Franz von Morgenstern

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Franz Morgenstern 1837 (pencil drawing by Rudolf von Veltheim, during the first extraordinary state parliament in Braunschweig)

Franz von Morgenstern (also: Julius Christian Franz Morgenstern ; born December 11, 1787 in Uslar ; died December 6, 1869 in Bad Harzburg ) was a German officer, member of the state parliament , minister for warfare in the Duchy of Braunschweig and military writer . He fought in the coalition and liberation wars and headed the war college as director .

Life

family

Franz Morgenstern was the son of in Hameln born Carl Friedrich Morgenstern (* 1736, † April 18, 1789 in Uslar) and Theresa Christine Schönhut († 1833), finally nephew was also born in Hameln Johann Carl Morgenstern (1739-1787). Father and uncle took part in the North American War of Independence as officers in the Braunschweig contingent under General Riedesel . Morgenstern's older brother, Friedrich Morgenstern (1786–1855), decided to pursue a career as a major. His niece, Auguste von Morgenstern († after 1869) was from 1840 to 1847 with Wolfgang Robert Griepenkerl married, he for a time alimentierte . Morgenstern's fate and career are closely linked to that of his brother. He himself remained unmarried.

career

Morgenstern's father had retired to Uslar, where he now spent his childhood. After the father's death, however, the mother returned to Braunschweig, where Morgenstern and his brother visited the Katharineum in Braunschweig in 1797 . In 1802 he reached the top .

On March 8, 1803 Morgenstern was hired as a Junker or Freikorporal in the regiment of Prince Friedrich von Braunschweig , but nevertheless successfully continued his studies in mathematics and Latin as well as in fortification and military drawing. On February 3, 1804 he was promoted to ensign . Despite Braunschweig’s neutrality , Morgenstern was taken prisoner by the French in Metz on October 26, 1807, together with his brother and 35 other Brunswick officers .

On July 3, 1808, Morgenstern was finally hired as a Sous-Lieutenant in the Westphalian 2nd Line Infantry Regiment in Braunschweig. Towards the end of the year he was relocated to Kassel and in 1809 the campaign in Spain . Morgenstern was wounded here on July 8, 1909 in front of Fort Montjouy, Gerona . His rise in rank went very quickly, probably also in view of the losses in the field. On August 15, 1809, he was promoted to Premier Lieutenant , on January 6, 1810 to Adjutant - Major and on November 19, 1810 to Captain . At Easter 1811 Morgenstern became leader of the 3rd Company and took part in the campaign in Russia until 1813. Of 23,000 Westphalians, only a 50-man company returned via the Beresina as a closed formation , Morgenstern was one of them. Back in Kassel he received the 2nd Grenadier Company with which he marched on Torgau in June 1813 and then on to Dresden in September . On November 11, 1813, Dresden capitulated, whereupon the Rheinbund troops and with them Morgenstern were released back home.

On November 25, 1813, Morgenstern found employment as a lieutenant in the Braunschweig light infantry regiment, was directed to the 2nd light battalion on January 1, 1814, was promoted to captain again on January 3, 1814 and switched to the 3rd light on January 14, 1814 as a company commander Battalion. As an adjutant he was from March 6, 1814 in the Line Brigade and from July 21, 1814 in the Light Brigade.

The campaign in 1815 denied Morgenstern in Brunswick services as an aide to General Olfermann . At Waterloo he was wounded on June 18 1815th On February 3, 1816, he became a corps adjutant and on May 3, 1816 he was assigned to the infantry regiment, and on December 1, 1823, he was again appointed as a corps adjutant. He was promoted to major and appointed commander of the 2nd Battalion on October 21, 1830.

In the 1930s Morgenstern founded the regimental library, which he managed from then on. After about 1836 by Duke Wilhelm dean of Cyriakus pin had been appointed, he could in the Curia the prelates are elected and took as a military expert for 15 years a place in the national assembly a. The introduction of the Landwehr , which, from Morgenstern's point of view, was unfortunately amended in 1855 , was one of his great merits.

On 9 October 1837 he was a member of the General Staff appointed and on September 28, 1841 Lt. Col. promoted, finally received on 27 September 1845 character as a colonel . Morgenstern began his service as director of the War College on August 1, 1847, but was already head of the War Department in the State Ministry in August 1848 . The Dimission Morning Star on August 1. 1851

Morgenstern used his retirement to write his much-noticed war memories .

Von Morgenstern died on December 6, 1869 in Harzburg.

plant

  • War memories of Colonel Franz Morgenstern from the Westphalian era. 8 vols. Edited by Heinrich Meier , Colonel a. D., on commission, Julius Zwitzlers Verlag, Wolfenbüttel 1912 ( PDF )

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b o. V .: Morgenstern, Julius Christian Franz from in the database of Lower Saxony Persons ( new entry required ) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library [undated], last accessed on August 24, 2020
  2. ^ Rolf Nowak: Ortssippenbuch Uslar , Uslar 2006, ISBN 978-3-933334-19-0 , family no.8934.
personal data
SURNAME Morgenstern, Franz von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Morgenstern, Julius Christian Franz von (full name); Morgenstern, Julius Christian Franz (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German officer, member of the Brunswick State Assembly, director of the War College
DATE OF BIRTH December 11, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Uslar
DATE OF DEATH December 6, 1869
Place of death Harzburg