Johann Baptist Lingg von Linggenfeld

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Monument to Lingg von Linggenfeld in Bad Hersfeld

Johann Baptist Georg Fidelius Lingk or Lingg , since 1827 Lingg Lingg field (* 24. April 1765 in Meersburg on Lake Constance , † 21st January 1842 in Mannheim ) was lieutenant general of the Grand Duke of Baden hunters - battalion "Lingg". He became known as " The Man of Hersfeld " as the defender of the city of Hersfeld against the French .

family

Meersburg, Hotel Löwen, memorial plaque Johann Baptist Lingg von Linggenfeld

He was the son of Georg Lingk , innkeeper and owner of the “ Löwen ” hotel in Meersburg, where Johann Baptist was born and where he is remembered today with a plaque. Lingk or Lingg was raised to the electoral Hessian nobility with the name extension " von Linggenfeld " on November 1, 1827 in Kassel and shortly thereafter, on December 30, was also recognized as a nobility from Baden.

Military background

Lingg attended grammar school in Meersburg until it in 1780 as a cadet officer's career in the Grenadier - Company of the Bishopric of Konstanz struck. At that time it was exceptional that a commoner was given the opportunity to become an officer . In 1783 he was promoted to second lieutenant and probably in 1790 to prime lieutenant. In the First Coalition War (1792–1797) Lingg fought in the Swabian district regiment "Wolfegg" against the French. This regiment was defeated and disbanded by French troops in 1796. Lingg was promoted to captain in the same year and now commanded the grenadier company of the Constance monastery. After the Treaty of Lunéville was signed in 1801, the Constance Monastery was secularized and added to the Margraviate of Baden .

Lingg joined the Baden Army in 1803 and was promoted to major a few months later . He became a staff officer and commander of a company in the Jäger Battalion in Bruchsal . Between 1805 and 1806 Lingg fought with his company in the Third Coalition War in the Austrian Innviertel . After that, the hunter battalion was restructured. It was increased by two companies and now had four companies with a strength of 553 men. Lingg was promoted to lieutenant colonel and thus became the commander of the "Lingg" hunter battalion named after him.

Since Baden belonged to the Rhine Confederation , it was allied with Napoleon . Baden was therefore involved in the fourth coalition war between France and Prussia . Lingg moved out with his battalion only after the first major battles and was in Kassel on December 26, 1806 . At this time there were riots in Kurhessen . Lingg and his Jäger Battalion were ordered to Eschwege and Hersfeld to keep the situation behind the actual front under control. After there was a riot at Christmas 1806 when Napoleonic troops were billeted in Hersfeld, Napoleon gave the order to set fire to all four corners of the town and to plunder it. Lingg literally carried out the first part of the order and had four separate buildings set on fire on the outskirts, which burned down without harm to the rest of the city. He prevented the looting by addressing his soldiers (for more information on the unrest in Hersfeld, see: History of the City of Bad Hersfeld ).

After the events in Hersfeld, Lingg marched with his battalion to Vacha . From there it moved on to Pomerania in mid-May 1806 , where Lingg's troops took part in the fighting there. In December 1807 Lingg moved to Heidelberg , into the new garrison of his battalion. Lingg was promoted to colonel on December 21 and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Karl Friedrich Order of Merit. When Lingg presented to Grand Duke Karl Friedrich at the beginning of 1808 to thank Grand Duke Karl Friedrich , he is said to have received him with the words: "The man from Hersfeld". At that time, this saying became a catchphrase and expression of the patriotic sentiment in the German Reich . On September 19, 1808 he was accepted into the Masonic lodge "Carl zur Gute Hoffnung" in Heidelberg.

In the fifth coalition war , Lingg was deployed in Austria and was slightly injured in the battle of Wagram . In 1810 the battalion was reclassified to the "Lingg" light infantry battalion and relocated to Freiburg . After being appointed major general , Lingg became city commander of Freiburg. There he became an honorary citizen in 1812 .

