Frau-Holle-Teich
| Frau-Holle-Teich | ||
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| Frau-Holle-Teich on the Hoher Meissner | ||
| Geographical location | Hoher Meißner , Werra-Meißner district , Hesse ( Germany ) | |
| Tributaries | Godesborn spring (in the pond), right bifurcation of the Hollenbach | |
| Drain | Hollenbach → Berka | |
| Location close to the shore | Eschwege | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 13 '8 " N , 9 ° 52' 11" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 622.6 m above sea level NHN | |
| Maximum depth | 2.6 m | |
The Mother Hulda Pond (formerly Holle pond is called) a small, natural and storied pond on the northern Hesse Werra-Meissner situated Hohe Meissner . It is the highest standing body of water within a radius of about 50 km.
geography
location
The Frau-Holle-Teich is located on the eastern flank of the Hoher Meißner mountain range, around 1 km north of Schwalbenthal and around 400 m north-northwest of the Kalbe hilltop (as the crow flies ). Surrounded by forest, it is located in the geo-nature park Frau-Holle-Land (Werratal.Meißner.Kaufunger Wald) a few meters southwest of state road 3242, which is part of the "Frau-Holle route" of the German fairy tale route of Velmeden (east-north-eastern part of the municipality of Hessisch Lichtenau ) leads north over the Schwalbenthal to Kammerbach (western district of Bad Sooden-Allendorf ). The curve of the road near the hiker's parking lot at the Frau-Holle-Teich is at 622.6 m above sea level. NHN .
Natural allocation
The Frau-Holle-Teich belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Osthessisches Bergland (No. 35), in the main unit Fulda-Werra-Bergland (357) and in the subunit Meißnergebiet (357.8) to the natural area Hoher Meißner (357.81).
history
In 1641 Landgrave Hermann was the first to describe the Frau-Holle-Teich. In connection with the pond he also mentioned several legends about Frau Holle. This means that it can be ruled out that they are inventions by romantic authors. In the year 1776 the cadastre of the municipality Wickenrode mentioned a swamp hole of 1½ ares worthless under tax law . Only the 3½ acre “Rodewiese” next to it was used. Ludwig August Freiherr von Münchhausen visited the Meißner in 1800 and describes the "Hollenteich" as a mere pool of water with an average of 40 to 50 feet. The Brothers Grimm also visited the Frau-Holle-Teich in the early 19th century and mentioned it in their German sagas .
What is certain, however, is that this pond is much older, because gold ducats from the time of Emperor Domitian (81 to 96 AD ) were found at the Frau-Holle pond . Flint tools from the Stone Age were also found at the pond.
The approximately 9 ° C cold spring of the Godesborn in the middle of the Frau-Holle-Teich and the resulting precipitation accumulate the water on a layer of clay. Towards the end of the 1940s it was a maximum of 2.60 m deep. To prevent the Frau Holle pond from silting up, an artificial right branch of the Hollenbach brook into the pond was initiated in 1936. As a result, more sediments were deposited, so that the pond was dredged in 1938. The clay layer was damaged and the pond ran dry. The damage could be repaired with Großalmeröder clay. After the World War, dirty black lignite water pumped out of the Kalbe opencast mine entered the pond for a while and darkened the already cloudy water.
Flora and fauna
In the shores of of mixed forest surrounded Frau Holle pond grow cattails , which almost completely surround the pond. On a cordoned-off marshy meadow you can find cotton grass , among other things , which is often found on and on the Hohe Meißner. In spring, the Frau-Holle-Teich is a spawning area for toads , frogs and various newt species; the northern crested newt can also be found here. In the stream access area, the place Alps Strudelwurm . Towards the end of April, the common midwife toad , also known as the bell frog, can be heard here.
Protected areas
The Frau-Holle pond is located in the Meißner nature reserve ( CDDA no. 6969; designated 1970; 9.3293 km² in size), in the Meißner and Meißner foreland fauna-flora-habitat area (FFH no. 4725-306; 20 , 4282 km²) and in the Meißner bird sanctuary (VSG no. 4725-401; 37.2078 km²).
Frau Holle statue
At the edge of the forest south of the Frau-Holle-Pond stands a wooden Frau-Holle statue, which was created by Viktor Donhauser and erected in 2004. Because the legend is older than the fairy tale Frau Holle by the Brothers Grimm , this statue depicts a young woman, just as the fairy tale character Frau Holle is usually described in the legends. In her hand she holds a pillow, which creates the relation to the pillow or bed linen from Ms. Holle. This statue has been disputed because it has too much breasts for some people; even the women's representative of the Werra-Meißner district had to deal with it.
