Freienhagen (Waldeck)

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Freienhagen
City of Waldeck
Coordinates: 51 ° 16 ′ 45 ″  N , 9 ° 3 ′ 58 ″  E
Height : 418  (325-475)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 18.85 km²
Residents : 784  (Oct. 2018)
Population density : 42 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1974
Postal code : 34513
Area code : 05634
Freienhagen from the north-west
Freienhagen from the north-west

Freienhagen is a district of the city of Waldeck in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district in northern Hesse (Germany).

geography

Freienhagen, which is located north of the core town of Waldeck in the Long Forest , lies on an east-facing hill spur and is flowed around or through by two source brooks of the Watter . It borders in the north on Dehringhausen , in the east on Ippinghausen and Landau , in the south on Netze and in the west on Sachsenhausen . The place is on the B 251 or on the Deutsche Fachwerkstrasse . The highest point at Freienhagen is at 475  m above sea level. NN the mountain "Stirn" located in the "Freienhagener Stadtwald" about 1.5 km southwest of the village on this main road.

history

Around 1231 the town charter was probably already granted, whereby the first documentary mention as Vrienhayn comes from the year 1253, here a Scultetus is mentioned as mayor and citizen of Freienhagen. However, it can be assumed that the place is much older. Various sources report that Charlemagne is said to have ordered a free court in Freienhagen; the first known documentary mention of the free court was only found in 1371, when half of it had to be handed over to the Landgraves of Hesse . The Freienhagener Freigericht met first on the "Schiebenscheid" (a hill near Sachsenhausen ) and later under the linden tree on the "Steinborn". It reached its greatest importance under the ex-counts Sigmund Manegold (1435-1455) and Johann Manhoff (1438-1458); even the Teutonic Order and the cities of Frankfurt and Cologne were quoted after Freienhagen.

Around 1368, Freienhagen came into the joint possession of the Archdiocese of Mainz and the Hessian Landgrave Heinrich II. The Landgrave and the Archbishop of Mainz Gerlach von Nassau occupied the city by force, probably also to gain influence on the then very respected Free Chair Freienhagen and its income. They dragged the old "Waldeck" city ​​wall that had become too narrow around the lower town and built a castle at the upper gate of the new, more spacious "Hessian" city wall to protect against Waldeck attacks that could only be successful from the direction of Sachsenhausen . The living space within the much more spacious new wall was almost twice as large as before. In 1369, Adolf von Itter was confirmed as hereditary castle husband by both parties. Around 1371, Freienhagen had a closed city wall with two city ​​gates . The old trade route from Cologne to Leipzig ran through the town .

In the later disputes between Hesse and Mainz, the town and castle fell entirely to Hesse. The Hessian landgraves gave the city to the Waldecker counts as a fief . Count Wolrad I. von Waldeck pledged the place to Kurt von Viermund in the 15th century , but redeemed this pledge in 1472. Presumably the Hessian sovereignty had already been lost by this time. Freienhagen was the seat of an office. In 1578 half of it went to the Landau office .

In 1947 the city, which was then very prosperous due to its abundance of wood, built a town hall, a sports field and an outdoor swimming pool right next to each other on the road to Dehringhausen .

With the regional reform in Hesse , Freienhagen, until then an independent city, became a district of the city of Waldeck on January 1, 1974 by means of state law.

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1738: 91 houses
• 1770: 120 houses
Freienhagen: Population from 1770 to 2018
year     Residents
1770
  
 700
1834
  
 912
1840
  
 938
1846
  
 993
1852
  
 936
1858
  
 956
1864
  
 914
1871
  
 844
1875
  
 813
1885
  
 831
1895
  
 815
1905
  
 755
1910
  
 718
1925
  
 719
1939
  
 671
1946
  
 982
1950
  
 962
1956
  
 851
1961
  
 837
1967
  
 826
2003
  
 964
2007
  
 875
2009
  
 850
2015
  
 789
2018
  
 785
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; City of Waldeck

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 815 Protestant (= 100.00%) residents
• 1961: 746 Protestant (= 89.13%), 89 Catholic (= 10.63%) residents

Prehistoric settlement

Traces of a prehistoric settlement were found on the " Hünenburg ", a 452  m high mountain in the "Freienhagener Stadtwald" around 2.2 km southwest of the village. About 1.5 km west of this is the cultural monument "Tanzplatz" ( 472  m above sea level ) north-northeast of Sachsenhausen .

