High school Nepomucenum Coesfeld

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Nepomucenum high school
logo
type of school high school
School number 168130
founding 1627 as a Jesuit college
address

Holtwicker Strasse 8,
48653 Coesfeld

place Coesfeld
country North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
Coordinates 51 ° 57 '2 "  N , 7 ° 10' 5"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 57 '2 "  N , 7 ° 10' 5"  E
carrier City of Coesfeld
student about 900
Teachers about 65
management Angela Bülo
Website www.nepomucenum.de

The municipal high school Nepomucenum was founded in 1627 by Jesuits . In August 2014, around 850 students are being taught by 70 teachers (including trainee teachers). This makes the Nepomucenum the largest grammar school in the city, ahead of the municipal Heriburg grammar school Coesfeld and the episcopal St. Pius grammar school Coesfeld . The namesake is St. John Nepomuk , among other things the patron of the confessional secret. The school director is Angela Bülo.

history

Foundation and flowering

The establishment of a grammar school in Coesfeld was a targeted measure of the Counter Reformation . The initiative came from the Jesuit priest Johannes Steill, who first appeared in the city's annals in 1621. At the time of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) there was great indifference to the inherited faith in the traditionally Catholic Coesfeld, which expressed itself in a great interest in newer views (especially Calvinism ). A hundred years earlier, Coesfeld was strongly influenced by the Anabaptist movement and the Munster Anabaptist Empire .

In the history of the city it is reported: "According to the name Coesfeld was Catholic, the spirit had long since turned its back on the faith, on whose priests a need for validity and greed shone, but from which the worship and pastoral care were neglected." Responsible for the city At that time Coesfeld was Elector Ferdinand of Cologne , Prince-Bishop of Münster, who counted the city among the "non-Catholic and infected places". As part of the Counter Reformation , he sent Jesuits to individual cities to monitor unsuitable clergy there. A Jesuit student himself, he hoped that the order would win back numerous people who wavered in their faith.

Johannes Steill was sent to the city by the Elector in 1621 and introduced as Rector of St. Lamberti. Through strong commitment and extensive experience, he was able to win over large parts of the population by 1626 and consider the formal introduction of his order in Coesfeld.

Encouraged by benevolent circles of the population and supported by Elector Ferdinand, he submitted an expert opinion to the city council in 1627 as a decision-making aid for the establishment of a college. There was strong resistance to a Jesuit college, especially through the Capuchins , who themselves established a branch in Coesfeld in 1627 and had allies in the city council with the two mayors and the two city treasurers. Steill was able to win over the majority of the council, and the establishment of the college was promised for autumn 1627.

In the following period there were financing problems, as both the order and the city exercised restraint. The state government imposed charges on the communities for the Jesuits, some of which were collected by force and seizure.

On November 9, 1627, classes began in a house rented by the council on Kronenstrasse. The main focus of the lesson comes from excerpts from the school books of the time: “Few pages with religious teachings, a few with geographical, historical and related news; then a part with Greek language teaching, but by far the largest with the rules of the Latin language and instructions for rhetoric imprinted ”. The high school's reputation soon spread to Holland , and in a short time the number of students rose to 400, including non-Catholics.

Despite the occupation of Coesfeld by the Hessians (1633–1651), during which the Jesuits were temporarily expelled from the city and the grammar school was closed, the grammar school flourished. So from 1664 a neat building for the Jesuit college was erected, which was completed in 1670. For the construction project, in which a Jesuit church was built from 1672 to 1694 , 17 residential houses and 4 outbuildings had to be demolished, which meant a considerable change in the structure of the city.

The heyday of the city and the school would last until around the middle of the 18th century.

Dissolution of the Jesuit order and secularization

In the middle of the 18th century, the economic situation of Coesfeld and the order of the Jesuits was bad. In 1773 the order was dissolved , which raised the question of the future of the school. Emperor Joseph II decided that the facilities and property of the school, teaching and preaching positions of the Jesuits should continue to be used. A commission appointed by the emperor confiscated the school in the same year.

The number of pupils decreased and the school fell into decline, which could not be stopped when the Franciscans continued teaching from 1782.

