Berchtesgadener Ache

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Berchtesgadener Ache
in Austria: Königsseeache, Alm, Almbach
historically: Albe, Niedere Albe
Berchtesgadener ache.jpg
Data
Water code DE : 1864
location Northern Limestone Alps

Bavaria ( Germany )

State of Salzburg ( Austria )

River system Danube
Drain over Salzach  → Inn  → Danube  → Black Sea
confluence from left Ramsauer Ache and right Königsseer Ache in Berchtesgaden
47 ° 37 ′ 33 ″  N , 13 ° 0 ′ 1 ″  E
Source height approx.  538  m
muzzle near Hallein- Rif from the left into the Salzach coordinates: 47 ° 43 '54 "  N , 13 ° 4' 55"  E 47 ° 43 '54 "  N , 13 ° 4' 55"  E
Mouth height approx.  436  m
Height difference approx. 102 m
Bottom slope approx. 5.7 ‰
length 17.8 km
Catchment area 419.01 km²
Discharge at the St. Leonhard
A Eo gauge: 428.2 km²
Location: 3.48 km above the mouth 		NNQ (02/15/2010)
MNQ 1966–2011
MQ 1966–2011
Mq 1966–2011
 MHQ 1966–2011
HHQ (08/12/2002) 		620 l / s
5.29 m³ / s
18.3 m³ / s
42.7 l / (s km²)
 154 m³ / s
369 m³ / s
The Königsseeache in Hallein-Rif just before it flows into the Salzach

The Königsseeache in Hallein-Rif just before it flows into the Salzach

The Ache at the Berchtesgaden salt mine

The Berchtesgadener Ache is itself about 18 km long, with its longest upper course together about 39 km long, which arises in the southeastern tip of the Bavarian region in the Berchtesgadener Talspinne from the union of the left Ramsauer Ache and the right Königsseer Ache and then on the north-eastern to northern course flows to the Salzach . In Austria , where it flows from the left after a short lower course in the state of Salzburg near the town of Rif in the municipality of Hallein , including its right upper course, it is called Königsseeache , also known as Alm or Almbach . Around the year 1815 the river was still called the Albe , according to a research group at the University of Salzburg also known as the Niedere Albe (compare the names of the Niederalm in Anif and Obere Albe for the Almbach, which also flows south of it into the Salzach with reference to Oberalm ).

course

The Berchtesgadener Ache arises in the Berchtesgaden Alps in the southern area of ​​Markt Berchtesgaden from two very long upper courses. Its larger is the Ramsauer Ache , which is more than 21 km long in its entirety, and which a little earlier in the local area had taken up the equally long Bischofswiesener Ache from the northwest and drains a total of 173 km². The smaller Koenigsseer Ache (!) From the south is the outflow of the Koenigssees , comes with its total strand to a main strand length of about 19 km and a 164 km² large drainage area, so in both sizes it is hardly inferior to the Ramsauer Ache, which is counted as the main strand in Bavaria .

The Berchtesgadener Ache initially flows northeast and then bends north in the area of ​​Berchtesgaden. Then it goes through the von Marktschellenberg and briefly a corner of the community-free Schellenberger Forest, which, like the two market communities, is in the Berchtesgadener Land district .

Then it changes to the north run on the Hangendenstein pass to Austria in the area of ​​the federal state of Salzburg, where it is about 5 km long as Königsseeache to the mouth of Grenzbach between the market town of Hallein in the Hallein district on the right and one after the other the market town of Grödig and the municipality of Anif in the district Salzburg area is on the left bank. Immediately after the state border, the Almkanal, which flows north to Salzburg , descends on the left. At Grödiger Ort St. Leonhard it bends to the east and then crosses the wide Salzach valley. Between the town of Rif von Hallein and the Waldbad von Anif it finally flows halfway under the motorway bridge of the Tauern Autobahn from the left into the Salzach .

The Berchtesgadener Ache itself is 17.8 km long , its main strand over the Ramsauer Ache is 39.3 km long and it has a 419 km² catchment area, 34.7 km² of which is in Austrian territory and mainly drains to it via the Königsseer Ache .

There are several hydroelectric plants along the course ; the power stations at the wood carving school and at the Hofbrauhaus at Berchtesgadener Mühlbach, the traction power station in Gartenau and the power station Fischer in Marktschellenberg. The landscape protection area Salzburg-Süd borders to the north of the lower reaches in the state of Salzburg . From July 17, 2017, the city of Hallein had a forest of 200 ash trees cut down on the Königsseeache due to infestation by the false white stem cup.

Tributaries

Hierarchical list of the tributaries, each from the origin to the mouth. Selection. With water length, catchment area and height. Other sources for the information are noted.

Confluence of the Berchtesgadener Ache at about 538  m above sea level. NHN in southern Berchtesgaden in the interior of a road roundabout that crosses all three rivers involved.

