Goltsteinstrasse (Düsseldorf)

Goltsteinstrasse
Street in Düsseldorf
Basic data
place	Dusseldorf
District	City center
Created	after 1850
Connecting roads	Louise-Dumont Street
Cross streets	Jacobistraße, Bleichstraße
Places	Goltsteinparterre
use
User groups	Foot traffic , car traffic
Technical specifications
Street length	200 m

The Goltsteinstraße is a street in the Düsseldorf district of the city center . It is built on only one side, runs along the eastern court garden and the northern Düssel and is named after Johann Ludwig Franz von Goldstein .

location

Goltsteinstraße runs in an east-west direction from Jacobistraße to the corner of Bleichstraße, in its extension along the Hofgarten to the Goltsteinparterre at the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus . The Düssel runs parallel to the north side of the street and in the Hofgarten there is a lime tree avenue which is popularly known today as “Seufzerallee”.

history

Plan of the court garden, 1775 with Jägerhof Palace (I) as the point de vue of the main axis of the court garden (F) and lime tree avenue (E).

Schnitzler's city expansion plan east of today's Königsallee , 1841

Hofgarten around 1895, top right Goltsteinstraße on the Düsselkanal

Outside the fortress walls of Düsseldorf, in the east of the city, a rich garden landscape had developed in the course of the 16th century. The lands and courts of the dukes, who had ornamental and kitchen gardens laid out there, were in Pempelfort , which had already been granted to the city as an external guarantee when the city was raised in 1288.

Karl Theodor zu Pfalz-Sulzbach , elector of the Duchies of Jülich and Berg since 1742, issued numerous orders at the suggestion of his governor in Düsseldorf, Count Johann Ludwig Franz von Goldstein , to improve the situation in the city. In any case, the intention was to connect the Jägerhof Palace (now the Goethe Museum) , which was completed in 1765 and the seat of the chief hunter , to the city via an avenue. The courtyard garden, through which the Düssel flowed, stretched from Jägerhof Palace to the Landskrone Bastion and ended there in a swampy pond. In 1769, Johann Ludwig Franz von Goltstein, governor of Düsseldorf since 1768, had the eastern part of the old court garden laid out and the country roads starting from Düsseldorf built.

The Palatinate Garden Director Nicolas de Pigage was initially commissioned to beautify the residential city with a public promenade, for which purpose the old court garden between Ratinger Tor and Jägerhof Palace was to be used. In 1769 the renovation work began. In order to implement the plans according to which the courtyard garden was to end in a straight line after the large pond on the southern side, parts of the meadows on the Düssel (today Bleichstrasse / Goltsteinstrasse) had to be acquired. The Düssel was channeled and relocated to the southern edge of the area. In autumn 1770, the Düsselkanal on today's Goltsteinstrasse was completed. Hedges were planted and a wide, three-pronged, linden tree-lined avenue was created with a clear line of sight that led from Schloss Jägerhof to the pond. Two axes branched off at an acute angle to the side, thus forming a pate d'oie with the main axis , the figure of a goose foot. The northern junction later formed Jägerhofstrasse .

Pempelfort was still an area that was in itself and outside the old fortress. During the coalition wars, the city was occupied by French troops in 1796, who dug entrenchments in the Hofgarten and almost completely destroyed it in the process. From 1802, as a result of the provisions of the Treaty of Lunéville , the demolition of the fortifications began. Then large parts of the New Hofgarten, an "avenue outside the city", also called Pempelforter Promenade, and the "Hofgartenstrasse" were laid out. In 1804, the oldest part of the court garden was redesigned by Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe . This part has been preserved almost entirely in its form to this day. During this redesign, the southern axis of the Pate d'Oie in particular was reshaped according to the concept of the English landscape garden .

The area between the Düssel on the Goltsteinstrasse and the Flingersteinweg, today Schadowstrasse , was formerly largely used for bleaching . Along the Düssel there was a pheasant garden and the meadows of the court treasurers Beuth and Fran [c] ken.

