Kaiping
| Kāipíng Shì 开平 市 Kaiping |
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| Coordinates | 22 ° 22 ′ N , 112 ° 41 ′ E | ||
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| Basic data | |||
| Country | People's Republic of China | ||
| province | Guangdong | ||
| District-free city | Jiangmen | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | CN-GD | ||
| surface | 1659 km² | ||
| Residents | 680,000 (2002) | ||
| density | 409.9 Ew. / km² | ||
| Post Code | 529312 | ||
| Website | www.kaiping.gov.cn | ||
Kaiping ( Chinese 開平 市 / 开平 市 , Pinyin Kāipíng Shì ) is an independent city in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong with about 680,000 inhabitants and an area of 1,659 km². Primarily an industrial city, it is known within China for hundreds of weird fortified houses and is therefore a tourist attraction.
geography
Kaiping is located about 110 kilometers southwest of the provincial capital Guangzhou at the transition from the plain of the Pearl River to a hill country. To the west and south wide plains spread out, to the north and east hills and plateaus. The city is located on the banks of the Tan River ( 潭江 ), which flows through the city in a west-east direction and has formed an alluvial plain in this area .
The climate is subtropical to tropical. The average January temperature is 13-14 ° C, the average July temperature 28 ° C. The annual rainfall is 1822 mm. In summer there are frequent typhoons and heavy rain, the dry seasons are autumn and winter.
history
Kaiping was raised to a small town ( 縣 / 县 ) in 1649 . In 1993 the three places Changsha , Xinchang and Dihai were merged and the city ( 市 ) Kaiping was made from it. This has earned the city the nickname Little Wuhan .
In the past two centuries there has been massive emigration from Kaiping, which has resulted in around 750,000 people worldwide, more than the population of the district today, of Kaiping descent.
administration
The city of Kaiping is part of the prefecture-level city Jiangmen . Neighboring are Xinxing and Heshan in the north, Enping in the west, Taishan in the south and east and Xinhui in the far east.
The city of Kaiping is made up of three street districts and 13 large communities:
- Quarter Road Changsha ( 長沙街道 / 长沙街道 );
- Sanbu street district ( 三埠 街道 );
- Road quarter Shagang ( 沙岡街道 / 沙冈街道 );
- Greater community Yueshan ( 月山鎮 / 月山镇 );
- Greater community Shuikou ( 水口鎮 / 水口镇 );
- Greater community Chishui ( 赤水鎮 / 赤水镇 );
- Greater community Jinji ( 金雞鎮 / 金鸡镇 );
- Greater community Xiangang ( 蜆岡鎮 / 蚬冈镇 );
- Baihe Municipality ( 百合 鎮 / 百合 镇 );
- Greater community Chikan ( 赤崁鎮 / 赤坎镇 );
- Greater community tangkou ( 塘口鎮 / 塘口镇 );
- Greater community Dasha ( 大沙鎮 / 大沙镇 );
- Greater community Magang ( 馬岡鎮 / 马冈镇 );
- Greater community Long Sheng ( 龍勝鎮 / 龙胜镇 );
- Greater community Cangcheng ( 蒼城鎮 / 苍城镇 );
- Greater community Shatang ( 沙塘鎮 / 沙塘镇 ).
economy
Kaiping is one of the richer cities in the region. The GDP per capita in 2002 was RMB 16,600.
On the one hand, the exploitation of mineral resources such as coal , potassium feldspar , kaolin , quartz stone and quartz sand , granite , limestone , alumina, gold and slate is of economic importance . In addition, plants important for traditional Chinese medicine such as ephedra , camphor , lilies and honeysuckle are extracted in the forests .
In agriculture, the most important activity is growing rice . In addition, peanuts , sugar cane , soybeans , vegetables and fruits are grown.
In terms of industry Kaiping is beyond its borders for its high construction firms known. In addition to the construction industry, the textile industry, food industry, electronics and chemical industry, mechanical engineering, the production of medicines and shoe manufacture are important.
