Germershausen
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Germershausen
Community Rollshausen
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| Height : | 166 m |
| Residents : | 299 (Dec. 31, 2000) |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Postal code : | 37434 |
| Area code : | 05528 |
Germershausen is a place in the district of Göttingen in Lower Saxony .
geography
Germershausen is a place in the Untereichsfeld and belongs to the Gieboldehausen municipality . It is located in the Golden Mark about 16 km east of Göttingen and 7 km northwest of Duderstadt . Germershausen and the neighboring town of Rollshausen , about 2 km away, together form the municipality of Rollshausen. Other neighboring towns are Bernshausen in the west and Seulingen in the southwest.
The highest point in the area is the Rote Berg (206.8 m) south of the town. By Germershausen flowing muddy pool in which the northern outskirts the floodplain flows.
history
Germershausen was first mentioned in a document in 1013 . The mention comes from a document from King Heinrich II , which turned out to be a forgery. Germershausen is noted in this document as one of the oldest possessions of the Hildesheim Michaeliskloster . Germershausen owes its name to the first settler Gerimar (i.e. spear-famous), although mentions can also be found which bear the name Hausung des Gerward / Germar . In addition to the Michaeliskloster, the noblemen of Plesse , the landgraves of Hesse , those of Hagen, those of Wintzingerode and the Lippoldsberg monastery owned land in Germershausen.
The Engern are said to have lived here in the early Middle Ages . They belonged to the Saxons who settled east of the Weser and on both sides of the Leine . In the Carolingian era, the great Lisgau existed here (catchment area: Rhume with tributaries). The Saxon dukes and Brunswick princes have been lords of this area since the 9th century, in 1324 the Golden Marks came to Duderstadt and the Gieboldehausen office partially and from 1342 completely to the Electorate of Mainz .
The place belonged to the five Kespeldörfern of the city Duderstadt. The place was obliged to pay taxes before the Elector Albrecht of Mainz placed Germershausen under the jurisdiction of the Gieboldehausen office in 1525 . This happened through the support of the village in the peasant war . The farmers were barred from entering the village, but the citizens made a "covenant" with them and thus committed themselves to levy payments. In this way, the residents breathed and the farmers avoided the place. Only after the defeat of the peasant army near Frankenhausen on May 15, 1525 did the sovereign Cardinal Albrecht of Mainz commission Duke Heinrich the Younger to punish Duderstadt for his behavior in the peasant war. The result was, among other things, the withdrawal of five Kerspel villages from the sovereignty of Duderstadt. Nevertheless, Duderstadt was still entitled to duties and services from the villages. Germershausen suffered badly during the Thirty Years' War . The population sank to only 50 to 60 people by 1648.
Before the war, a Lady Chapel was built on a meadow on the outskirts, which contained a statue of Our Lady from the 15th century. In the course of the Counter Reformation , on the initiative of the archbishop's commissioner Herwig Böning, the chapel was converted into a place of pilgrimage to Mary. The construction of a pilgrimage church in 1710 also goes back to his endeavors, but it was demolished together with the Chapel of Mercy due to flood damage in 1887. The miraculous image of Mary in the meadow of the former chapel is located in the Church of the Annunciation, newly built in 1889. It is also the destination of several pilgrimages each year.
Under the Hildesheim bishop Eduard Jakob Wedekin, the Augustinian monastery in Germershausen was founded for the pastoral care of the pilgrims. The Augustinians ran a monastery school with boarding school on site from 1905 to 1970 , the rooms of which have been used by the Catholic educational institution St. Martin since 1972 . In 2019 the monastery was closed
politics
mayor
The honorary local mayor Claus Bode ( CDU ) was elected in November 2016.