In 1832, the building contractor and architect Anton Schnitzler , a student of Vagedes , acquired several pieces of land in the meadow belonging to the clerk Francken, the remnant of the Bleiche on the Düssel (today Bleichstrasse / Goltsteinstrasse) and in 1841 created a block of houses there, which later became Goltsteinstrasse. He also built the Friedrichsbad, which was completed in 1831, on the corner of Logengasse (the Logengasse no longer exists today). The built-up areas were expanded to Jacobistraße after 1850, and from 1860 onwards, funds were raised for the expansion of Goltsteinstraße.

Upper-class houses were built along Goltsteinstrasse. At this time, in the middle of the 19th century, the Goltstein, Jacobi, Jägerhof and the surrounding streets were among the preferred addresses of the middle class leadership in Düsseldorf and numerous artists. In some houses on the north side, studios were built, in which painters from the Düsseldorf School of Painting work and live behind mirrored windows . The painter Paul Klee had a furnished room on Goltsteinstrasse.

Development

Goltsteinstrasse looking towards Bleichstrasse, around 1925

Seufzerallee with the Düsselkanal and Goltsteinstrasse looking towards Jacobistrasse, around 1920

Orientation plan for Goltsteinstrasse with location, side streets and arrangement of house numbers from 1 to 30, from the Düsseldorf address book, around 1900

Detail from the city map around 1874

Goltsteinstrasse is exclusively built on the southern side of the street with a view of the Hofgarten. Many of the upper-class houses of the 19th century were destroyed by incendiary bombs in World War II , particularly in 1944 . Some houses are still preserved and are under monument protection .

In 1865 the street had 107 inhabitants and a lot of vacant lots; In 1882 there were already 221 residents with 30 houses.

At the time, Goltsteinstraße ran from Hofgartenstraße, at the beginning of which was Friedrichsbad , Goltsteinstraße No. 1. Between the bathhouse and house No. 2 was Victoriastraße (no longer existent), formerly Logengasse, where Joachim's loge had met since 1806 . Bleichstrasse was between house numbers 13 and 14. A meadow between Logengasse and Bleichstrasse belonged to a pastry chef who ran a dance hall here next to his pastry shop. On the corner property at Hofgartenstrasse 1, where Friedrichsbad was located, Franz Haniel had a two-story house built in 1892 based on designs by the Berlin architects Kayser & von Großheim . The houses on this part of the street, now along the back of the theater, no longer exist. In 1958, the choice for the location of the Düsseldorf theater on a rubble site on Goltsteinstrasse / Bleichstrasse, which was built there between 1965 and 1969 according to the plans of the Düsseldorf architect Bernhard Pfau . Numerous other blocks between Hofgartenstrasse and Bleichstrasse up to Martin-Luther-Platz had to give way and disappear with the construction of Jan-Wellem-Platz and the Hochstrasse, the so-called millipede , as part of the extensive renovation work in the city center (1954–1962) all from the city map, except for the so-called “Goltsteinparterre”.

Only a few buildings of the historical development on Goltsteinstrasse have survived, including:

• Goltsteinstraße 15/16 , architect Max Wöhler at Kayser & von Großheim , built in 1899, neo-Renaissance A 251
• Goltsteinstraße 18, architect Josef Krons , built in 1864, late classicism A 252
• Goltsteinstraße 19, architect Josef Krons , built in 1864, late classicism A 253
• Goltsteinstraße 20, architect Josef Krons , built in 1864, late classicism A 302
• Goltsteinstrasse 24–25, architect Max Wöhler at Kayser & von Großheim , built in 1906 A 285

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  later Goltsteinstrasse around 1840, Friedrichsbad on the left, behind it the palace of Count von der Groeben, painting by Caspar Scheuren

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  Franz Haniel's house on the corner of Hofgartenstrasse and Goltsteinstrasse on the Landskrone , 1909

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  Schnitzler's input plan for façades at Goltsteinstrasse No. 11/12, 1862/1863

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  Goltsteinstrasse No. 15/16, built in 1899

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  Systems on Goltsteinstrasse at the corner of Bleichstrasse, around 1900

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  Goltsteinstrasse No. 21 with the Neuhaus school boarding school, 1907

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  Goltsteinstrasse No. 23 with studio window, around 1900

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  Goltsteinstrasse No. 24 and 25, postcard around 1920