Another wooden statue is located on the edge of the forest east of the Frau Holle pond. This statue was "carved" by the forest worker Ferdinand Urff with a chainsaw in 2001 before Viktor Donhauser could erect his statue.
Say
According to the legends, the Frau-Holle-pond is infinitely deep and the entrance to the realm of Frau Holle. A silver castle with a garden and lots of flowers as well as fruit and vegetables are said to be located here, which she gives generously to women and girls in particular.
According to a legend, a miner tried to measure the depth of the "Hollenteich". The plumb line used for this should not have reached the bottom after 65 laughs (corresponding to approx. 104 m to 156 m).
The legends also tell that Mrs. Holle shows herself as a beautiful young woman bathing in the middle of the pond at noon. She is said to have seduced travelers or hunters from time to time or played jokes with them .
For a long time it was also believed that the little children come from the “Hollenteich” and that the souls of the deceased are brought back to its depths. This is apparently related to the custom that young women bathed in this pond when they wanted to become fertile.
"Sunday children", as the saying goes, can hear a bright bell ringing there from time to time. This legend may have originated from the presence of the bell frog, also known as the midwife toad .
Because the Frau-Holle-Teich is said to be infinitely deep and it is the highest standing body of water far and wide, the "Waters of the Deep" come closer to the sky than anywhere else in Northern Hesse. According to numerous legends, Frau Holle should work both under water and above the clouds. According to Germanist Erika Timm, this connection between heaven and earth can explain why legends and myths about a female numen pile up here of all places.
regional customs
When schoolgirls from the area looked into the pond and saw their reflection in the mirror, they would shout: “These are Frau Holle's children.” They also wanted to have recognized the hair tips of the unborn in the reeds. This custom was still widespread in the 1930s.
hike
The Frau-Holle-Teich is the starting point and transit point for several hiking trails , including the Frau-Holle path . Guided hikes are offered by the " Zweckverband Naturpark Meißner-Kaufunger Wald". From the hikers' car park a rather steep path leads along the Hollenbach and, on a longer detour, a wide forest or hiking path past the “Kalbesee” in the former “Kalbe opencast mine” to the Kalbe basalt knoll , from which you can enjoy the view to the east. From there, there are other ways to get to the Meißner high plateau - for example to the Kasseler Kuppe .
See also
Web links
- Sagen zum Frau-Hollen-Teich (based on the German legends of the Brothers Grimm ), on haben.at
literature
- Karl Kollmann: Mrs. Holle and the Meißnerland. Heiligenstadt 2005, ISBN 3-929413-90-6 (documentation of the first written certificates and appraisal of all regional sagas with a check on the real background).
- Karl Paetow : Mrs. Holle. Folk tales and legends. Husum 1986.
- Erika Timm: Frau Holle, Frau Percht and related figures. 160 years after Jacob Grimm from a German point of view. With the collaboration of Gustav Adolf Beckmann. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2003.
- Welf-Gerrit Otto: The super woman from the fairytale pond. Controversy over a sculpture of Frau Holle on the Hohe Meißner . In: Hessian Association for Folklore (Hrsg.): Between identity and image. The popularity of the Brothers Grimm and their fairy tales in Hessen. Hessian papers for folk and cultural research. 44/45. Jonas, Marburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-89445-414-2 .
- Wolfgang Bauer , Sergius Golowin , Clemens Zerling : Heilige Quellen Heilende Brunnen. Neue Erde, Saarbrücken 2009, ISBN 978-3-89060-275-2 , pp. 29–45.
- Bernhard Lauer: Mrs. Holle - fairy tale · legend · myth. In: Brothers Grimm-Journal 1, 2006, pp. 4-9, ISBN 3-929633-99-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ^ Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 112 Kassel. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969. → Online map (PDF; 6.9 MB)
- ↑ Ms. Holle is therefore too sexy ( memento from June 30, 2007 in the web archive archive.today ), on hr-online.de, accessed on Nov. 23, 2007
- ↑ Karl Kollmann: Frau Holle und das Meißnerland , p. 22 (see literature )
- ↑ Erika Timm: Frau Holle, Frau Percht and related figures . P. 136ff (see literature )
- ↑ Karl Kollmann: Frau Holle und das Meißnerland, Eschwege 2005, p. 41 (see literature )