Huashan rock art

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Rock paintings of the cultural landscape at the Hua Shan and the Zuo Jiang rivers
UNESCO world heritage UNESCO World Heritage Emblem

Rock painting hua mountain 1.jpg
Rock paintings in Ningming County
National territory: China
Type: Culture
Criteria : (iii) (vi)
Surface: 6621 ha
Buffer zone: 12149 ha
Reference No .: 1508
UNESCO region : Asia and Pacific
History of enrollment
Enrollment: 2016  ( session 40 )

The Huashan rock art or rock carvings on the Huashan (Hua Mountain) ( Huāshān yánhuà花山 岩画 or Huāshān yá bìhuà花 山崖 壁画) are rock art in China from the Warring States' period to the Eastern Han Dynasty (approx. 500 BC. to 200 n. Chr.) in 2016 were 38 sites with this rock art by the UNESCO as a world heritage site in the UNESCO world heritage added.

location

The rock carvings are placed on steep limestone walls on the banks of the Zuo Jiang左 江River and its tributary Ming Jiang at a height of 30 and 90 meters above the valley floor. You are close to the Vietnamese border in the area of prefecture-level city Chongzuo Autonomous Region Guangxi the Zhuang in the People's Republic of China . They extend over the Zhuang-inhabited area of Pingxiang , Longzhou , Ningming , Daxin , Tiandeng and Fusui .

description

The rock art is painted in a red color based on red ocher on the rock walls. There are depictions of people, animals, utensils and weapons. Pictures of people are typically about 60 to 150 cm high, a figure is even 3 meters high.

Among other things, there are depictions on which (bronze) kettle gongs (tónggǔ 铜鼓, " bronze drums ") and bronze gongs (铜锣 / 銅鑼 tóngluó) can be seen, which testifies to their use by the Luo Yue (also called Lạc Việt ), an ethnic group of the Yue , who at that time inhabited the area of ​​the Zuo Jiang and are considered the ancestors of today's Zhuang nationality.

The largest collection of rock art is in Ningming County on a 170 long and 40 m high area of ​​a rock wall. There are around 1900 individual images, which are grouped into around 110 groups. The Huashan rock art in Ningming County has been on the List of Monuments of the People's Republic of China (3-165) since 1988 and can be viewed by boat tours from the river.

The Museum of the Zhuang Nationality in Chongzuo (崇左 壮族 博物馆) presents the history and meaning of the rock carvings on Huashan in a permanent exhibition.

World Heritage

Rock paintings of the cultural landscape on the Hua Shan and the Zuo Jiang River were entered in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites as a cultural heritage site in 2016 based on a resolution of the 40th session of the World Heritage Committee.

The entry was made on the basis of criteria (iii) and (iv).

(iii): The cultural landscape of the Huashan rock art at Zuo Jiang with its special combination of landscape and rock art vividly conveys the lively spiritual and social life of the Luoyue, who lived from the 5th century BC. Lived on the Zuo Jiang River until the 2nd century AD. It is now the only witness to this tradition.

(iv): The Huashan rock carvings on Zuo Jiang, depicting drums and similar elements, are symbolic records that are directly associated with the bronze drum culture that was once widespread in the region. Bronze drums are still considered symbols of power in southern China today.

The world heritage site consists of three separate areas with a total of 38 rock art sites. These cover a total of 6,621.6 ha ha and are each surrounded by buffer zones that have a total area of ​​12,149.01 ha. The total area is thus 18,770.61 hectares.

Ref.No. location flow Sites Protection area Buffer zone total area
1508-001 Circles Ningming and Longzhou in Chongzuo
( geographic coordinates )
Ming Jiang 4th 1,628.83 hectares 2,725.37 ha 4,354.20 hectares
1508-002 Longzhou District in Chongzuo
( geographic coordinates )
Zuo Jiang 16 2,506.50 ha 5,331.11 hectares 7,837.61 ha
1508-003 District Jiangzhou and circle Fusui in Chongzuo
( geographic coordinates )
Zuo Jiang 18th 2,486.27 ha 4,092.53 ha 6,578.80 ha

literature

  • Li, Fushun: "Rock art at Huashan, Guangxi Province, China." Rock Art Research 1991, 8.1: pp. 29-32. (English)
  • Qin, Shengmin 覃圣敏; Qin, Cailuan; Lu, Minfei & Yu, Ruyu: Guangxi Zuo Jiang liuyu yabihua de diaocha yu yanjiu 广西 左 江 流域 崖 壁画 的 调查 与 研究Investigation and exploration of the rock art of the Zuojiang Valley in Guangxi . Nanning: Guangxi minzu chubanshe 广西 民族 出版社 (Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House) 1987 (Chinese)
  • Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu bowuguan 广西壮族自治区 博物馆 (Wang, Kerung; Zhou, Jinglung & Chang, Yuanzhong), Ed .: Guangxi Zuo Jiang yanhua 广西 左 江 岩画 (rock art on the Zuojiang River in Guangxi). Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe 1988 (Chinese with English summary)

Web links

Commons : Rock Paintings of Hua Mountain  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed November 14, 2017 .
  2. http://www.kam-tai.org.cn/Docment/ArticleShow.asp?ArticleID=446  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.kam-tai.org.cn  
  3. Lonely Planet: Huāshān Cliff Murals in Guǎngxī . In: Lonely Planet . ( lonelyplanet.com [accessed March 14, 2017]).
  4. 首页 - 崇左 市 壮族 博物馆. Retrieved March 14, 2017 .
  5. Official name English Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape , French Paysage culturel de l'art rupestre de Zuojiang Huashan , German translation according to the World Heritage List. In: www.unesco.de. Retrieved November 14, 2017 .
  6. Decision: 40 COM 8B.19. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed November 14, 2017 .
  7. Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape. Maps. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed November 14, 2017 .