Kalyasin

city Kalyazin Калязин coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Tver Rajon Kalyasin First mention 1434 City since 1775 surface 10  km² population 13,867 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1387 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 120  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 48249 Post Code 171571, 171573 License Plate 69 OKATO 28 222 501 Geographical location Coordinates 57 ° 14 '  N , 37 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 57 ° 14 '0 "  N , 37 ° 51' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Tver Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Kalyazin ( Russian Калязин ) is a city in the Russian Tver Oblast . It has 13,867 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) and is located on the Uglich reservoir in the upper reaches of the Volga , 25 km southeast of the nearest town Kashin , 44 km southwest of Uglich and 175 km northeast of the regional capital Tver .

history

Former Trinity Cathedral (19th century view)

Kaljasin was built in the 15th century at the latest and is one of the oldest towns in the Tver region. Its first mention comes from documents from 1434, in which Kaljasin is named as the place where the hermitage later known as the "Trinity Monastery" was founded. The place name, originally also known as Koljasin , comes, according to some local historians, from one of the Finno-Ugric languages , where kala or kola literally means "fish". So there could have been a fishing village on the site of today's Kaljasin in the Middle Ages.

From the 15th to the 17th century, the village was best known as the property of the Trinity Monastery. In 1466 the Tver merchant Afanassi Nikitin visited the monastery on his way to India . By the 17th century, the former monastery village developed into a larger settlement that combined several localities on both banks of the Volga. In the 18th century, trade became increasingly important here with annual fairs held twice a year. As a result, Kalyasin was built on the model of a city, with public parks and Volga promenades, among other things.

Bell tower of the flooded Nicholas Cathedral

In 1775, Kaljasin finally received city ​​rights by decree of Catherine the Great and became the capital of the Ujesd (district) of the same name . Trade in Kaljasin experienced its heyday in the 19th century, and numerous craft businesses and the first industry emerged here, including shipbuilding and felt boot production.

After the political upheaval in the course of the October Revolution , Kaljasin lost its importance as a commercial city.

As part of the industrialization policy under Stalin , a new hydroelectric power station was built near Kalyasin from 1935 to 1940. For this purpose, the Volga was dammed in this area, which led to the destruction of parts of the historic Kalyasiner urban area. In particular, the former Trinity Monastery, including all church buildings, was flooded and completely disappeared under the water of the Uglich reservoir . The same thing happened with St. Nicholas Cathedral, built in 1800 . Only its bell tower has been preserved to this day as a ruin and stands on a small island in the reservoir. The tower, which is unusually almost in the middle of the water, is now the main attraction of Kaljasin.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	5,496
1939	10.302
1959	11,077
1970	11,272
1979	13,893
1989	15,544
2002	14,820
2010	13,867

Note: census data

Economy and Infrastructure

As one of the old Russian cities, Kalyasin is primarily a tourist destination. There is relatively little industry here; The shoe and textile industries are represented, but also mechanical engineering.

Kalyasin has a shipping pier on the Volga and is the intersection of several motorways, including the R104 to Sergiev Posad . The railway line Moscow ( Zavyolovo train station ) - Kimry - Saint Petersburg (not to be confused with the Moscow-Petersburg high-speed line ) runs through the city , from which a branch line to Uglich branches off. Local and long-distance trains stop at Kaljasin-Passaschirski main station .

Personalities

• Nikifor Krylow (1802–1831), Russian painter

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

Commons : Kaljasin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Kaljasin on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
• Kaljasin on towns.ru (Russian)
• On the story of Kalyasin ( Memento from October 12, 2002 in the Internet Archive ) (Russian)