Gravestone of Lingg von Linggenfeld in the Mannheim main cemetery

In the sixth coalition war , the Baden corps and the infantry battalion "Lingg" moved against Russia as far as Smolensk . Lingg was wounded on the retreat across the Berezina . The entire Baden corps in the Prussian retreat consisted of only 41 men. They were transferred from Lingg to Glogau , where replacement troops from Baden were lying. He then submitted his departure and left the army on March 16, 1813 as lieutenant general .

In 1819, because of his courageous behavior in Hersfeld, he received the house order of the Golden Lion from the Hessian elector Wilhelm I and Wilhelm II. On November 1, 1827, he was raised to hereditary nobility with the title “von Linggenfeld” .

Lingg lived in Karlsruhe until 1821, when he moved to Mannheim with his family (he bought house L2, 2 in the squares). This move was probably related to the fact that the widow of Grand Duke Stéphanie de Beauharnais took up her residence in Mannheim Castle . Lingg died in Mannheim in 1842 and was buried in the old Catholic cemetery. When the Mannheim main cemetery was built, it was reburied there in 1844. His grave is still there today.

Afterlife

The process in Hersfeld soon became known throughout the empire. Various artists took up this topic, poets and authors wrote about it. A story that Johann Peter Hebel published in 1808 is known to our time. Its name is Der Kommandant und die Jäger in Hersfeld , which was published in the calendar of the Rhineland family friend .

The Hersfelds honored their savior in 1857 when they named the place where Lingg spoke to his battalion after him. On one side of the Linggplatz was the old court square of the Hersfeld Abbey . His monument was erected here in 1896.

The play Der Mann von Hersfeld , written by Josef Rank, was premiered in 1859 . The film Johann Baptiste Lingg is based on this play (the film was also shown with the title Under the Foreign Rule of the French ), which premiered on August 24, 1920 in the Marble House on Kurfürstendamm . The main actors were Irmgard Bern and Carl Auen . The silent film was restored in 2006 and accompanied in the digitized form with newly composed music by Helgo Hahn. A radio play with literary narration was also created during this time (producer: Sven M. Schreivogel, author: Klaus Rhenanus) with the same title as the film.

The Masonic lodge "Zum noble Bruderverein", founded in Hersfeld in 1816, was renamed in 1892 to "Lingg zur Brudertreue"; it still exists today under this name.

The events in Bad Hersfeld were celebrated for the 200th time on February 20, 2007. The Kreisanzeiger published in Bad Hersfeld accompanied this anniversary twice. First, it was the first (and never again after that) to offer the Lingg Prize under the patronage of the mayor. The award was presented to two men (Heinrich Jeda and Viktor Lyazewitsch) who stopped a perpetrator on the run who had recently attacked and seriously injured his former wife.

monument

The memorial, on which Lingg von Linggenfeld is depicted bareheaded in contemporary uniform with cloak and saber, looking into the distance, was ceremoniously unveiled on November 8, 1896. The statue was created by the Berlin sculptor Felix Goerling ; it was made in Gladenbeck's bronze foundry, owners: Walter and Paul Gladenbeck in Berlin-Friedrichshagen using bronze casting.

filming

His life was filmed in 1920 by Arthur Teuber in 1920 with Carl Auen in the title role under the title Johann Baptiste Lingg .

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Baptist Lingg von Linggenfeld  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inge and Rolf Kießhauer: Bronzenes for Germany from the Gladenbeckschen foundries 1851 to approx. 1926. The south and southwest. In the series: Friedrichshagener Hefte. No. 57, Berlin-Friedrichshagen 2007.
personal data
SURNAME Lingg von Linggenfeld, Johann Baptist
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lingg, Johann Baptist; Lingk, Johann Baptist
BRIEF DESCRIPTION general
DATE OF BIRTH April 24, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH Meersburg
DATE OF DEATH January 21, 1842
Place of death Mannheim