Goltstein ground floor and jewelry plant

Along the house-free side of Goltsteinstrasse, the grounds of the city gardener Heinrich Hillebrecht , under the management of garden director Walter von Engelhardt since 1906, have largely survived to this day. This includes the Goltsteinparterre (on the back of the theater) in the courtyard garden and an elongated ornamental complex between Goltsteinstrasse and the Düssel. The jewelry complex, which consists of a strip of lawn with ornamental beds, bushes and paths, has been dominated by four large baroque jewelry vases made of French sandstone since 1910 , copies of stone vases from the park of Versailles Palace , which the painter Georg Oeder donated and the sculptor Joseph Hammerschmidt created .

At the ends of the Goltsteinparterre there are two monuments, the bronze sculpture of the poet Karl Immermann by Clemens Buscher and the Gustaf Gründgens sculpture by Peter Rübsam made of white marble, which shows Gründgens in his role as Mephisto. In addition, the white marble bench with a cat by the sculptor Rudolf Bosselt , which Peter Behrens had created for the Great Horticultural Exhibition on the Rhine in 1904 and which the painter Oeder donated to the city, has been on this ground floor since 1905 .

Well-known residents and owners (selection)

• Corner of Hofgartenstrasse and Goltsteinstrasse no. 1: Friedrichsbad, built in 1831 (lifeguard Anton Becker was registered there in 1865); Franz Haniel's house, built in 1892
  • Querstraße: Victoriastraße (formerly Logengasse) - no longer exists
• House No. 2: Eduard Bendemann , painter and director of the art academy ; Friedhelm Haniel (1888–1838), painter
• House No. 3: Franz Haniel , councilor and entrepreneur in the coal and steel industry; SD Upper Section West of the SS Security Service from 1933 to 1945
• House number 7: Emil von Gahlen , entrepreneur
• House number 8: Ludwig Hammers , Mayor of Düsseldorf; Ferdinand Heye , entrepreneur and councilor, founder of Gerresheimer Glashütte
• House No. 9: Oswald Achenbach , painter; Benno von Achenbach , founder of the Achenbach driving course in equestrian sport; Owner after 1925 Georg van Meeteren, bank director (father of Udo van Meeteren )
• House No. 10: Richard Heimendahl, manufacturer; Office of the staff of the 27th Infantry Brigade under Major General Adolph Carl Julius von Dorpowski; Widow Alfred Rethel
• House No. 11/12: Heinrich Steinmetz (1835–1915), Prussian politician (DRP) and administrative officer; Ernst Matthes (1848–1906), manufacturer of a cotton mill; Viktor Helander (1839–1901), genre painter and Swedish-Norwegian Kosul
• House No. 13: Albert Arnz , painter; around 1935 the office of Justizrat Stephan Cohen-Altmann (1861–1941)
  • Cross street: Bleichstrasse
• House No. 14: Joseph or Nikolaus Heydendahl , painter and picture dealer (both were also named as managing directors of the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf )
• House No. 15/16: Owner Hermann Nicolaus von Wätjen (1851–1911), manor owner , city councilor, government councilor in Düsseldorf
• House no. 17: Louis Kniffler , merchant and Prussian consul with the branch of the Japanese trading house in house no. 15; Ernst Edens , internist and cardiologist.
• House No. 18: Albert Kindler , painter; Franz Brentano , painter; Theodor Rocholl , painter; Thilo Schneider, architect; Peter Behrens , painter; Gustav Wendling , painter
• House No. 19: Eduard Bausch (1826–1893), owner of the Elefanten Pharmacy and member of parliament
• House no.20: Josef Korns, master builder and architect, also owned a house on Bleichstrasse no.5
• House No. 21: Andreas Dirks , painter; Girls' school and daughter boarding school Ida Keller; Girls' school and boarding school Anna Neuhaus
• House No. 22: Eduard Ireland , painter; Wilhelm Simmler , painter; Moritz Ulffers , painter and lithographer
• House No. 23: Emmerich Raitz von Frentz , Royal Prussian Chamberlain, Rittmeister, Castle Captain von Benrath and from 1838 to 1863 District Administrator of the Düsseldorf District; from approx. 1882 owner Karl Rudolf Sohn , painter with family, including the painters Alfred , Otto and Karli Sohn-Rethel ; 1925/1926 Ludwig Strauss , dramaturge; around 1940 Werner Heuser , painter
• House No. 24: Richard Hasenclever , writer, medical adviser, co-founder of the Old Catholic Movement and member of the Reichstag; Sophie Hasenclever , poet and translator; Maria Süs , painter; August Wittig , sculptor; Hermann Schmiechen , painter
• House No. 25: Max Hünten , painter; Albert Bogislav Lüdecke , painter; August Wittig , sculptor
• House No. 26: Roth von Schreckenstein , Chamberlain; August von Wille , painter; Friedrich Wilhelm Fabarius , painter
• House No. 27: August Haniel (1852–1925), industrialist and engineer, chairman of the supervisory board of Gutehoffnungshütte in Oberhausen
• House number 29: Benjamin Vautier , painter

