Kühnhaide (Marienberg)

Kühnhaide Large district town of Marienberg Coordinates: 50 ° 35 ′ 0 ″ N , 13 ° 14 ′ 13 ″ E
Height :	734 (700-750) m
Residents :	555 (Jan. 1, 2018)
Incorporation :	January 1, 1994
Incorporated into:	Hirtstein
Postal code :	09496
Area code :	037364
Location of Kühnhaide in Saxony

Kühnhaide is a district of the Saxon town of Marienberg in the Erzgebirge district .

geography

location

Kühnhaide is located about nine kilometers south-southeast of Marienberg in the Ore Mountains on the German- Czech border. The scattered settlement consists of the groups of houses or the former districts of Herrenhaide , Rathengasse , Stengelhaide and Vierhöfe . Extensive forest areas seal off the place on the German and Czech side from its neighboring towns. The Black Pockau , which runs to the east, also marks the state border here. State road 216 Reitzenhain– Olbernhau runs through the village , and there is a connection to federal road 174 in the northwest via a municipal road .

climate

Kühnhaide is considered to be one of the coldest inhabited places in Germany due to its location in a depression surrounded by higher forests, in which the cold air can accumulate on clear, windless nights. In the winter of 2011/2012, -34.4 ° C was registered there at a private weather station . However, this station is located in a depression in the Schwarzwassertal and therefore tends to show significantly cooler values.

Neighboring places

	Pobershau
		Rübenau
Reitzenhain

history

Elementary School Kühnhaide

Parish church Kühnhaide

Stone bridge in Marienberg-Kühnhaide in the upper section of the Schwarzwassertal (Schwarze Pockau)

The first documentary mention dates from 1552 as Kynheide . The construction of a fiefdom on the Kynhayd is mentioned in a document as early as 1534 . An earlier name of the place is said to have been Dörfel vorm Walde . In 1603 the supervisor of the Ore Mountains rafts, Caspar von Berbisdorf , was hereditary with the Kühnhaide estate . The latter had an ironworks built, benefiting from the large stocks of wood in the surrounding forests. August Schumann mentions this in the State Lexicon in 1818:

“At Kühnheyde there is a hammer mill belonging to the Count of Solms , which is known under the name Kühnheider, or Niederschmiedeberger Hammer. In 1789, 1,142 iron wagons were manufactured and sold here. In 1800, 464 thin iron wagons were manufactured, 130 lintel carriages , 1360 rod iron wagons , and 6544 Thaler am Werth together. The work consists of 1 tall stove , 2 stick fires, 1 tin fire and 1 tin house; Employed are 1 factor, 6 high furnace workers, 3 staff fire workers, 6 tin fire workers, 3 tin house workers and 2 coal knives. 136 people live in the hammer mill, with 11 cows and 420 full shocks, which are located directly under the office of Selva . "

While pig iron was produced in Kühnhaide , the facilities for sheet metal production were located in Niederschmiedeberg. In 1814 a blast furnace and two stick fires were in operation in Kühnhaide . After the Kühnhaide-Niederschmiedeberg hammer mill stood still in 1815, the chief forest and game master Johann Georg Friedrich Adolph von Zeng took over the facilities from the Counts of Solms in 1818. Albert Schiffner mentions a viable ironworks in 1845.

In 1574 Kühnhaide was parish in Großrückerswalde . In 1607 the place became its own parish with the parish of Reitzenhain - until 1853 the neighboring Rübenau also belonged to this parish. The following year the cemetery was laid out. Since the construction of a dam with 3.5 million m³ of storage space was planned in the upper Schwarzwassertal during the GDR era , the cemetery was closed in the period 1964–1981. The current church building was erected on the same site after a previous wooden building was demolished and consecrated in 1691. The addition of a tower with an onion dome did not take place until 1787. A teacher is mentioned for the first time in 1611, the construction of a school building did not take place until 1843. In 1916 this was replaced by a new building. In the early 18th century, the village of Kienhaid, named after Kühnhaide, arose on the Austrian side of the border . 1805-06 the road into the neighboring Reitzenhain was laid, a road through the Schwarzwassertal followed in 1878 by the forest administration. After the ironworks were closed, the manufacture of lace and trimmings became important branches of industry, and at the same time peat extraction in the moorland areas of the Mothäusheide to the west of the village gained economic importance. In 1845 the inventor of the wood pulp , Friedrich Gottlob Keller , acquired a mill in Kühnhaide in order to exploit his invention industrially. However, his attempts to capitalize on his invention failed because of a lack of commercial skills and insufficient equity. In addition, part of the mill was destroyed during a flood. After 1945 part of the " VEB Sportgerätewerk Karl-Marx-Stadt" of the Germina Kombinat was established , it employed about 100 people with the production of mini golf games and badminton rackets. In the "VEB Textil Grenzland" baby and work clothes were made, the "VEB Häkelchic Annaberg" made hats. All three of the above-mentioned companies outsourced a large amount of home work.
In the course of the political change in 1990, the state-owned companies were dissolved and not continued. To this day, many medium-sized companies have developed, and some of them are even being produced again, for example in the window factory.

Kühnhaide in winter 2006

Kühnhaide in summer 2011

From October 1, 1937 to March 31, 1948, Kühnhaide was incorporated into Reitzenhain, after which it was an independent municipality again.
On January 1, 1994, the Hirtstein municipality , with its administrative headquarters in Reitzenhain, was newly formed from the previously independent municipalities of Rübenau, Reitzenhain, Kühnhaide and the statutes . On January 1, 2003, the community of Hirtstein was incorporated into Marienberg.

Kühnhaide is well developed for tourism. In addition to the protected moor, the Kammweg and Schwarzwassertal are also varied. Cross-country trails are groomed regularly in winter. In the first week of September, the multi-day fair with its theater and the supporting program is well worth seeing. On the first Advent there is pyramid pushing.

mayor

1990–1994: Matthias Hüttl

Development of the population

year	population
1764	55 cottagers
1834	958
1871	1299
1890	1290
1910	1191

year	population
1925	1127
1950	1210
1964	1005
1990	736
2007	583

year	population
2014	555
2015	548
2016	558

Personalities

Forester Alfred Kaden (1925–2015) lived and worked in Kühnhaide .

literature

Josef Kempf: Chronicle Kühnhaide. A timetable. Marienberg 2004.
Kühnhaide . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 5th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1818, p. 245 f.
The Kühnhaide Parish. in: New Saxon Church Gallery, Ephorie Marienberg. Strauch Verlag, Leipzig, Sp. 385–396 ( digitized version )
District Office Middle Erzgebirgskreis, Ed .: On the history of the cities and municipalities in the Middle Erzgebirgskreis , a time table (parts 1–3)
Richard Steche : Kühnhaide. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 5th issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Marienberg . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1885, p. 9.