The situation worsened when in 1803, as a result of the Lunéville Peace, the diocese was secularized and the Horstmar office , to which Coesfeld still belonged at that time, fell to the House of the Wild and Rhine Counts. The Rheingrafen family moved to Varlar Castle near Rosendahl in 1803 , and in 1810 they moved to the Jesuit college.

Despite strong opposition from the school and the city, they still lost part of the remaining Jesuit properties, and the college had to be evacuated. In return, the Rheingrafen paid the salaries of the two remaining teachers, who taught the fifteen students from 1813 in their private apartments.

In the same year Coesfeld was provisionally subordinate to the Prussian civil government. Two years later it finally became Prussian. In 1814 the school was given two new classrooms in the Stoltering House. The school became a Progymnasium , teaching eighteen students in three classes. In 1821 the first secular philologist, Christoph Marx, joined the college.

In 1828 there was a significant improvement in teaching conditions when the government bought the former Cistercian convent Marienborn and made it available to the school. On August 23, the provincial school council of Münster upgraded the Progymnasium to a full grammar school and gave it the right to “discharge its students to university through the legal high school diploma”. With the promotion to full high school on October 20, the appointment of the first school director was accompanied: Bernhard Sökeland , a philologist and historian, was to become one of the most famous personalities in the city.

The "Royal Prussian Gymnasium"

The appointment to the full high school ushered in a new heyday for the school. The school's popularity increased, and by 1886 the number of students had risen to over 200. Although physical exercises were only counted as a “necessary and indispensable part of high school education” in 1844, the school received Coesfeld's first sports field as early as 1831.

From 1869 the school was called “Gymnasium Nepomucenianum”, but only until 1897. At the turn of the century - lessons were now held in thirteen classes - it became apparent that the building's possibilities were reaching their limits. It was decided to erect a new building on the old property on Kupferstrasse and Poststrasse. Construction began in 1914. At the same time the high school building and the gymnasium were occupied by German troops, but lessons took place anyway.

The new building was occupied on September 13, 1917, but the official inauguration did not take place until October 21, 1918.

In the post-war years, only secondary school classes were given. The hope that a full secondary school branch would be connected to the grammar school was not fulfilled. In 1927 the school was elevated to a full institution. 484 students were taught in fifteen classes.

The Third Reich and the Post-War Years

The high school was not spared the upheavals after 1933. On July 4, 1937, it was converted into a "State High School for Boys". There were numerous appointments within the college. In the same year a new gym was built and the old one was demolished.

From 1938 the girls' advanced school was called the “Heriburg School”. With the beginning of the Second World War , the building was first used as a military hospital, then as an alternative hospital for the city of Gelsenkirchen . The lessons at the Heriburg School took place in the high school for boys.

In the last years of the Second World War, teaching at the secondary school was severely restricted. Most of the primary school students were recalled for military service, but received the so-called maturity note when they were drafted , which entitles them to study at university. From 1943 the secondary students were deployed as air force helpers at Mecklenbeck and Gimbte , but continued to be taught by the teachers of the high school. The school cellars were set up as makeshift air raid shelters in which the students could seek shelter.

With the start of the bombing raids on Coesfeld, the situation for the school worsened. In March 1945 the school building and the gymnasium were badly hit and lessons became impossible. In May, some teachers and students of the grammar school began to retrieve the school's remaining inventory in the poorly restored library. Gradually it became clear that lessons in the school building could not be expected for years to come.

To make matters worse, there was a flood disaster in Coesfeld on March 8, 1946. The water was about three feet high on the school property. Important scientific equipment that had been brought into the basement to protect against looters was destroyed. At the same time, parents and teachers urged them to resume classes. The Heriburg School building was the only one in town that was still suitable for teaching, which was resumed on April 2nd. In addition to the Heriburg school and high school for boys, the vocational school, middle school and adult education center were also housed there.

In the first few years in particular, the teaching conditions were hardly sufficient. There was a great shortage of school books and materials, and the number of lessons was severely limited.

