Johannes von Eben

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johannes von Eben as general of the infantry

John Charles Louis Richard Eben , 1906 by Eben (* 24 February 1855 in Prussian Mark , † thirtieth June 1924 in Bauditten ) was a Prussian general of the infantry in the First World War .

Life

origin

Bauditten manor around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Johannes was the youngest son of the manor owner Wilhelm Eben (1816–1889) and his wife Agnes, née Monod de Froideville (1822–1900). His father was a Prussian senior bailiff and master of Ebenau (since 1850) and Bauditten (since 1855). The later Prussian Lieutenant General Reinhold von Eben (1853–1933) was his older brother.

Military career

She has just been educated in the Potsdam Cadet Corps and in the Prussian Principal Cadet Institute . On April 19, 1873 he joined the 2nd Hanseatic Infantry Regiment No. 76 of the Prussian Army, which was stationed in the Free Hanseatic Cities of Hamburg and Lübeck , as characterized portepeef ensign . There he received the patent for his rank on December 15th . With the promotion to second lieutenant , he was the fusilier - Battalion assigned in Lübeck, but came a year later to the musketeers to Hamburg. On October 1, 1878, Eben was posted to the military gymnasium in Berlin for six months. From June 1, 1879 to September 30, 1882 he was an adjutant in the 2nd Battalion. Under position à la suite of the regiment, he had been recruited into the regiment from October 14, 1882 until October 17, 1883. To first lieutenant , he was on 14 April 1885. From 1 October 1886 to 24 July 1889 he was at the Military Academy in command. Back again, Eben was promoted to captain on March 24, 1890 and appointed chief of the 9th Company in Lübeck on May 14, 1890 . From 7 to 22 July 1891 and from 4 to 20 July 1892 he took part in the general staff training trips of the IX. Army Corps .

Under referral to the General Staff of the 12th Division in Neisse plane was on 17 November 1892 in the General Staff of the army and 15 December 1894 in the General Staff added. Promoted to major on September 12, 1895 , he was from October 1, 1895 for five years teacher of tactics at the War Academy and from April 27 to May 9, 1899 for an information course at the infantry shooting school in Spandau . This was followed from November 20, 1900 to March 21, 1902 as commander of the 1st Battalion in the 5th Guards Regiment on foot . Subsequently, he was transferred back to the General Staff of the Army as well as the command to service the General Staff of the XVII. Army Corps in Gdansk . Here, Eben was promoted to lieutenant colonel on April 22, 1902 and took over the duties of the chief of the General Staff of the XVII. Army Corps has been commissioned.

In 1905 he was given the post of head of the Army Department in the War Ministry . Because of his services, Emperor Wilhelm II elevated him to the hereditary Prussian nobility on August 29, 1906 . Two years later he became commander of the Guards Grenadier Regiment No. 5 in Spandau and on March 24, 1909, while being promoted to Major General, he was commander of the 5th Guards Infantry Brigade . On the Emperor's birthday, January 27, 1912, he was initially charged with the command of the 30th Division , then on April 22, 1912, while at the same time being promoted to Lieutenant General, its commander.

After the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, his division took part in the Association of XV. Army Corps participated in the fighting in Lorraine. During the operations, Eben received his promotion to General of the Infantry and on September 2, 1914, he became Commanding General of the X. Reserve Corps , since General Günther von Kirchbach was wounded. The corps fought in the Battle of the Marne and belonged to the right wing of the 2nd Army .

On June 11, 1915, Eben took over the 1st Army Corps in East Prussia and was subordinate to the 12th Army . The fortress of Ostrolenka was captured in July and Białystok was occupied in August . In September, now a member of the 10th Army , the city of Vilnius was occupied and, in conjunction with the Scholz army group, Dünaburg was occupied in October .

During the Russian Brusilov offensive in June 1916, General von Eben's general command was subordinated to the Austro- Hungarian 2nd Army in eastern Galicia. During the defensive battles in the September battle, it was possible to prevent the threatened breakthrough of the Russian 11th Army into Hungary . On October 7, 1916, General von Eben was awarded the order Pour le Mérite during a visit to the front by Kaiser Wilhelm II . The award was proposed by General Erich Ludendorff .

On June 10, 1917 Just received the command of the in Romania standing 9th Army as the successor of General Erich von Falkenhayn . Field Marshal August von Mackensen proposed him to be awarded the oak leaves for the Pour le Mérite, which he received on September 22, 1917. After the separate peace in Bucharest , which Romania concluded with the Central Powers in December 1917 , the 9th Army came to France on the Western Front. Army Department A in Alsace took over from June 18, 1918 , but at the same time remained Commander in Chief of the 9th Army until Fritz von Below , who was seriously ill , was able to take over this post. After the armistice in November 1918, Eben brought the troops under his command across the Rhine to Württemberg.

On December 14, 1918, Eben was transferred to the army officers and at the same time entrusted with the duties of a commanding general of the 1st Army Corps in Königsberg . His resignation was granted on February 14, 1919.

Johannes von Eben died on June 30, 1924 at the age of 69 on his home estate Bauditten in East Prussia.

family

She had just married Emmy Worlée (* 1862) on October 26, 1880 in Hamburg. The following children were born from the marriage:

literature

  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the noble houses. 1919. Thirteenth year, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1918, pp. 205–206.
  • Hasso von Benda: General of the infantry Johannes von Eben. In: German Soldier Yearbook 1980. Schild, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-88014-073-1 .
  • Karl-Friedrich Hildebrand, Christian Zweng: The knights of the order Pour le Mérite of the First World War. Volume 1: AG. Biblio, Osnabrück 1999, ISBN 3-7648-2505-7 , pp. 332-334.
  • Hanns Möller: History of the knights of the order pour le mérite in the world war. Volume I: AL. Bernard & Graefe, Berlin 1935, pp. 247–248.
  • Harry von Rège : Officer master list of the infantry regiment No. 76. Mauke, Hamburg 1902, OCLC 252978009 pp. 79–80.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogical Handbook of letter noble houses. 1909. Third year, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1908, p. 158.
personal data
SURNAME Exactly, Johannes von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Exactly, Johannes Karl Louis Richard von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian general of the infantry in the First World War
DATE OF BIRTH February 24, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Prussian mark
DATE OF DEATH June 30, 1924
Place of death Bauditten