Resident of Goltsteinstrasse in 1865

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literature

• Otto Reinhard Redlich, Friedrich Hillebrecht and Wesener: The Hofgarten in Düsseldorf and the Schlosspark in Benrath , Düsseldorfer Geschichts-Verein, 1893
• Karl Bone: Düsseldorf and its surroundings , Städtebilderverlag, 1890, p. 26, p. 40
• Achim Rötung (landscape architect): Kö-Bogen 2.BA. Garden monument preservation specialist contribution to the design of the surrounding area in the connection area Hofgarten (within the framework of the development plan no. 5477/125) , on behalf of the state capital Düsseldorf, represented by the garden, cemetery and forest office, April 2011

Web links

Commons : Goltsteinstraße  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Resident of Goltsteinstrasse, 1865 , in the address book of the Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf for 1865
• Resident of Goltsteinstrasse, 1882 , in the address book of the Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf for 1882
• Resident of Goltsteinstrasse, 1887 , in the address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf for 1887
• Resident of Goltsteinstrasse, 1903 , in the address book of the Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf for 1903
• Dieter Jaeger: Hofgartenpalast Goltsteinstrasse , on Geschichtswerkstatt Düsseldorf eV, blog from September 6, 2011, accessed on February 14, 2016

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Goltsteinstraße was named after Johann Ludwig Franz von Goltstein
2. ↑ The Hofgarten in Düsseldorf and the Schlosspark in Benrath, p. 3
3. ^ Advertisement of a theft in the Hofgarten in Bleiche, dated October 17, 1795
4. ↑ Pheasant garden in Gülich and Bergische weekly news, Düsseldorf, No. 32, 1777
5. ^ The Friedrichsbad, Goltsteinstrasse / corner of Victoriastrasse, Düsseldorf  in the German Digital Library
6. ↑ Expansion of the built-up area: Goltsteinstraße after the fourth decade of the 19th century, in a report on the status and administration of the town's community affairs for the period from April 1, 1899 to March 31, 1900 , the extent of the urban area. P. 3
7. ↑ Goltsteinstrasse was not mentioned in the listing of the streets and squares in 1850 , in the housing gazette and address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, 1850
8. ↑ Report on the status and administration of community affairs in the city for the period from April 1, 1899 to March 31, 1900, p. 18
9. ^ Peter Hüttenberger : The development towards the big city. In: Hugo Weidenhaupt (Ed.): Düsseldorf, History from the Origins to the 20th Century Volume 2 . Patmos, Düsseldorf 1988, ISBN 3-491-34221-X , p. 510.
10. ↑ Illustration: The eastern part of Seufzerallee after the bombing on September 23, 1944. On the left the ruins of the paint box.
11. ↑ Proof of every single numbered house in the urban development and expansion: Goltsteinstrasse , in the address book of the Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf, July 1865
12. ↑ Directory: Number of residents, houses and religion , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf for 1882
13. ^ Badeanstalt: Friedrichsbad , in the address book of the Lord Mayor of Düsseldorf 1887
14. ↑ Four jewelry vases , website in the emuseum.duesseldorf.de portal , accessed on February 16, 2016
15. ↑ Benches: Professor Oeder has given the city two marble benches, "Cat and Dog", made for the exhibition by the sculptor Bosselt. They were set up in the Goltsteinstrasse jewelry plant. , in Report on the State and Administration of Community Affairs in the City for the Period April 1, 1904 to March 31, 1905. Special Section. III. Caring for economic life
16. ↑ Tour through the Hofgarten: Goltsteinparterre , Stadt Düsseldorf, Gartenamt, accessed on February 14, 2016