Castle

A castle is first mentioned around 1354; it is said to have been a stone house secured with a moat on the western edge of the village. The Counts of Waldeck are named as builders . The landgraves of Hesse and the archbishops of Mainz were among the later owners . The castle was probably destroyed in a town fire in 1780; there are no remnants of it.

Wilhelmiter monastery

The Wilhelmite monks from 1411 to 1502 can be documented. They came from the Witzenhausen monastery and ran a small monastery that was presumably to the east of the church on the parish grounds. In a document from 1518 the monastery "Convent zom Frienhagen Sant Wilhelmsorden" is mentioned. They used the Freienhager town church as their convent church. Around 1527, after the Reformation was introduced by Count Philip IV in the County of Waldeck in 1526, it was probably lifted. The possessions, such as the apartment and gardens, were given to the Protestant parish (parish).

church

The church was first mentioned in 1270, but little is known about its origins. It is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and the apostles Peter and Paul . From 1411 until the Reformation was introduced in 1527, it was also used as the Wilhelmites' convent church, as the small convent did not have its own church. The tower is 30 meters high and has two meters thick walls, which suggests a former fortified church . In 1712 three floors hung with slate were added to the defensive walls and ended with a twisted onion dome. A similar "twisted coffee pot" can also be found in Landau . The nave is almost square and divided by three bays . The floor plan and construction are clearly comparable to those of a Westphalian Romanesque hall church .

Culture and sights

Townscape

The original Freienhagen is a relatively regular place, which is laid out on a main street, today's Kasselerstraße (the B 251 ), and two parallel back streets, the Nordstraße and the Südstraße, which are connected by alleys. Agriculture still shapes the place today.

Buildings

The fortified church built in the late Romanesque and Gothic style with a rare twisted onion dome ( twisted coffee pot ) as well as the many well-preserved, listed half-timbered houses and a mill in the upper valley of the Watter near or north of the village are worth seeing . The lower Wattermühle , built in 1717 by the Princes of Waldeck , received the Hessian Monument Protection Prize in 2008.

education

  • kindergarten

Personalities

  • Matthias Martinius (1572–1630), German theologian, born in Freienhagen
  • Georg F. Backhaus (* 1955), German agricultural scientist and President of the Julius Kühn Institute in Quedlinburg, born in Freienhagen
  • Justus Lippe (1840–1919), German farmer and politician, from 1886 to 1919 also mayor of Freienhagen, born in Freienhagen

literature

Web links

Commons : Freienhagen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b District Ober-Werbe. In: Internet presence. City of Waldeck, archived from the original on November 10, 2018 ; accessed in November 2018 .
  2. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck (GVBl. II 330-23) of October 4, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 359 , § 4 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 409 .
  4. ↑ a b c Freienhagen, Waldeck-Frankenberg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  5. ^ "Castle Freienhagen, District Waldeck-Frankenberg". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ↑ former Wilhelmite monastery Witzenhausen
  7. ^ "" Freienhagen, Wilhelmiten, district Waldeck-Frankenberg ", district Waldeck-Frankenberg". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  8. ^ History of the Wilhelmites in Freienhagen (PDF; 42 kB); J. Geldmacher
  9. ↑ L. Curtze : Geschichte des Fürstenthums Waldeck , p. 330, p. 653
  10. ^ Church of St. Peter and Paul (Protestant parish Freienhagen)
  11. ↑ Wattermühle near Freienhagen at www.denkmalpflege-hessen.de