Culture
Kaiping is known within China for the architecturally unique Diaolou (碉楼, diāolóu). Diaolou are fortified, mostly five-storey houses that were used in rural areas both as residential houses and as defensive structures. The oldest diaolou were built in the late 19th century in response to the chaos of war surrounding the Taiping uprising .
These houses, of which 1,833 examples have survived, combine Western and Chinese architecture in a rather bizarre way. This is due to the fact that Chinese people who had temporarily left their homeland and who later built houses in and around Kaiping with the money earned abroad, brought stylistic elements with them from their host countries. In many of the Diaolou there are baroque or even Art Nouveau elements or themes from the Arab cultural area. The Diaolou since 2001 listed building and stand on the since 2007 UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites . The Diaolou are also considered part of the Lingnan culture .
traffic
The Guangzhou - Foshan - Kaiping - Yangjiang highway runs north of Kaiping . The national road 325 runs parallel to it and crosses the city itself. There is no rail link. The Sanbu Port (三埠 港) allows regular shipping to Hong Kong and Macau . For travelers, the bus is the most important means of transport; Long-distance buses go to the neighboring provinces. A bus ride to the provincial capital Guangzhou takes about 2.5 hours.
Web links
Heritage: Great Wall of China (1987) | Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing ( Forbidden City ) and Shenyang (1987) | Mogao Grottoes (1987) | Qin Shihuangdis Mausoleum (1987) | Peking man's site in Zhoukoudian (1987) | Summer Residence and Eight Outer Temples near Chengde (1994) | Confucius Temple, Cemetery and Residence of the Kong Family in Qufu (1994) | Daoist shrines in the mountains of Wudang (1994) | Potala Palace (1994), Jokhang Temple (2000) and Norbulingka Palace (2001) | Lu Shan National Park (1996) | Lijiang Old Town (1997) | Old City of Pingyao (1997) | Classical Gardens of Suzhou (1997) | Yiheyuan Summer Palace (1998) | Temple of Heaven with imperial sacrificial altar in Beijing (1998) | Rock sculptures by Also (1999) | Mount Qingcheng Mountains and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (2000) | Xidi and Hongcun Villages (2000) | Longmen Grottoes (2000) | Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (2000) | Yungang Grottoes (2001) | Capitals and Tombs of the Ancient Kingdom of Koguryo (2004) | Historic Center of Macau (2005) | Yinxu (2006) | Diaolou towers and villages in Kaiping (2007) | Tulou loam buildings in Fujian (2008) | Wutai Shan (2009) | Historical Monuments of Dengfeng (2010) | Cultural Landscape West Lake near Hangzhou (2011) | Xanadu Site (2012) | Hani rice terraces in Yunnan (2013) | Silk Roads: The Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor Road Network (2014) | Kaiserkanal (2014) | Tusi sites (2015) | Petroglyphs at Huashan and the Zuo Jiang River (2016) | Kulangsu: a Historic International Settlement (2017) | Liangzhu City Archaeological Ruins (2019)
Natural heritage: Jiuzhaigou Valley Landscape Park (1992) | Lime sinter terrace landscape Huanglong (1992) | Wulingyuan Landscape Park (1992) | Protection zones of the three parallel rivers of Yunnan (2003) | Sichuan Panda Nature Reserve (2006) | Karst landscapes in southern China (2007, 2014) | Sanqing Shan National Park (2008) | Danxia Shan at Shaoguan (2010) | Chengjiang Fossil Site (2012) | Tian Shan Mountains in Xinjiang (2013) | Shennongjia Forest Area (2016) | Qinghai Hoh Xil (2017) | Migratory bird sanctuaries along the coast of the Yellow Sea - Gulf of Bohai (Phase I) (2019)
Cultural / Natural Heritage: Tai Shan Mountain Region (1987) | Huang Shan Mountains (1990) | Mountain landscape of Emei Shan and Leshan Big Buddha (1996) | Wuyi Mountains (1999) | Fanjingshan (2018)