Due to the return of war refugees and displaced persons from the eastern regions, the number of pupils increased with the population of Coesfeld. By 1949, despite the poor circumstances, a new language, a mathematical-scientific and a household branch developed in addition to the old-language branch. 470 students were taught in sixteen classes. Since the other schools housed in the Heriburgschule building slowly grew back to pre-war conditions, the need for space became more and more urgent. The reconstruction of the grammar school had already been approved in 1946, but had not yet been completed. It was not until the currency reform in 1948 that the necessary conditions for the start of construction work were created.

On August 23, 1949, the first rooms were largely completed, so that ten classes could be taught there again for the first time. A large topping-out ceremony took place on January 28, 1950, although large parts of the building were not yet completed. The last work was not finished until almost ten years after the building was destroyed by bombing.

In 1954 the so-called "Association of Friends of the Municipal High School Nepomucenum eV" was brought into being. This association, which currently (as of the end of 2004) has 300 members, has set itself the task of improving school equipment and supporting school projects. If required, the association also supports low-income students to promote their school career.

On January 1, 1974, the state government gave the school to the city; the state high school became a municipal one. This happened against the resistance of the city, which in addition to the lost reputation - two state schools in a city the size of Coesfeld was almost unique then as now - also concerned with the issue of maintenance. After long deliberations in the college, it was agreed that the “St. Nepomuk-Schule "called Gymnasium with a view to its history" Gymnasium Nepomucenum ".

In the summer of 1977, the first Abitur was taken according to the model of the differentiated upper level , according to which lessons are taught in the course and no longer in class. In August of the same year, the grammar school moved into the school center built by the state government on Holtwicker Strasse, where it is still based today. The school center still includes a secondary school, an extended secondary school, two triple gyms, an indoor swimming pool and outdoor sports facilities.

In August 1982, co-education at the Nepomucenum grammar school was introduced at the same time as the Heriburg grammar school. Since then, boys and girls have been taught together.

present

Nepomucenum high school

Today the Nepomucenum is the largest grammar school in the city. There is a close partnership with the nearby Heriburg-Gymnasium, with which a large number of "co-op courses" have been held for many years. H. Subjects in which students from both schools are taught together.

There are also ongoing cultural, social, sporting and scientific projects in which pupils, under the guidance of teachers, for example, perform plays or take part in certain national or international competitions. At the city level, the school is involved in various community projects.

In 2010, the Nepomucenum was awarded the “Good Healthy School” school development prize for its special commitment.

In 2011 the Nepomucenum received the "Individual Support Seal of Approval"

In 2012 the Nepomucenum was named the School of the Future

In 2013 the Nepomucenum was recognized as a MINT high school and included in the MINT-EC. Since then, there has been a MINT advanced course in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and computer science, depending on the choices made by the students.

At the beginning of the 2011/12 school year, the Nepomucenum grammar school started operations as the first and only full-day grammar school in Coesfeld.