Attractions
Church of the Annunciation
The pilgrimage church of the Annunciation was built after a major flood in 1886 that collapsed its previous Baroque building from 1710 and the even older Chapel of Grace. The laying of the foundation stone was celebrated in August 1887 , and its consecration took place on July 27, 1889 by Bishop Daniel Wilhelm Sommerwerck . It was built on a meadow plot according to plans by Hildesheim cathedral dean Anton Paasch. The church is a neo-Romanesque nave and two aisles, with blind arches and pilasters articulated basilica of red sandstone . The apse is held in a semicircular shape and the interior of the church is flat. Here you will find a rather simple interior and a light paint, which gives the church a sober impression. The 72 cm high miraculous image of Mary in the meadow is located in a side aisle and depicts the enthroned Mother of God with child. It dates from 1450 and was probably converted into a Pietà for pilgrimage purposes. Today's free dial has existed since 1958. Since November 1st, 2014 the church belongs to the parish of St. John the Baptist in Seulingen .
organ
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Disposition:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Super octave coupling: II / I
- 3 sequencers (tutti, mezzoforte, piano)
- Pneumatic tube action and stop action
- Calcant
Pilgrimage
The Germershausen pilgrimage saga
“One evening ago a shepherd saw a bright light shimmering from a hollow willow tree. Since his fear was greater than his curiosity, he dared not step closer. When he left his shepherd's hut at gray the next morning, his first walk was to the tree. And behold, he found in it a picture of the Mother of God with the baby Jesus. A chapel has now been built at the site and the statue of Our Lady has been placed in it. The picture soon enjoyed great veneration in the whole area. But since the Kapellenplatz lay in a low meadow, it happened that when the flood came in, the swollen Suhla flooded it to such an extent that the chapel suffered from the moisture, so the residents of Germershausen came up with the plan, on one higher located place in the village, which is still called “Kirchberg” today, to build a new, larger and more beautiful chapel. One began to drive stones and wood onto the hill intended for the new building. But the next morning the building material was again in the lowlands by the old chapel. People wondered about this and some expressed the assumption that they had been played a joke. Therefore, wood and stones were once again carried up the hill. But the next morning everything was back to where it was before. In order to discover the secret now, the building material was brought up the hill for the third time, and some courageous men decided to hide on the hill during the night and pay close attention to what was going on. The moon was behind the clouds and the whole sky was cloudy. Suddenly the sky brightened and the moon shone clear and lovely on the earth. Then a woman dressed in white strode across the building site and fastened a string to a stone. Then, with the ribbon in hand, she strode down the slope, and all the stones followed the first as if they were connected to it. The woman went to the place where the old chapel stood. Then she turned back and fetched the wood in the same way. Then she disappeared. The men had watched in amazement what the lovely apparition was doing. When the local residents heard of the strange process, they decided to build the new chapel at the place indicated by the Blessed Mother herself, which was then carried out immediately. "
The great pilgrimage
The miraculous image of Mary in the meadow , a seated Madonna , is carved from wood. Mary holds the scepter in her right hand and the baby Jesus in her left arm. The figure can be dated to the middle of the 15th century. It was probably initially a Pietà and was later reworked into its current state. The statue was probably erected and venerated in a chapel that existed before 1500. The statue was clothed until 1876. There is no historical evidence of a pilgrimage in the Middle Ages. The first message dates from a Germershausen church bill from 1678.
The Great Pilgrimage takes place annually on the 1st Sunday in July. Thousands of pilgrims from all directions then come together “in the meadow”, the park-like space around the pilgrimage church , at an open- air altar. The Germershausen pilgrimage to the Virgin Mary is looked after by the Augustinians , who have been represented in the small town of the Untereichsfeld with the Augustinian monastery in Germershausen since 1864 .
Other pilgrimages to Mary in the meadow are the
- Small pilgrimage: last Sunday in March
- Pilgrimage for women: 1st Sunday of May
- Men's pilgrimage: 1st Sunday in September
literature
- Leo Engelhardt and Bernd H. Siebert: Family book Bernshausen / Germershausen in the lower Eichsfeld (district of Göttingen), 1677 - approx. 1900. Leipzig: AMF 2015 (= Central German local family books of AMF 83)
- Marianne Jacoby: The Germershausen pilgrimage in the past and present. A contribution to popular piety on the Eichsfeld . Schmerse, Göttingen 1985. Zugl. Göttingen, Univ., Master's thesis. ISBN 3-926920-00-9
- Ernst Andreas Friedrich : The pilgrimage church in Germershausen , pp. 177-179, in: If stones could talk . Volume IV, Landbuch-Verlag, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-7842-0558-5
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johannes Broermann: End after 155 years. KirchenZeitung , August 22, 2019, accessed on August 23, 2019.
- ↑ Kuno Mahnkopf: Claus Bode is the new mayor. Göttinger Tageblatt, November 3, 2016, accessed on December 12, 2016 .