  • Ramsauer Ache , left and southwestern main strand upper course, 21.5 km with section name sequence Hirschbichlklausgraben → Klausbach → Ramsauer Ache and 173.5 km². The Hirschbichlklausgraben arises at about 1250  m above sea level. NHN near the Hirschbichlkopf in the area of ​​the municipality of Weißbach bei Lofer in the Salzburg district of Zell am See and changes at the Hirschbichl to Bavarian territory.
    • Wimbach , from the right and south-southwest to about 625  m above sea level. NHN in the east of the village of Ramsau near Berchtesgaden , 10.8 km with the section name sequence Schönfeldgraben → Wimbach and 35.7 km² interrupted by an infiltration section . The Schönfeldgraben arises at about 1856  m above sea level. NHN on the southwest slope of the southern tip / Schönfeldspitze .
    • Bischofswiesener Ache , from the left and northwest to about 547  m above sea level. NHN between the Bischofswiesener Bergjägerkaserne and the western outskirts of Berchtesgaden, 12.9 km with the section name sequence Maiergraben → Frechenbach → Bischofswiesener Ache and 45.6 km². Arises at about 1190  m above sea level. NHN on the eastern slope of the Kerschneids on the northern border of the municipality of Ramsau.
  • Königsseer Ache , right and southern side branch upper course, 18.7 km with section name sequence Röthbach → Obersee  → Saletbach → Königssee  → Königsseer Ache and 163.9 km² interrupted by a short infiltration stretch after the first link . The Röthbach arises at about 1455  m above sea level. NHN near the Wasseralm lodging house under the Hocheck in the municipality of Schönau am Königssee .
    • Königsbach , from the right and east to 603.3  m above sea level. NHN in the lower Königssee, 3.3 km and 9.2 km². Arises at about 1413  m above sea level. NHN am Sillenköpfle and then runs through the Priesberger Moos on one section without a bed .
    • Krautkasergraben , from the right and southeast to about 575  m above sea level. NHN in the Königssee district of Schönau, 5.3 km with section names sequence Weidbach → Krautkasergraben and 4.7 km². The Weidbach arises at about 1700  m above sea level. NHN at the Pfaffenkegel .
  • Gerner Bach , from the left and northwest to about 525  m above sea level. NHN at the Berchtesgaden salt mine, 4.9 km and 10.2 km². Arises at about 911  m above sea level. NHN under the Rauhenkopf at the Untersberg settlement area of ​​the Berchtesgadener Gnotschaft Maria Gern .
  • Larosbach , from the right and southeast to about 514  m above sea level. NHN against the rock group Laroswacht square kilometers, 5.9 kilometers and 14.8. Arises at about 1405  m above sea level. NHN at the Mitterbergkopf .
  • Almbach , from the left and west-northwest to about 492  m above sea level. NHN at the ball mill of Markt Marktschellenberg , 5.1 km and 9.8 km². Arises at about 1295  m above sea level. NHN at the Bannkopf and drains the area below the Berchtesgadener Hochthrons .
  • Rothmannbach , from the left and west to about 463  m above sea level. NHN across from Thurmlehen in the municipality of Schaden von Marktschellenberg, 4.1 km with section names Kargraben → Rothmannbach and 7.7 km². Arises at about 1080  m above sea level. NHN under the Stihlwand .
  • → Exit of the Almkanal , to the left and north to about 458  m above sea level. NHN just after the border at the Hangendenstein Pass ( ⊙ ), 12 km. The canal carries an average of 5.5 m³ of water to Salzburg and divides into seven arms in the city center, most of which flow underground into the Salzach.

The river now known as Königsseeache flows into the Salzach from the left and finally west at about 436  m from the left and finally west , between the town of Rif von Hallein and the Waldbad Anif and a little below the opposite town of Urstein von Puch bei Hallein . From the merging of its two upper reaches in Berchtesgaden, the river is 17.8 km long , together with the strand of its main left upper course Ramsauer Ache, 39.3 km long and drains a 419.0 km² catchment area, to which each of its two upper courses contributes almost as much like the 181.6 km² area, which drains to it only after its confluence. The lower section in Austria is 4.8 km long, the area in Austria that drains to it - mainly via its right upper course - is 39.3 km².

Web links

Commons : Berchtesgadener Ache  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Height queried (with a right click) on: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( information )
  2. ↑ a b Height near the mouth according to: Austrian Map online
  3. ↑ a b List of brook and river areas in Bavaria - Inn river area, page 66 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 2.8 MB)
  4. ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th Volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 134, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (Yearbook 2011)
  5. ↑ The spelling Königseeache with an "s" is widespread, but not technical.
  6. ↑ Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld : History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 2, from p. 122 ff. ( Google Books )
  7. ↑ Biological underwater research group of the University of Salzburg : Historical course of the river Salzach from the Salzachöfen to the mouth of the Saalach - Part 2: Salzburg - Hallein in BUFUS-Info 40/2008, PDF file p. 4–5 of 14 pages, online at bufus. sbg.ac.at
  8. ↑ Deforestation of the ash forest after ash dieback: Hallein is cutting 200 trees from orf.at, July 17, 2017, accessed on July 17, 2017.
  9. ↑ a b Length and catchment area according to: Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - River area Inn, page 75 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 2.8 MB) (up to page 78)
  10. ↑ Data according to the website for the Almkanal