chronology

  • November 9, 1627: The Nepomucenum grammar school is founded at the instigation of the Jesuit father Johannes Steill. The language of instruction is Latin.
  • 1773: The Jesuit order is dissolved. The grammar school is subordinate to the Prince-Bishop of Münster. The school is in decline.
  • 1782: Teaching is transferred to the Franciscan order .
  • 1803: Secularization of the Principality of Münster as a result of the provisions of the Lunéville Peace . The house of the Wild and Rhine Counts of Dhaun and Kyrburg takes control of the city.
  • 1813: Classes take place in the teachers' private apartments. The number of students is 15.
  • 1814–15: Coesfeld becomes part of the Kingdom of Prussia. The school has 2 classrooms in the stoltering house. The school is run as a Progymnasium with 18 students in three classes.
  • 1828: The Progymnasium Nepomucenum becomes the "Royal Prussian Gymnasium", and thus the second full gymnasium in the administrative district. The school moves to the former Cistercian convent Marienborn. The number of students is increased to 92 students in 6 classes. Bernhard Sökeland becomes the first director of the school.
  • 1831: The school receives its first sports field, although physical exercise was only declared a necessary part of high school education in 1844. A bathing establishment followed in 1846, and a gymnasium in 1878.
  • 1869: The grammar school is called "Gymnasium Nepomucenianum".
  • August 1914: The school building and gym are occupied with troops for a long time. The lessons continue to take place.
  • 1917: In view of the growing number of students and increasing demands, the school moves to a new building on Kupferstrasse.
  • 1927: The school is declared a large full establishment. 484 students are taught in 15 classes.
  • 1937: Under the National Socialist government, the grammar school is converted into a "State High School for Boys". At the same time, there has been a recognized secondary school for girls since 1926, which from 1938 is called the “Heriburg School”.
  • 1939: Shortly after the start of the Second World War, the premises of the Heriburg School are confiscated for the purpose of building a military hospital. The lessons are temporarily moved to the “Oberschule für Junge” (high school for boys).
  • March 1945: Bombing raids on Coesfeld. The school building and the gym are destroyed.
  • February 8, 1946: Coesfeld is hit by a serious flood disaster. The school grounds are about one meter under water. Valuable scientific equipment that was stored in the basement to protect it from looters is destroyed.
  • Easter 1946: The Heriburg School building is largely undamaged. The lessons of the Oberschule for boys take place together with that of several other schools in the Heriburg School. The teaching time is greatly reduced. In addition to the old language, there is now also a new language, a mathematical-scientific and a home economics lesson.
  • 1949: With the return of refugees and war displaced persons, the number of students increases steadily. In 1949 part of the new school building was completed, ten classes will be taught again from 23 August.
  • 1954: The "Association of Friends of the Municipal High School Nepomucenum Coesfeld eV" is founded.
  • 1974: The state grammar school becomes the responsibility of the city. After detailed discussions, an agreement was reached on the old name “Gymnasium Nepomucenum”.
  • 1977: Reform of the upper school. Pupils take the first Abitur according to the differentiated upper level, the upper level lessons take place in the course instead of in class. In August the school will move into a wing of the new school center on Holtwicker Straße.
  • September 1978: The school celebrates its 350th anniversary. The specialist computer science will be introduced at the school.
  • August 1982: Introduction of co-education , girls and boys are taught together for the first time.
  • 2002: Celebration of the 375th anniversary, introduction of the new school logo.
  • 2011: The Nepomucenum becomes Coesfeld's first and only grammar school for a full day.
  • 2012: was the story of the founding of the Nepomucenum by Josef Vennes in his 5th history play Zwei Orden für Coesfeld

described and played in several performances under the direction of Erika Benson at the historic Powder Tower.

  • 2012: Celebration of the Alumni Association for its 385th anniversary.

Furnishing

The Nepomucenum has numerous specialist rooms with a wide range of equipment for students.

There are u. a. two IT rooms with a total of forty-six workstations. Interested students are responsible for looking after and maintaining the network. In 2013 an advanced course in computer science was established for the first time. On the roof of the Nepomucenum there is an observatory that is used for astrophysics. The school also has a media and work center (MAZ) in which, in addition to a library, students can also use numerous computers equipped with learning software and internet access to complete tasks, create presentations for the classroom or conduct research. The MAZ is supervised by both parents and students and is constantly being expanded.

In the school there is an old Jesuit library, which was separated from the teaching library after the move to Holtwicker Straße, with over 20,000 monographs and periodicals. The more valuable pieces include B. a Virgil edition from 1492.

There is also the partially preserved Sökeland collection, which was built up by the first school director Bernhard Sökeland . It mainly contains mineralogical-geological pieces, many of which come from the stone layers of the tree mountains. Sökeland's merits include building a herbarium, building a coin collection and founding the teacher's library. This collection was handed over to the Coesfeld City Museum for care.

