount of Olives parish .
architecture
Old church
Orth designed a church building that was a synthesis of a longitudinal and a central structure . The whole room, except for the choir , was filled by galleries on two levels. The core of the building was an octagon with the pulpit in the middle . A dome rested on eight free-standing bundle pillars , with daylight shining through the side windows . A small lantern adorned the outside of the dome. On five sides of the octagon joined apses on. The median in the longitudinal axis of the church was the sanctuary . On the other three sides of the octagon was a three-aisled nave with four axes. In front of this was the 74 meter high tower with the portal , framed by polygonal building wings . Above the entrance Paul Mohn designed a mosaic with Christ and the Emmaus disciples and the saying: “Lord stay with us, because evening is about to come”. It was manufactured by the German Glass Mosaic Society Puhl & Wagner , at that time in Rixdorf .
New nave
Between 1957 and 1959, a hall church with truncated end walls in axial alignment was built according to plans by Werner von Walthausen . She moved north from the tower. Their area corresponds approximately to that of the old nave. It is only connected to the tower by a gallery . The ridge of the gable roof remains 16 meters below the height of the portal. The side walls are staggered by narrow, eaves-high ribbon windows that are arranged at an angle. In the summer of 1998 the pews were replaced by chairs.
Furnishing
Bells
Three cast steel bells from the Bochumer Verein bell foundry hang in the tower . The following information can be found in an inventory list of the foundry: The three-part bells came in a bell room, which are arranged next to each other and form a regular octagon. The production of all three bells including accessories such as clapper, axles, bearings and chime levers cost 7,160 marks.
size | Pouring year | Chime | Weight (kg) | lower diameter (mm) | Height (mm) | inscription | annotation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
greatest | 1892 | b 0 | 2550 | 1885 | 1655 | GLORY TO GOD ON HEIGHTS / AND PEACE ON EARTH / AND MANY PEOPLE. | |
middle | 1964 | of the 1st | 2010 (1560) |
1680 (1570) |
1380 | + COMING, FOR EVERYTHING IS READY + |
The first middle bell was also made in 1882 (dates in brackets) and apparently had to be replaced later. |
smallest | 1892 | f 1 | 1019 | 1385 | 1185 | A SOLID CASTLE IS OUR GOD / HIS EMPIRE HAS TO REMAIN. |
organ
The Emmauskirche has a special organ in which a pipe organ was combined with an electronic organ .
The pipe organ was inaugurated in 2002. The instrument was built in 1960 by the organ builder G. A. C. de Graaf for the Noach-Kerk in Amsterdam , and after its profanation it was sold to Berlin. The pipe organ has 22 registers on two manuals and a pedal. The first manual is a coupling manual. In the years 2002–2004, the instrument was expanded to include 24 electronic registers .
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Coupling : coupling manual for the pipe organ (II, III / I), II / P, III / P
literature
- Marina Wesner: Kreuzberg and its places of worship: churches - mosques - synagogues - temples . Berlin 2007
- Christine Goetz , Matthias Hoffmann-Tauschwitz: Churches Berlin Potsdam . Berlin 2003
- Klaus Duntze: Martha and the dragon . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 12, 1998, ISSN 0944-5560 , p. 21-32 ( luise-berlin.de ).
- Berlin and its buildings. Part VI. Sacred buildings . Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin, Berlin 1997
- Angela Nickel: An architect in transition . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 3, 1996, ISSN 0944-5560 ( luise-berlin.de ).
- Klaus-Dieter Wille: The bells of Berlin (West). History and inventory . Berlin 1987
- Günther Kühne, Elisabeth Stephani: Evangelical churches in Berlin . Berlin 1978
Web links
- Homepage of the Emmaus-Ölberg parish
- Architekturmuseum TU-Berlin - old plans for the Emmaus Church
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b compilation of the bells delivered to Berlin and the surrounding area . Bochum Association, around 1900. In the archive of the Köpenick Church of St. Josef, viewed on August 6, 2019.
- ↑ A new organ in Emmaus
Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 59.4 " N , 13 ° 25 ′ 51.7" E