17. ↑ Three new godparents for urban fountains and monuments. Pushkin memorial, Gröne Jong and 'marble bench with cats' under special care ( memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). Press release of the state capital Düsseldorf from December 10, 2012 on the duesseldorf.de portal , accessed on February 14, 2016
18. ↑ Bendemann, Eduard, director of the Königl. Art Academy, Goltsteinstr. 2 , in the address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, 1865, p. 9
19. ↑ Haniel, Friedhelm (1888-1938), painter , in Die Nordrhein-Westfälische Bibliographie, accessed on July 2, 2016
20. ↑ Ferdinand Heye , source address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, 1889
21. ↑ Goltsteinstrasse 9, E van meters, G., bank director , in address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1927, p. 101
22. ^ Van Meeteren, Georg, Kaufmann, Goltsteinstr. 9 , address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1929, p. 353
23. ^ Office of the staff of the 27th Infantry Brigade, Goltsteinstrasse 10 , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf, II. Public Authorities, from April 1, 1867
24. ↑ Adolph Carl Julius von Dorpowski, major general and commander of the 27th Infantry Brigade since October 30, 1866 , at wiki-de.genealogy.net, accessed on February 15, 2015
25. ^ Heinrich Steinmetz, Goltsteinstrasse. 12 , in the address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf for 1873
26. ^ Albert Arnz, Goltsteinstrasse 13 , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf, 1865
27. ^ Cohen-Altmann, Stefan, judicial advisor, lawyer, Goltsteinstr. 13U , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1935
28. ^ Heydendahl, picture dealer, Goltsteinstraße 14 , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf, 1867
29. ↑ Ernst Edens, Goltsteinstrasse. 17 , in the course catalog and timetable, summer semester 1932
30. ^ Albert Kindler, Goltsteinstrasse. 18 , address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, 1865
31. ^ Brentano, Franz, painter, Goltsteinstr. 18 , in the addendum to the address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, 1877
32. ^ Rocholl, Theodor, painter, Goltsteinstrasse. 18 , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf for the year 1886, p. 164
33. ↑ Goltsteinstrasse. 18: Kindler, Albert, Wwe. Owner; Behrens, Peter, painter; Wendling, Gustav, painter; Schneider, Thilo, Architekt , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf for the year 1897, p. 576
34. ↑ Gustav Wendling, Goltsteinstrasse. 18 , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf for 1901
35. ^ Ida Keller , in the address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, for 1883
36. ^ Anna Neuhaus , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf, for the year 1896
37. ^ Moritz Ulffers, painter, Goltsteinstr. 22 , in the address book of the Lord Mayor of Düsseldorf, 1865
38. ^ Raitz von Frentz, EA, Chamberlain a. District Administrator a. D. Goltsteinstrasse 23
39. ^ Son, painter (owner), Goltsteinstrasse 23 , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf, 1882
40. ↑ Goltsteinstraße 23, E Sohn, Karl, Witwe, U1 Strauss, Ludwig, Dramaturg , in address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1926, p. 99
41. ↑ Goltsteinstrasse 23, Heuser, Werner, Prof., painter, 1. u. 2. , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1940, p. 163
42. ↑ Süs, Maria, painter, now Goltsteinstr. 24, in the address book of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf 1878 addendum ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
43. ^ Schmiechen, Maler, Goltsteinstrasse 24 , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf for 1882
44. ^ The house where Benjamin Vautier died , in Guide to Düsseldorf am Rhein, its surroundings and the Bergisches Land, Düsseldorfer Verl.-Anst., 1900, p. 76
45. ↑ PDF

Coordinates: 51 ° 13 '43.2 "  N , 6 ° 47' 8.7"  E