The logo of the all-day high school Nepomucenum consists of a stylized bridge in front of the letter N. The N stands for the first letter of the school name. The characters in the letter are an excerpt from the school's charter. The bridge in front of the N is an allusion to St. Nepomuk as the bridge saint. It is done in red and yellow, the colors of the Jesuits who founded the school in 1627. The upper bar of the bridge goes up slightly, which is supposed to symbolize climbing or success.

logo

Personalities

school-building

  • Approx. 1197 First lessons in the parish school, later in the city school, St. Lamberti. The language of instruction was Latin.
  • Approx. 1500 A second school building was built at the parish of St. Lamberti.
  • 1627 After the approval of the establishment of a college, the Jesuits gave high school lessons in a house rented by the council on Kronenstrasse.
  • 1670 Part of the lessons were given in the rooms of the new Jesuit college.
  • 1696 Rector Caspar Hulsmann resigned from his office, gave the Jesuit College 200 thalers on the festive occasion and decreed that the interest should be used to expand the school library.
  • 1707 A handwritten catalog from 1707 already lists 2042 volumes in the school library.
  • 1725 The new Jesuit high school building was completed.
  • 1810 The building was partially used by the Rheingrafen zu Salm-Horstmar, whose family moved from Varlar Castle to the city.
  • 1813 All classes now took place in the teachers' private apartments.
  • 1814 The grammar school moved to the Stoltering House, formerly the Beguinenhaus.
  • 1828 The Royal Prussian Gymnasium received the building of the former Marienborn monastery.
  • 1917 The new building was completed.
  • 1937 Construction of a new gym, the old one was demolished.
  • 1945 The high school is largely destroyed by bombs.
  • 1946 Classes took place in the girls' advanced school (Heriburg).
  • 1949 The high school building was rebuilt and most of the lessons took place again.
  • 1977 The Nepomucenum moved into a wing of the expanded school center on Holtwicker Straße after the planning phase in the 1960s also discussed the property of the later Office for Land Consolidation and Settlement on Leisweg or the Crone factory site (later the city library) on Walkenbrückenstraße.

literature

Monographs

  • Johannes Boedeker: From the Coesfeld high school in the years 1773-1828. Coesfeld 1917.
  • Fred Hertz: 446 years and 10 days. from the English by Hildegard Banneyer and Georg Möllers. achterland Verlags Compagnie, 2005. (Fred Hertz was a Jewish student at the Nepomucenum. In his book written for his children, Hertz describes the situation in Coesfeld in the so-called Third Reich from the perspective of a Jewish student)
  • Christoph Marx: History of the high school in Coesfeld. Coesfeld 1829.
  • Otto Neumüller: 300 years of the Coesfeld high school. In: Otto Neumüllers (Ed.): The Gymnasium Nepomucenum zu Coesfeld. 1627-1828-1928. Festschrift, on behalf of the teaching staff. Self-published, Coesfeld 1928.
  • Bernhard Sökeland : History of the city of Coesfeld. Coesfeld 1839.
  • Hermann Wolters: From the building history of the new grammar school. In: Otto Neumüllers (Ed.): The Gymnasium Nepomucenum zu Coesfeld. 1627-1828-1928. Festschrift, on behalf of the teaching staff. Self-published, Coesfeld 1928.

Periodicals

  • Bernhard Kewitz, Ulrich Marwedel, u. a. (Ed.): Annual reports. New episode. Coesfeld from 1976.
  • School magazine Splitter , published in the sixties, zero number in December 1964, imprint , supra-regional attention through a ban on the Our Father satire ( Our Capital ) and reporting in WDR 2 with live broadcast from the teacher's room due to the recently changed legal situation in North Rhine-Westphalia
  • School newspaper Koma. appeared in offset printing in the seventies
  • Sir.Nepolitan online school newspaper, first issue December 2008.

Web links

Commons : Gymnasium Nepomucenum Coesfeld  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Burlage: The Jesuit Church in Coesfeld . In: The Gymnasium Nepomucenum zu Coesfeld. 1627-1828-1928 . Festschrift, on behalf of the teaching staff. Self-published, Coesfeld 1928.
  2. ↑ a b History of the library of the grammar school since 1627
  3. ↑ AZ Coesfeld: Kommunales Kino celebrates its 45th birthday with the film “The maturity test” “Panic times” cause turmoil , November 14, 2017, saved as a memento
  4. ↑ School magazine Splitter , issue 1/1965, page 11
  5. ↑ School magazine Splitter: [1] , issue 1/1965, page 18, column 3 below, downloaded on June 25, 2019